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oe1(光电查) - 科学论文

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出版时间
  • 2015
研究主题
  • cardiovascular imaging
  • coronary artery disease
  • coronary calcium score
  • atherosclerosis
  • coronary CT angiography.
应用领域
  • Medical Imaging
机构单位
  • Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
81 条数据
?? 中文（中国） ▾

  • Experimental investigations on thermal effects of a long-pulse alexandrite laser on blood vessels and its comparison with pulsed dye and Nd:YAG lasers

    摘要： Laser has been widely used in the treatment of vascular skin diseases, such as port wine stain, due to the effect of selective photothermolysis in laser on biological tissue. The 755 nm alexandrite laser was expected to achieve better curative effect than the commonly used 585 or 595 nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) because of its deeper tissue penetration. In this study, the dorsal chamber model and microscopic visualization system were used to observe morphology changes on 42 blood vessels before and after irradiation with the 755 nm laser. Results showed that thermal effects of blood vessels intensified with the increase in energy, and high energy was required to produce the same thermal effect as the extension of pulse width. Different from 595 and 1064 nm lasers, partial vessel contraction was dominant thermal effect caused by the 755 nm laser. The bleeding injury rate and thermal effect of the 755 nm laser were between those of 595 nm PDL and 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser. The simulation results proved that 595 nm PDLs were effective for small and shallow target blood vessels. The 755 nm alexandrite lasers were effective in the treatment of hypertrophic and resistant blood vessels to PDL in the skin with low or moderate melanin concentration. The 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser was effective in the treatment of deeply buried and enlarged target blood vessels in the skin with high melanin concentration. The simulation results were supported by published clinical observations.

    关键词： Laser therapy,Port wine stain,Vascular thermal effect,755 nm lasers

    更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57

  • A minimally invasive technique for serial intraosseous perfusion measurements in the murine tibia using laser Doppler flowmetry

    摘要： In biomedical and preclinical research, the current standard method for measuring blood perfusion inside murine bone, radiolabeled microspheres, is a terminal procedure that cannot be used to monitor longitudinal perfusion changes. Laser Doppler ?owmetry (LDF) can assess perfusion within the proximal tibial metaphysis of mice in vivo but requires a surgical procedure to place the measurement probe directly onto the bone surface. Sustained in?ammation for over a month following this technique was previously reported, and previous studies have used LDF as an endpoint-only procedure. We developed a modi?ed, minimally invasive LDF procedure to measure intraosseous perfusion in the murine tibia without stimulating local or systemic in?ammation or inducing gait abnormalities. This modi?ed technique can be used to measure perfusion weekly for up to at least a month in the murine tibia.

    关键词： Vascular supply,In vivo,Bone blood ?ow

    更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57

  • New technology for coagulation of dilated vessels using the combined effects of several modes of generation and wavelengths in one laser pulse for the treatment of pediatric hemangiomas: Open prospective study

    摘要： An open, prospective, nonrandomized study of 122 children with infantile hemangiomas aged 1 to 24 months was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treatment with multiline laser equipment using the Nd:YAP Q-Sw/KTP emitters with the combined use of two wavelengths of 1079/540 nm. The average age of the children was (6.3 ± 0.3) months, 22 of them were boys (18.0%) and 100 were girls (82.0%). An erythometry and ultrasound examination were performed to determine the depth of the neoplasm, to assess its blood flow, and the presence and diameter of the supply vessels. Studies of these indicators were conducted for patients before and after the treatment. Laser treatment was performed on 109 patients with 119 hemangiomas. A total of 81 superficial hemangiomas underwent a short course of laser therapy (2-5 procedures) and remaining patients with 38 combined hemangiomas received a long course of laser treatment, consisting of 6 to 10 procedures. Restoration of normal color, skin relief, and the absence of scars were noted in post-treatment sample on evaluation. After the course of treatment, erythometry readings corresponded to the values of normal skin and decreased to 110 to 80 cu. Ultrasound examination showed vascular formation and feed vessels were not visualized.

