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Treatment of Hypertrophic Burn and Traumatic Scars With a 2,940-nm Fractional Ablative Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser
摘要： BACKGROUND In recent years, fractional ablative lasers at low density have proven to be the centerpiece in a multimodality approach to treating hypertrophic burn scars. OBJECTIVE To determine the safety and efficacy of fractional ablative erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser in the treatment of hypertrophic burn scars. METHODS Eleven patients received 3 fractional ablative Er:YAG laser to hypertrophic burn scars at 400 to 800 mm, density 11%, no coagulation, and single pass at 4-week intervals. RESULTS Overall, average improvement was noted to be 2.27 of 3 as determined by blinded observers. A significant improvement was noted in all measured parameters including dyschromia, atrophy hypertrophy, vascularity, and texture. CONCLUSION This is a pilot study showing the safety and efficacy of fractional ablative Er:YAG laser treatment is a safe and effective treatment modality in the treatment of hypertrophic scars.
关键词： laser therapy,scar treatment,fractional ablative Er:YAG laser,hypertrophic burn scars
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Long Term Follow-up of Intralesional Laser Photocoagulation for Head and Neck Lymphatic Malformations Using Neodymium-Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet Laser
摘要： Lymphatic malformations remain a challenge for patients and plastic surgeons. Promising results have been reported using intralesional laser photocoagulation (ILP) for treating vascular anomalies. The objective of our study is to review the long-term results of a large series of lymphatic malformations in patients treated with ILP. A retrospective review of 190 head and neck lymphatic malformations in patients were treated by ILP with an neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) over a period of 20 years (January 1997–January 2016). Patients' ages ranged from 10 months to 12 years and 6 months (mean, 1 year and 11 months). The patient group consisted of 98 female and 92 male patients. Patients were treated with an Nd:YAG laser (Sharplan Inc, Allendale, New Jersey) delivered through a 600-μm optical fiber. Laser power was set at 7 to 15 W and delivered with a pulse duration of 7 to 15 seconds. All patients demonstrated improvement as judged by clinical assessment of the reduction in lesion size (range, 65%–100%; mean reduction, 85%). One hundred fifty-two (80%) patients had a more than 65% reduction of the volume in lymphatic malformations at 3 months after 1 treatment, and 171 (90%) patients had a more than 85% reduction of the volume after 2 treatments. Excellent results were seen in 19 (10%) patients after 3 treatments. Postoperative complications were related to photocoagulation that was delivered too extensively or superficially, with resultant ulceration, infection, induration, and scarring. Throughout the course of our long-term study, ILP using an Nd:YAG laser is an effective treatment modality for lymphatic malformations. Complications can be avoided if the potential for harm is kept in mind.
关键词： lymphatic malformation,Nd:YAG laser,intralesional laser photocoagulation (ILP)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Cytotoxic Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanaoparticles Synthesized by Laser Technique on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes and Hep-2 Cell Line
摘要： Objective: This study assay the toxic effects of titani-um dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on peripheral blood lymphocytes and Hep-2 cell by measuring Mitotic Index (MI), Blastogenic Index (BI), Total Chromosomal Aberration (TCA) and growth rate of cancer cells. Methods: TiO2NPs were synthesized using laser tech-nique by ablation of titanium target immersed in dis-tilled de-ionized water (DDW) using Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser with repetition rate of 1 Hz, wavelength of 1064 nm, 300 pulses and energy of 400 mJ. Chro-mosomal analyses were carried out at different con-centrations of synthesized TiO2 NPs (0.0, 45, 90, and 180) μg/mL. Results: X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibited anatase phase of prepared TiO2NPs and showed that the crys-talline structures of TiO2NPs is tetragonal. Absorption spectrum of TiO2 NPs was at ultraviolet-region 215 nm due to Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), and the par-ticles size distribution of the prepared TiO2NPs ranged from 40 to 110 nm. Finding showed that both MI and BI suffered from high reduction while TCA suffered from significant elevation represented by Chromatid Breaks (CB), Micronuclei (MN) and Ring Chromosome (RC). The highest proportion of (TCA) has been observed in 180 μg/mL of TiO2NPs, (significant at p≤0.05). while the toxic effects of prepared TiO2NPs on Hep-2 cell line represent decline in growth rate with an increase in concentration of TiO2NPs with malformation in the cell structure and shape and placement of the nucleus. Conclusion: The ablation via Q-switched Nd: YAG laser has adequacy to prepare TiO2NPs with 215 nm absorption spectrum, nearly spherical particles and suitable particle size (40-110 nm). In vitro assay showed that prepared TiO2 NPs have significant cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood lymphocyte and Hep-2 cell line by reduction in both Mitotic index (MI) and blasto-genic index (BI) and growth rate of cancer cells.
