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High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells using 4-Diaminomethylbenzoic as Passivant
摘要： Grain boundaries (GBs) and interface passivation of perovskite films impact the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) dramatically. Here, an efficient passivation strategy using 4-Diaminomethylbenzoic (4-DA) followed by thermal annealing treatment is proposed to improve the performance of PSCs. We have systemically investigate the impact of 4-DA on the physical properties of perovskite layer and corresponding performance of the inverted PSCs. The results show that the contact between crystalline grains are improved, and high quality MAPbI3 films are successfully prepared, which result in the elimination of the trap states and enhanced performance of the devices. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.58% is achieved in this work. Meanwhile, the devices show enhanced stability and the average PCE values almost maintained the same after 168 hours storage without any encapsulation. The passivation method developed in this work shows a novel strategy toward the fabrication of inverted PSCs with high efficiency and high stability.
关键词： passivation strategy,trap states,inverted perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Spontaneous Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cells by Titanium Tetrafluoride
摘要： The e?ciency, stability, and scalability of perovskite devices still require further enhancement for real-world application. Defect passivation has been recognized as one prominent strategy that can simultaneously promote the optoelectronic performance and stability of perovskite devices. Here, we demonstrate an additive, titanium tetra?uoride (TiF4), which could spontaneously enrich at perovskite interfaces and passivate the nearby charge traps e?caciously. Consequently, a power conversion e?ciency of 20.19% was attained on the basis of the passivated device with TiF4, about 22% enhancement over that of the control device without TiF4. Moreover, the moisture stability of PSCs with TiF4 was signi?cantly enhanced.
关键词： interface,additive,titanium tetra?uoride,perovskite,passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Zwitterion-Stabilizing Scalable Bladed ?±-Phase Cs <sub/>0.1</sub> FA <sub/>0.9</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub> Films for Efficient Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention as a prominent photovoltaic technology, yet the state-of-the-art PSCs still contain thermally unstable methylammonium (MA) cations and use laboratory-level assembly methods, making the device's stability and scalability challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a generic zwitterion-assisted strategy to improve the efficiency and stability of formamidinium (FA)-based PSCs made by scalable blade-coating technique. The zwitterion, 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate (PPS), plays dual roles in effectively suppressing the formation of undesirable δ-phase and passivating the trap states of FA-based perovskite films. As a consequence, uniform FA-based perovskite films with area as large as 16 cm2 were successfully obtained and the small-area (0.1 cm2) device incorporating PPS achieved a champion efficiency up to 18.9%, as well as enabled a best efficiency of 16.2% for large-area (1 cm2) device. More importantly, unencapsulated devices with PPS also exhibited superior thermal and moisture stability, remaining at 88% of initial efficiency after aging in air for 1000 h. This methodology provides a low-cost and facile pathway to realize the synergistic effect of crystallization modulation and defect passivation for large-scale perovskite devices with excellent optoelectronic performance and stability.
关键词： formamidinium-based films,perovskite solar cell,blade-coating,stability,defect passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Synchronous surface and bulk composition management for red-shifted light absorption and suppressed interfacial recombination in perovskite solar cells
摘要： Organic small molecules ammonium halide salts (AHSs) are widely used to suppress the non-radiative charge recombination of solution-processed halide perovskite films with defective surface and unfavorable energy level for enhanced photovoltage, but more often than not at a cost of enlarging the bandgap of perovskite materials, which limits the light absorption and thus photocurrent density. In addition, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding and visual characterization of the surface and bulk composition change upon subsequent surface treatment with heterogeneous ingredients. Herein, we report and identify that AHS soaking treatment enables the formation of δ-FAPbI3 on the surface of the perovskite film for defect passivation function, thus reducing the interfacial recombination loss and increasing photovoltage. Meanwhile, the AHS molecules diffuse and alloy with the bulk perovskite material to reduce the bandgap, red-shifting the absorption region and thus increasing the photocurrent. Blade-coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared via AHS treatment achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.9% with a high open-circuit voltage (Voc) up to 1.18 V under AM 1.5G sun illumination, which is remarkably higher than the pristine PSCs without any treatment (19.2%), and outperforms other blade-coated PSCs, regardless of their perovskite compositions. Surface treatment of perovskite films with functional, organic small molecules is a promising strategy for rational composition management and favorable gradient distribution, which are beneficial for realizing efficient and stable PSCs.
关键词： light absorption,perovskite,charge transfer,defect passivation,solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Evaluating the role of phenethylamine iodide as a novel anti-solvent for enhancing performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much interest due to their improved operational stability in the past few years. However, despite the recent advances of their performance, they still suffer from low power conversion efficiencies with a reduced open-circuit voltage (Voc), as compared to PSCs with a regular structure, due to the presence of defect states. In this work, a promising and more effective strategy than the typical post-treatment passivation method is demonstrated for the decrease of nonradiative recombination in quadruple-cation RbCsMAFA inverted PSCs, through the employment of phenethylammonium iodide in the anti-solvent deposition step during the perovskite formation. As a result, a Voc value as high as 1.17 V is achieved, while control devices (where the typical chlorobenzene anti-solvent was used) exhibited a significantly lower Voc of 1.09 V. Additionally, the devices exhibited high moisture stability by maintaining nearly 80% of their initial efficiency for over 500 h exposure in ambient conditions.