    关键词： skin hemangiomas,Nd:YAP,vascular,infantile hemangioma,KTP laser,childhood hemangioma

    更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57

  • Management of oral vascular anomalies with diode laser: report of 2 clinical cases

    摘要： Purpose This article reports the usefulness of a 980-nm diode laser (Simpler, Dr Smile) for the treatment of oral cavity vascular abnormalities. Introduction Vascular abnormalities are common vascular lesions characterized by elevated, usually, dome-shaped papules. These range in color from dark blue to dark purple and are seen more frequently in elderly patients. They often occur as single lesions on the lips, cheeks, and tongue. Although these lesions are usually asymptomatic, they can bleed if injured. Case report The first case is about a 42-year-old woman referred for evaluation of a facial and oral bluish lesion. Clinically, we diagnosed this extensive lesion as an acquired hemangioma. Under local anesthesia (Mepivacaine), we performed a photocoagulation of the lesion using a 980-nm diode laser (Dr Smile) in noncontact mode (2 mm of focal distance) with a 300-nm fiber, continues mode, 1.5 W power, during 1 min. The session was repeated 15 days later. After 6 weeks, wound healing was completed uneventfully. The second case is about a woman, aged 54, sent by a colleague for a purplish lesion on the inner side of the left cheek. Clinically, we diagnosed venous malformation. With the same diode (980 nm), we worked 2–3 mm away from the surface of the lesion, with a power of 4 W in continuous mode, under local anesthesia (Mepivacaine). The patient received only one session. The following controls at 10, 20, and 30 days showed the persistence of an ulceration which healed after 40 days. Conclusion The patients had no complications during the laser sessions, and their postoperative period was uneventful. We, therefore, concluded that the diode is an excellent therapeutic alternative in the treatment of oral cavity venous malformations.

    关键词： Venous malformation,Photocoagulation,Vascular abnormality,Hemangioma,Diode laser

    更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57

  • Serum VEGF and Ang-2 Levels in Infants Before and After Laser Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity

    摘要： Objectives: To investigate VEGF and Ang-2 level changes in the systemic circulation after laser photocoagulation in premature infants with ROP. Methods: Eleven infants (4 girls and 7 boys) had serum levels determined for VEGF and Ang-2, collected 1 day prior to and 7 days after ROP laser therapy. Serum levels of VEGF and Ang-2 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Serum VEGF levels were significantly lower at 7 days after laser therapy compared to that at 1 day prior to laser therapy (p ? 0.045). Serum Ang-2 levels increased significantly at 7 days after laser therapy compared with that at 1 day prior to laser therapy (p ? 0.046). Conclusions: Serum VEGF levels in patients with ROP were suppressed and Ang-2 levels elevated significantly after laser therapy. The results suggest that changes in VEGF and Ang-2 serum levels may reflect regression and treatment of ROP.

    关键词： angiopoietin 2,premature infants,serum levels,Retinopathy of prematurity,vascular endothelial growth factor

    更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57

  • Treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration with anti-VEGF agents: retrospective analysis of 5-year outcomes

    摘要： Purpose: To evaluate the 5-year results obtained in clinical practice in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with anti-VEGF agents. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with nAMD who initiated anti-VEGF treatment before October 2009. We collected data regarding visual and anatomical outcomes. Results: A total of 278 patients met the selection criteria. The mean number of intravitreal injections was 5.7 in the first year and 3.7 in the fifth year. A positive mean visual acuity variation of +3.7 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters occurred in the first year, but no significant differences relative to baseline were observed thereafter. The majority of patients (71%) maintained stable visual acuity throughout follow-up. At 5 years, mean central macular thickness remained substantially inferior to baseline (-96.6 μm), and 56% of patients maintained dry retinas. Conclusion: Anti-VEGF therapy leads to long-term visual stabilization in the great majority of patients.

    关键词： visual acuity,vascular endothelial growth factor,choroidal neovascularization,age-related macular degeneration

    更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36

  • Physician, patient, and caregiver experience of different wet age-related macular degeneration anti-VEGF treatment regimens in Japan: a qualitative assessment

    摘要： Purpose: The purpose of this study was to monitor anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment regimens for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) in clinical practice and to determine how they impact the physician, patient, and caregiver treatment experience. Materials and methods: This was a qualitative analysis based on semistructured interviews with 20 ophthalmologists who had practiced both pro re nata (PRN) and treat-and-extend (T&E) anti-VEGF regimens for wAMD. Interview questions were constructed to assess how the different regimens affected patient and caregiver experiences (in the opinion of the ophthalmologist) in addition to the ophthalmologist’s own experience. The interview included questions relating to 1) issues and benefits of PRN and T&E; 2) logistical and operational issues of introducing proactive therapy, especially T&E, to PRN practice; and 3) actions taken to handle the issues raised in 2). Results: A total of 18 interview results were eligible for analysis. The study demonstrated that the benefits of T&E compared with PRN included decreased burden of patient consultations, decreased patient and caregiver emotional burden, and a sustained period of macular dryness. The issues associated with T&E were increased number of injections and financial burden from prolonged treatment duration. The ophthalmologists also experienced difficulty explaining the significance of proactive injections to patients. Countermeasures to operational issues experienced by ophthalmologists varied by practice. Conclusion: Patients, caregivers, and the practicing ophthalmologists experienced benefits associated with a T&E regimen. However, in order to encourage better understanding of the T&E regimen, including its smooth implementation and significance for patients, a formal T&E treatment guideline providing standard practice should be considered.

