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Simple fabrication of perovskite solar cells with enhanced efficiency, stability, and flexibility under ambient air
摘要： In order to increase the applicability and commercial potential of perovskite solar cells, simple fabrication of high-photovoltaic-performance flexible perovskite solar cells with excellent moisture stabilities without the use of a glove-box and an antisolvent is required. In this paper, we present a simple fabrication strategy involving introduction of 4-tert-butylpyridine into CH3NH3PbI3 and significantly enhancing 4-tert-butylpyridine morphology-modifying effect via a reduction-active flexible poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) interlayer. Owing to the specific oxidation facilitation by the poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) polymer, a perovskite film with large (~1 μm) and quasi-all-in-one-structured grains can be obtained, which significantly enhance the efficiency and the stability of the perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, the high-efficiency flexible perovskite solar cells fabricated by the simple strategy exhibit excellent moisture resistances owing to the stronger coordination and the outside-covering effect of the hydrophobic 4-tert-butylpyridine. The fabrication can be carried out under ambient air (without glovebox, relative humidity > 40%), which paves the way for wearable device application and commercialization.
关键词： Flexible perovskite solar cells,Ambient-air fabrication,Morphology-modifying,Moisture stability,4-tert-butylpyridine
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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TBP precursor agent passivated ZnO electron transport layer for highly efficient polymer solar cells
摘要： Defects passivation in electron transport layer (ETL) is a key issue to optimize the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a novel strategy is developed to form defects passivated ZnO ETL by introducing 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) agent into precursor. While the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the inverted PSCs based poly{4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophene-4,6-diyl}:[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PC71BM) with the pure ZnO ETL is 8.02%, that of the device with modified ZnO ETL is dramatically improved to 10.26%, with TBP accounting for ~28% efficiency improvement. Our study demonstrates that the precursor agent significantly affect the surface morphology and size of ZnO in ETL. Furthermore, it proves that the ZnO ETL with TBP (T-ZnO) is beneficial to polish interfacial contact between ETL and active layer and depress exciton quenching loss, resulting in enhanced exciton dissociation, efficient carrier collection and reduced charge recombination, thus improving the device performance. To verify the universality of T-ZnO ETL, the champion photovoltaic performance with a PCE of 11.74% (10% improvement) are obtained in the PBDB-T-2F:IT-4F based nonfullerene PSCs using T-ZnO as ETL. Our work developed a new, universal and facile strategy for designing highly efficient PSCs based on fullerene and nonfullerene blend systems.
关键词： Electron transport layer,4-tert-butylpyridine,ZnO,Defects passivation,Polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Alkaline-Earth Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) Additives for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Environmental instability of Spiro-OMeTAD-based hole transport layer (HTL) caused due to rapid aggregation and hydration of its additive, Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI), gives rise to an accelerated degradation of the resulting perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we show that replacing the Li-TFSI with the more hydrophobic alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide additives, namely Mg-TFSI2 and Ca-TFSI2, can effectively stabilize the coordination complexes between the TFSI-salts and 4-tert-Butylpyridine, which in turn results in retarded additive aggregation and hydration, enabling enhanced moisture-resistance of the subsequent HTLs. Moreover, by manipulating this substitution method, we achieved high-quality HTLs with increased hole mobility, better-formed interface with the adjacent perovskite, allowing improved hole extraction process. Incorporating these HTLs into photovoltaic devices, we obtained a substantial performance improvement, with the champion PSC yielded a power conversion efficiency of over 20%. In addition, un-encapsulated devices stabilized by the alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide additive maintained 83% its initial efficiency for 193 days after aging in ambient air (RH% = 55-70%).
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,4-tert-Butylpyridine,environmental stability,alkaline-earth bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide),hole transport layer,charge transfer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Direct experimental evidence for the adsorption of 4-tert-butylpyridine and 2,2′-bipyridine on TiO2 surface and their influence on dye-sensitized solar cells’ performance
摘要： We have investigated the binding of two electrolyte additives, 4-tert-butylpyridine (4-TBP) and 2,2’-bipyridine (bipy), to the surface of TiO2 photo-anode by attenuated total reflection – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); zeta potential; cyclic voltammetry analyses, and explained how the adsorption affects photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC). To clarify whether the adsorption of 4-TBP/bipy on TiO2 surface affects the DSC performance, DSC devices were fabricated with non-grafted and 4-TBP or bipy grafted TiO2 photo-anodes, with application of two types of electrolytes with and without the nitrogen additives. Furthermore, the interaction between 4-TBP or bipy with the electrolyte mediator I-/I3- was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that 4-TBP and bipy were able to bind chemically to TiO2 surface at elevated temperatures. DSC prepared with N-additive grafted TiO2 photo-anodes had lower short current and efficiencies than non-grafted cells. The open circuit voltage (Voc) was, however, increased 110 mV for 4-TBP grafted cells with 0.5 M 4-TBP in the electrolyte. One third of the overall increase in Voc was estimated to be due to the adsorption of the 4-TBP to the TiO2 surface. The remaining Voc increase was due to effects of 4-TBP on the electrolyte mediator.
关键词： N-additive,4-tert-butylpyridine,dye-sensitized solar cell,2,2’-bipyridine,TiO2 adsorption
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04