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Liquid Crystal-Based Enclosed Coplanar Waveguide Phase Shifter for 54a??66 GHz Applications
摘要： A 0–10 V bias voltage-driven liquid crystal (LC) based 0–180? continuously variable phase shifter was designed, fabricated, and measured with insertion loss less than ?4 dB across the spectrum from 54 GHz to 66 GHz. The phase shifter was structured in an enclosed coplanar waveguide (ECPW) with LC as tunable dielectrics encapsulated by a unified ground plate in the design, which significantly reduced the instability due to floating effects and losses due to stray modes. By competing for spatial volume distribution of the millimeter-wave signal occupying lossy tunable dielectrics versus low-loss but non-tunable dielectrics, the ECPW’s geometry and materials are optimized to minimize the total of dielectric volumetric loss and metallic surface loss for a fixed phase-tuning range. The optimized LC-based ECPW was impedance matched with 1.85 mm connectors by the time domain reflectometry (TDR) method. Device fabrication featured the use of rolled annealed copper foil of lowest surface roughness with nickel-free gold-plating of optimal thickness. Measured from 54 GHz to 66 GHz, the phase shifter prototype presented a tangible improvement in phase shift effectiveness and signal-to-noise ratio, while exhibiting lower insertion and return losses, more ease of control, and high linearity as well as lower-cost fabrication as compared with up-to-date documentations targeting 60 GHz applications.
关键词： tunable circuits and devices,true time delay,millimeter-wave,60 GHz,liquid crystal,phase shifter,enclosed coplanar waveguide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS 2019 - Boston, MA, USA (2019.6.2-2019.6.7)] 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) - Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter Based on Nonradiative Dielectric Waveguide Topology at W-Band
摘要： This paper presents a continuously tunable nonradiative dielectric waveguide (NRD) phase shifter based on liquid crystal (LC) technology at W-band. LC is inserted in the NRD’s dielectric core to obtain tunability. Compared to other dielectric waveguides, which are prone to radiation losses, the NRD is radiation free even at bends and discontinuities. A maximum differential phase shift of 280? was achieved with an electric biasing voltage of ±150 V, accompanied with insertion losses between 2.9 dB to 4.9 dB, resulting in a maximum Figure-of-Merit of 85 ?/dB.
关键词： millimeter wave devices,tunable circuits and devices,phase shifter,Liquid crystal,nonradiative dielectric waveguide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22