    关键词： wAMD patient experience,wet age-related macular degeneration,anti-VEGF as-needed,anti-vascular growth factor,anti-VEGF treat-and-extend

    更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36

  • A Novel Weighted Integral Energy Functional (WIEF) Algorithm: Augmented Reality (AR) for Visualising the Blood Vessels in Breast Implant Surgeries

    摘要： The use of Augmented Reality (AR) for visualising blood vessels in surgery is still at the experimental stage and has not been implemented due to limitations in terms of accuracy and processing time. The AR also hasn't applied in breast surgeries yet. As there is a need for a plastic surgeon to see the blood vessels before he cuts the breast and before putting the implant, this paper aims to improve the accuracy of augmented videos in visualising blood vessels during Breast Implant Surgery. The proposed system consists of a Weighted Integral Energy Functional (WIFE) algorithm to increase the accuracy of the augmented view in visualising the occluded blood vessels that covered by fat in the operating room. The results on breast area shows that the proposed algorithm improves video accuracy in terms of registration error to 0.32 mm and processing time to 23 sec compared to the state-of-the-art method. The proposed system focuses on increasing the accuracy in augmented view in visualising blood vessels during Breast Implant Surgery as it reduces the registration error. Thus, this study concentrates on looking at the feasibility of the use of Augmented Reality technology in Breast Augmentation surgeries.

    关键词： Breast Augmentation,Augmented Reality,Random Decision Forests,Surgical Planning,Vascular Pulsation,Wavelet Decomposition

    更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36

  • Visible-light-initiated Sonogashira coupling reactions over CuO/TiO <sub/>2</sub> nanocomposites

    摘要： Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) shows multiple biological activities including anti-oxidation and anti-proliferation in various diseases. However, the function of MLB in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of MLB on hypoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the underlying mechanisms. SD rats (or PASMCs) were exposed to 10% O2 for 3 weeks ( or 3% O2 for 48h) along with MLB or NADPH oxidase （NOX） inhibitor intervention. The effects of MLB on hemodynamics, pulmonary vascular remodeling and phenotypic transformation of PASMCs were observed first. Then, its effects on the protein levels of NOX (NOX2 and NOX4), ERK and p-ERK were examined. The results showed that MLB prevented the elevation in right ventricular systolic pressure and the increase in ratio of wall thickness to vessel external diameter of pulmonary arteries in PAH rats, and attenuated phenotypic transformation of PASMCs (decrease in α-smooth muscle actin while increase in osteopontin), accompanied by downregulation of NOX (NOX2 and NOX4) protein levels, decrease of ROS and H2O2 production, and suppression of the phosphorylation of ERK. NOX inhibitor (VAS2870) achieved similar results to that of MLB did in the hypoxia-treated PASMCs. Based on the observations, we conclude that MLB is able to prevent phenotypic transformation of pulmonary arteries in hypoxic PAH rats through suppression of NOX/ROS/ERK pathway, and MLB might have the potentials in PAH therapy.

    关键词： pulmonary vascular remodeling,pulmonary arterial hypertension,Magnesium lithospermate B,NADPH oxidase,phenotypic transformation

    更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36

  • Choroidal structure in subtypes of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy determined by binarization of optical coherence tomographic images

    摘要： Importance: Chorodial structure in subtypes of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Background: To evaluate choroidal vascularity in the eyes of patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with and without choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH). Design: A hospital-based retrospective study. Participants: Fifty-eight PCV patients (28 with CVH; 30 without CVH) and 30 normal controls were included in this study. Methods: All study subjects underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging, and the choroidal images were binarized into the luminal area and stromal area. Main outcome measures: Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT). Results: Compared to normal controls, patients with PCV showed no obvious difference in SFCT (p = 0.510), but significantly lower CVI (p = 0.003). Among PCV patients, the CVI in eyes with CVH was significantly greater than that in those without CVH (65.78 ± 4.70 vs. 62.28 ± 3.90; p = 0.002), and a significant difference in SFCT was also found between the two subtypes of PCV (340.8 ± 89.2 vs. 250.4 ± 67.7; p < 0.001). Conclusions and Relevance: PCV eyes with CVH have a greater CVI and a thicker SFCT than those without CVH. The significant differences in choroidal vascularity between the two subtypes of PCV may broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and contribute to significant improvements in treatment.

    关键词： polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy,choroidal thickness,optical coherence tomography,choroidal vascular hyperpermeability,Choroidal vascularity index

    更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36