关键词： Titanium Dioxide Nanaoparticles,Hep-2 cell line,Mitotic Index,Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser,Chromosomal Aberration,Blastogenic Index
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Mild accidental macular injury induced by picosecond Nd:YAG laser
摘要： Accidental laser-associated ophthalmic complications are rare disorders which were first described in 1965 by Rathkey as a ‘laser burn’ of the macula. Most reported ophthalmic complications have been induced by nanosecond neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Several studies have reported that most nanosecond Nd:YAG laser-associated ophthalmic complications are choroidal neovascularisation, macular hole, and vitreous haemorrhage. These complications also have been reported as poor prognosis of visual function. Few reports appear to have described picosecond Nd:YAG laser-associated ophthalmic complications. In this report, a case of mild ophthalmic complications of subretinal and choroidal haemorrhage due to accidental picosecond Nd:YAG laser irradiation is described.
关键词： optical coherence tomography,angiography,picosecond Nd:YAG laser,ophthalmic complications
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Clinical evaluation of multiple peri-implant bony defect management by Er:YAG laser-assisted bone regenerative therapy
摘要： Conventional mechanical debridement is the main procedure for treating plaque-induced peri-implantitis, such as using plastic/metallic curettes, sand blasting machines, polishing by rubber cup/pumice powder, ultrasonic scalers, and titanium brushes. However, it is difficult to completely remove bacterial plaque with these instruments, especially in the micro-threads area. Recently, use of Er:YAG laser in dental field has increased for periodontal and peri-implantitis therapy, because Er:YAG laser is able to effectively ablate soft and hard tissues as well as calculus, and it can effectively debride the titanium surface with minimal thermal damage under suitable energy output. Meanwhile, the blood clot forming in the superficial areas of grafted bone by Er:YAG laser irradiation without water spray is useful for bone regenerative procedure, which is so called the Er:YAG laser-assisted bone regenerative therapy (Er-LBRT) developed by Taniguchi et al. This case report demonstrated a perspective option for implant surface debridement and simultaneously bone regeneration by Er-LBRT technique without usage of membrane coverage.
关键词： implant surface debridement,bone regenerative therapy,peri-implantitis,Er:YAG laser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Study of Laser Beam Welding, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding and High Temperature Brazing Processes on Micro hardness and Tensile Strength of AISI Type 316 Stainless Steel
摘要： Thin wall joints for elevated temperature (~550 °C) applications can be prepared by Laser Beam Welding (LBW), Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) and High Temperature Brazing (HTB) methods. The joints have been made and tests such as helium leak test (HLT), micro hardness test and tensile test were carried out. A study has been performed on these joining techniques to recognize the suitable method for high temperature applications. No observable leak was identified during HLT. Microstructures shows dissimilarity in solidification morphology due to disparity in heat sources. It has been identified that the joint made by brazing process having higher micro hardness value. Further, it has been observed that LBW joints have better mechanical properties than GTAW joints and HTB joints.
关键词： GTAW,Micro hardness,AISI 316 stainless steels,Tensile properties,High temperature brazing,Microstructures,Nd:YAG Laser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Assessment of Vitreous Structure and Visual Function after Neodymium:Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser Vitreolysis
摘要： Purpose: Neodymium:yttriumealuminumegarnet (Nd:YAG) laser treatment is performed on vitreous ?oaters, but studies of structural and functional effects with objective outcome measures are lacking. This study evaluated Nd:YAG laser effects by comparing participants with vitreous ?oaters who previously underwent laser treatment with untreated control participants and healthy persons without vitreous ?oaters using quantitative ultrasonography to evaluate vitreous structure and by measuring visual acuity and contrast sensitivity function to assess vision. Design: Retrospective, comparative study. Participants: One eye was enrolled for each of 132 participants: 35 control participants without vitreous ?oaters, 59 participants with untreated vitreous ?oaters, and 38 participants with vitreous ?oaters previously Nd:YAG-treated. Of these, 25 were dissatis?ed and sought vitrectomy; 13 were satis?ed with observation. Methods: The 39-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-39) to assess participant visual well-being, quantitative ultrasonography (QUS) to measure vitreous echodensity, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) to evaluate vision. Main Outcome Measures: Results of NEI-VFQ-39, QUS, BCVA, and CSF. Results: Compared with control participants without vitreous ?oaters, participants with untreated vitreous ?oaters showed worse NEI-VFQ-39 results, 57% greater vitreous echodensity, and signi?cant (130%) CSF degradation (P < 0.001 for each). Compared with untreated eyes with vitreous ?oaters, Nd:YAG-treated eyes had 23% less vitreous echodensity (P < 0.001), but no differences in NEI-VFQ-39 (P ? 0.51), BCVA (P ? 0.42), and CSF (P ? 0.17) results. Of 38 participants with vitreous ?oaters who previously were treated with Nd:YAG, 25 were dissatis?ed and seeking vitrectomy, whereas 13 were satis?ed with observation. Participants seeking vitrectomy showed 24% greater vitreous echodensity (P ? 0.018) and 52% worse CSF (P ? 0.006). Multivariate linear regression models con?rmed these ?ndings. Conclusions: As a group, participants previously treated with Nd:YAG laser for bothersome vitreous ?oaters showed less dense vitreous, but similar visual function as untreated control participants with vitreous ?oaters. Because some treated eyes showed less dense vitreous and better visual function than those of untreated control participants, a prospective randomized study of Nd:YAG laser treatment of vitreous is warranted, using uniform laser treatment parameters and objective quantitative outcome measures.