关键词： efficiency,nonradiative recombination,perovskite solar cells,passivation,PEAI
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Multifunctional Phosphorusa??Containing Lewis Acid and Base Passivation Enabling Efficient and Moisturea??Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Multiple-cation lead mixed-halide perovskites (MLMPs) have been recognized as ideal candidates in perovskite solar cells in terms of high efficiency and stability due to decreased open-circuit voltage loss and suppressed yellow phase formation. However, they still suffer from an unsatisfactory long-term moisture stability. In this study, phosphorus-containing Lewis acid and base molecules are employed to improve device efficiency and stability based on their multifunction including recombination reduction, phase segregation suppression, and moisture resistance. The strong fluorine-containing Lewis acid treatment can achieve a champion PCE of 22.02%. Unencapsulated and encapsulated devices retain 63% and 80% of the initial efficiency after 14 days of aging under 75% and 85% relative humidity, respectively. The better passivation of Lewis acid implies more halide defects than Pb defects at the MLMP surface. This unbalanced defect type results from phase segregation that is the synergistic effect of Cs and halide ion migrations. Identifying defect type based on different passivation effects is beneficial to not only choose suitable passivators to boost the efficiency and slow down the moisture degradation of MLMP solar cells, but also to understand the mechanism of defect-assisted moisture degradation.
关键词： lewis acids,trap passivation,moisture stable solar cells,multiple-cation lead mixed-halide perovskites,phase segregation,lewis bases
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells by Reducing Interfacea??Mediated Recombination: a Bulky Amine Approach
摘要： The presence of non-radiative recombination at the perovskite surface/interface limits the overall efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Surface passivation has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to suppress such recombination in Si cells. Here, 1-naphthylmethylamine iodide (NMAI) is judiciously selected to passivate the surface of the perovskite film. In contrast to the popular phenylethylammonium iodide, NMAI post-treatment primarily leaves NMAI salt on the surface of the perovskite film. The formed NMAI layer not only efficiently decreases the defect-assisted recombination for chemical passivation, but also retards the charge accumulation of energy level mis-alignment for vacuum level bending and prevents minority carrier recombination due to the charge-blocking effect. Consequently, planar PSCs with high efficiency of 21.04% and improved long-term stability (98.9% of the initial efficiency after 3240 h) are obtained. Moreover, open-circuit voltage as high as 1.20 V is achieved at the absorption threshold of 1.61 eV, which is among the highest reported values in planar PSCs. This work provides new insights into the passivation mechanisms of organic ammonium salts and suggests future guidelines for developing improved passivation layers.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,energy level alignment,1-naphthylmethylamine iodide,non-radiative recombination,chemical passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of temperature on the performance of perovskite solar cells
摘要： The poor stability of perovskite solar cells is a crucial obstacle for its commercial applications. Here, we investigate the thermal stability of the mixed cation organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites (FAPbI3)1?xMAPb(Br3?yCly)x films and devices in air atmosphere. The results show that with the increase of heat treatment from 25 to 250 °C, the MA-perovskite decomposed into PbI2 firstly and the efficiency of corresponding solar cells reduced linearly. For the perovskite film, the increased heat treatment temperature can bring the redshift of the absorption edge leading to the decrease of band gap from 1.569 to 1.508 eV and increase of defect density from 3.87 × 1017 cm?3 to 9.03 × 1017 cm?3. However, a proper heat treatment time (10 min) at certain temperature (85 °C) can passivate defects effectively and improve the efficiency to 16.50%, realizing a 15% relative improvement of average efficiency. This work reveals a detailed thermal decomposition behavior of perovskite material and solar cells, which may provide insights into the stability of perovskite solar cells.
关键词： defect passivation,heat treatment,perovskite solar cells,thermal stability,mixed cation organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Quantum size effect and surface defect passivation in size-controlled CsPbBr3 quantum dots
摘要： Luminescent CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) with adjustable size and bandgap were grown by controlling the synthesis temperature in this paper. As the synthesis temperature increases, the QD size becomes larger and then smaller. The corresponding absorption and steady-state photoluminescence spectrum indicate that the QD band gap becomes smaller and then larger, which is a typical quantum confinement effect. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectrum and femtosecond transient absorption spectrum (fs-TAS) show that the non-radiative recombination probability of photocarriers in small QDs is small it has few defects, indicating that the ligand molecules adsorbed on the surface of QDs effectively passivate the surface defects of CsPbBr3. Finally, the hot-phonon bottleneck effect of CsPbBr3 QDs is revealed by the kinetic curves fitting of fs-TAS and the cooling kinetic process of hot carriers is also discussed in detail. This work provides new insights on size-dependent photophysical properties of CsPbBr3 QDs.
关键词： Quantum confinement effect,Metal halide perovskite QDs,Defect passivation,Hot carriers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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TiO2 Passivation Layer on ZnO Hollow Microspheres for Quantum Dots Sensitized Solar Cells with Improved Light Harvesting and Electron Collection
摘要： Light harvesting and electron recombination are essential factors that influence photovoltaic performance of quantum dots sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). ZnO hollow microspheres (HMS) as architectures in QDSSCs are beneficial in improving light scattering, facilitating the enhancement of light harvesting efficiency. However, this advantage is greatly weakened by defects located at the surface of ZnO HMS. Therefore, we prepared a composite hollow microsphere structure consisting of ZnO HMS coated by TiO2 layer that is obtained by immersing ZnO HMS architectures in TiCl4 aqueous solution. This TiO2-passivated ZnO HMS architecture is designed to yield good light harvesting, reduced charge recombination, and longer electron lifetime. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of QDSSC reaches to 3.16% with an optimal thickness of TiO2 passivation layer, which is much higher when compared to 1.54% for QDSSC based on bare ZnO HMS.
关键词： TiO2 passivation layer,quantum dots sensitized solar cells,ZnO hollow microspheres
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57