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Influence of fungal infection on plant tissues: FTIR detects compositional changes to plant cell walls
摘要： Compositional change in plant cell walls as a result of infection by non-host (putative) endophytes and a host pathogen were studied by quantifying plant cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) produced by these fungi, and by detecting cell wall changes via Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and relative lignin/carbohydrate intensity ratios. Oil palm ramets were first inoculated with homogenized fungal suspension. The treated fungal suspensions were assayed for CWDEs whereas the ramets were powderized for FTIR analysis. Results revealed that putative endophytes and host pathogen expressed all CWDEs, suggesting their probable roles in infection and colonization. Following inoculation, plant cell wall composition showed missing dips in spectra depicting changes to carbohydrate, xylan and lignin constituents. The indistinguishable FTIR spectra for putative endophyte-inoculated and pathogen-inoculated ramets suggest that both endophytes and pathogen have elicited similar responses to plant cell walls. Relative lignin/carbohydrate ratios further demonstrated that the putative endophytes did not breakdown lignin and carbohydrate, further exemplifying the non-pathogenic and asymptomatic infection by the endophytes. This study presents the influence of putative endophytes on plant tissues of oil palm, and how this compared to pathogenic infection.
关键词： FTIR,Endophytes,Detection,Colonization,Ganoderma boninense,Cell wall
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Optical study of laser biospeckle activity in leaves of Jatropha curcas L.: a non-invasive and indirect assessment of foliar endophyte colonization
摘要： Currently, the detection of endophytic fungi is mostly determined by invasive methods, including direct isolation of fungal organisms from plant tissue in growth media, molecular detection of endophytic fungi DNA from plant material by PCR, or evaluation using microscopy techniques. In this work, we explore the potential of laser biospeckle activity (LBSA) for the detection of endophytic colonization of leaves of a promising energy crop, Jatropha curcas L. We compared the laser biospeckle activity of endophyte infected and uninfected J. curcas leaves. The differences between blade and veins (including midrib) of the studied leaves were validated and growth parameters of the studied plants were also analyzed using the normalized weighted generalized differences coefficient (nWGD), which characterizes a particular laser bioactivity behavior. The obtained results showed a relationship between the endophytic burden of leaves and the LBSA, suggesting that LBSA is a useful tool to indirectly detect endophytic colonization in situ. Also, the increased water movements inside leaves promoted by endophytic colonization could be explained by the obtained data.
关键词： Foliar endophyte colonization,Jatropha curcas,Water movement,Laser biospeckle activity,Normalized weighted generalized differences
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59