关键词： Neodymium:yttriumealuminumegarnet (Nd:YAG) laser,vitreous ?oaters,best-corrected visual acuity,quantitative ultrasonography,contrast sensitivity function
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY: TMREES19Gr - Athens, Greece (4–6 September 2019)] TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY: TMREES19Gr - Effect of laser pulses on ion release behavior of Ti-base alloys
摘要： Modifications achieved by laser irradiation on titanium-base alloys were studied to promote their surface properties in addition to the ion release behavior. Laser pulses was use for three different types of Ti-base alloys; commercial pure Ti alloy, Titanium-Tantalum alloys, and Nickel-Titanium alloys. The alloys were manufactured by using powder technology then the Nd: YAG laser pulses were used. The characterizations of samples have been done which includes; microstructure observation, XRD, surface roughness (AFM), and ion release analysis. The microstructure observation show that the use of Nd: YAG laser pulses was effective method to provide energy focused on one spot especially at the surface which produce complex microstructures and roughening the surfaces to increase effective surface area. XRD showed the sintering process under controlled atmosphere produced samples with complete sintering reaction. AFM results show the same response to the laser irradiation and the slight differences in the roughness values was observed. From the results of ion release analysis it was found that the release of Ti ion rise in first three days and after that released of Ti ions begin to stabilize after the laser pulses. The appearance of a slight differences in the amount of titanium ions that released from the samples for each group was due to the influence of the surface activation process that have been employed as a primary treatment which effect on the stability and thickness of the titanium oxide.
关键词： Ion release,Powder technology,Nd:YAG laser,Advance materials
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Radiation transport and scaling of optical depth in Nd:YAG laser-produced microdroplet-tin plasma
摘要： Experimental scaling relations of the optical depth are presented for the emission spectra of a tin-droplet-based, 1-lm-laser-produced plasma source of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light. The observed changes in the complex spectral emission of the plasma over a wide range of droplet diameters (16–65 lm) and laser pulse durations (5–25 ns) are accurately captured in a scaling relation featuring the optical depth of the plasma as a single, pertinent parameter. The scans were performed at a constant laser intensity of 1.4 (cid:2) 1011 W/cm2, which maximizes the emission in a 2% bandwidth around 13.5 nm relative to the total spectral energy, the bandwidth relevant for industrial EUV lithography. Using a one-dimensional radiation transport model, the relative optical depth of the plasma is found to linearly increase with the droplet size with a slope that increases with the laser pulse duration. For small droplets and short laser pulses, the fraction of light emitted in the 2% bandwidth around 13.5 nm relative to the total spectral energy is shown to reach high values of more than 14%, which may enable conversion ef?ciencies of Nd:YAG laser light into—industrially—useful EUV radiation rivaling those of current state-of-the-art CO2-laser-driven sources.
关键词： microdroplet-tin plasma,Nd:YAG laser,optical depth,radiation transport,extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Evaluation of the Effects of Er:YAG Laser for the De-Epithelialization of the Palatal Graft in the Treatment of Multiple Gingival Recessions: A Randomized Clinical Trial
摘要： Objective: The purposes of this split-mouth pilot study were to investigate the efficacy of the Er:YAG laser use for the de-epithelialization of the palatal graft in the treatment of the multiple gingival recessions using the bilaminar procedure and also to evaluate the patient-reported esthetic outcomes after 6 months. Materials and methods: Five systemically healthy participants with total 28 bilateral-multiple adjacent maxillary Miller I recessions were included. The treatment was performed with the bilaminar technique [coronally advanced flap (CAF)+de-epithelialized free gingival graft]. De-epithelialization procedure was done with scalpel (control site) or Er:YAG laser (Versawave, Hoya ConBio, San Francisco, CA; 40 hz, 50 mJ/pulse), under water irrigation, noncontact mode (*1 mm away from the target tissue) in sweeping motion with chisel-type laser (test site). Root coverage and patient-reported outcomes were evaluated at 6 months after the operations. Results: Clinical outcomes of the both treatment sites did not show any statistically significant differences except for the gingival thickness parameter. However, patient-reported outcomes regarding the esthetic appearance of the gingiva was detected in favor of the Er:YAG laser applied sites. Conclusions: Within the limits of the study, it can be concluded that both de-epithelialization techniques were highly effective at 6 months. However, Er:YAG laser-applied grafted sites revealed more uniform and esthetic gingival appearance compared with scalpel-used grafted sites.
关键词： de-epithelialization,Er:YAG laser,bilaminar technique,gingival recession
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22