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Frequency Calibration and Stabilization of the Cooling Laser of Ytterbium Lattice Clock with Molecular Iodine Spectroscopy
摘要： Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the main bioactive substances of glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, has been reported to exhibit hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of GA in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain elusive. In this study, mice were pretreated with GA (100 mg/kg) three times a day by gavage prior to I/R injury, and then hepatic histopathological damages, biochemical parameters and inflammatory molecules were evaluated. We found that mice performed with liver I/R showed a significantly increase in plasma aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver cell apoptosis and infiltration of neutrophils compared with the control group. GA pretreatment notably improved liver function, histopathology of liver tissues, and lowered liver cell apoptosis and infiltration of neutrophils. Besides, further analysis indicated that GA pretreatment reduced I/R-induced expression of extracellular HMGB1, inhibited activation of TLR4 and following phosphorylation of IRAK1, ERK, P38 and NF-κB, and attenuated TNF-α and IL-1β production. These data suggested that GA protected against liver I/R injury through a HMGB1-TLR4 signaling pathway and it might be a promising drug for future clinical use in liver transplantation.
关键词： Glycyrrhetinic acid,Inflammation,TLR4,Apoptosis,HMGB1,Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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A pH-Responsive Glycyrrhetinic acid-Modified Small Molecular Conjugate for NIR Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
摘要： Herein, we reported a glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)-decorated small molecule conjugate for pH-triggered near infra-red (NIR) fluorescence imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our ‘‘in vitro’’ studies demonstrated that NIR-GA was efficiently up-taken by liver cancer cell lines such as HepG2 and Huh7 through GA receptors-mediated endocytic pathway. As suggested by co-localization studies, NIR-GA mainly localized into the lysosome where acidic pH results in activation of fluorescent dye via H+-triggered spirolactam ring opening to give strong fluorescence in NIR region.
关键词： pH-responsive,Changsha dye,Near-infrared,Glycyrrhetinic acid,Hepatocellular carcinoma
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36