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[IEEE 2018 25th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP) - Stuttgart, Germany (2018.11.20-2018.11.22)] 2018 25th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP) - Plant Cell Segmentation with Adaptive Thresholding
摘要： There are many approaches to plant cell segmentation, but there is no established method to segment plant cell for a portable, USB-powered optical microscope. Existing methods leverage on sophisticated microscope such as confocal laser scanning microscope or electron microscope may not be applicable for a portable setup. Staining of plant cell specimens, in order to improve visibility of boundaries, might affect the plant cell and also requires additional preparation work prior to acquisition which could be infeasible for on-the-fly applications. Conventional plant cell segmentation using watershed transform often results in over-segmentation, hindering the effectiveness of the method. Hence, we propose a thresholding method based on Otsu's method, to retain majority of the image information to improve the success rate of the cell segmentation. The method is implemented on a leaf cellular image acquired from freshwater weed elodea. The region identified by the improved watershed transform can be further processed to locate the centroids of the cells. We experimented our method on images filled fully with plant cells and filled partially with plant cells. We also studied the impact of boundary definition of the image to our method.
关键词： cell segmentation,watershed transform,image processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Vision-based people detection using depth information for social robots
摘要： Robots are starting to be applied in areas which involve sharing space with humans. In particular, social robots and people will coexist closely because the former are intended to interact with the latter. In this context, it is crucial that robots are aware of the presence of people around them. Traditionally, people detection has been performed using a flow of two-dimensional images. However, in nature, animals’ sight perceives their surroundings using color and depth information. In this work, we present new people detectors that make use of the data provided by depth sensors and red-green-blue images to deal with the characteristics of human–robot interaction scenarios. These people detectors are based on previous works using two-dimensional images and existing people detectors from different areas. The disparity of the input and output data used by these types of algorithms usually complicates their integration into robot control architectures. We propose a common interface that can be used by any people detector, resulting in numerous advantages. Several people detectors using depth information and the common interface have been implemented and evaluated. The results show a great diversity among the different algorithms. Each one has a particular domain of use, which is reflected in the results. A clever combination of several algorithms appears as a promising solution to achieve a flexible, reliable people detector.
关键词： kinect,people detection,benchmarking,depth image processing,depth sensor,Social robotics,user detection,ROS
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Saint-Petersburg, Russia (2018.11.26-2018.11.30)] 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Modeling Environment for Processing of Photos and Video Content Transmitting by Open Channels
摘要： The report describes the Graphical User Interface and Architecture of the Modeling Environment for photo and video images processing transmitted by open channels.
关键词： image processing,masking method,open networks,modeling environment
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Saint-Petersburg, Russia (2018.11.26-2018.11.30)] 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Development of Plugins for the Modeling Environment for Stages of Processing of Photo and Video Images Transmitted by Open Channels
摘要： The report describes the architecture and development process of the plugin for the simulation environment for processing of photo and video transmitted via open telecommunication channels.
关键词： image processing,design patterns,software,architecture
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Performance of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Systems in Visualizing the Cortical Plate in 3D Image Reconstruction: An Study
摘要： Introduction: Cortical bone is an important anatomical structure and its thickness needs to be determined prior to many dental procedures to ensure treatment success. Imaging modalities are necessarily used in dentistry for treatment planning and dental procedures. Three-dimensional image reconstruction not only provides visual information but also enables accurate measurement of anatomical structures; thus, it is necessarily required for maxillofacial examination and in case of skeletal problems in this region. Aims: This study aimed to assess the ability of three Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) systems including Cranex 3D, NewTom 3G and 3D Promax for Three-Dimensional (3D) image reconstruction of the cortical plate with variable thicknesses. Methods: Depending on the cortical bone thickness, samples were evaluated in three groups of ≤ 0.5 mm, 0.6 -1 mm and 1.1-1.5 mm cortical bone thickness. The CBCT scans were obtained from each sample using three systems, their respective FOVs, and 3D scans were reconstructed using their software programs. Two observers viewed the images twice with a two-week interval. The ability of each system in the 3D reconstruction of different thicknesses of cortical bone was determined based on its visualization on the scans. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Kappa test. Results: The three systems showed the greatest difference in the 3D reconstruction of cortical bone with < 0.5 mm thickness. Cranex 3D with 4×6 cm2 FOV had the highest and 3D Promax with 8×8 cm2 FOV had the lowest efficacy for 3D reconstruction of cortical bone. Cranex 3D with 4×6 cm2 and 6×8 cm2 FOVs and NewTom 3G with 5×5 cm2 and 8×5 cm2 FOVs showed significantly higher efficacy for 3D reconstruction of cortical bone with 0.6-1mm thickness while 3D Promax followed by NewTom 3G with 8×8 cm2 FOV had the lowest efficacy for this purpose. Conclusion: Most CBCT systems have high efficacy for 3D image reconstruction of cortical bone with thicknesses over 1 mm while they have poor efficacy for image reconstruction of cortical bone with less than 0.5 mm thickness. Thus, for accurate visualization of anatomical structures on CBCT scans, systems with smaller FOVs and consequently smaller voxel size are preferred.
关键词： Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT),Imaging,Computer-assisted,Image processing,Three-dimensional,Cortical bone
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A Novel Design of Through-Hole Depth On-Machine Optical Measuring Equipment for Automatic Drilling and Riveting
摘要： In the aerospace manufacturing industry, it is impossible to achieve precise and efficient automatic drilling and riveting for largescale composite board parts. The bottleneck is that the depth detection of rivet holes still relies on manual operation, which seriously affects the assembly efficiency and stability of composite board parts. In order to realize accurate and efficient on-machine automatic measurement for through holes in the automatic drilling and riveting process of largescale composite board parts, this paper presents a novel hole depth measuring device. Its mechanical structure is developed based on our newly designed measurement scheme and optical path, the purpose of which is to convert the hole depth data into displacement data of the probe motion. Its electrical hardware consists of three units: a laser transceiver unit to pick up laser spots; a displacement measuring unit to capture the probe movement in real time; and a driving unit to achieve motion control of the probe. Finally, the experimental results indicated that the proposed method and device are capable of performing automatic measurements for through-hole depth. In addition, factors affecting the measuring accuracy and stability of the device are initially analyzed and discussed, which lay a foundation for subsequent research on error compensation and probe calibration.
关键词： image processing,depth detection,automatic drilling and riveting,through-hole depth,large-scale composite board,on-machine measurement
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A Fuzzy Inference System for Unsupervised Deblurring of Motion Blur in Electron Beam Calibration
摘要： This paper presents a novel method of restoring the electron beam (EB) measurements that are degraded by linear motion blur. This is based on a fuzzy inference system (FIS) and Wiener inverse filter, together providing autonomy, reliability, flexibility, and real-time execution. This system is capable of restoring highly degraded signals without requiring the exact knowledge of EB probe size. The FIS is formed of three inputs, eight fuzzy rules, and one output. The FIS is responsible for monitoring the restoration results, grading their validity, and choosing the one that yields to a better grade. These grades are produced autonomously by analyzing results of a Wiener inverse filter. To benchmark the performance of the system, ground truth signals obtained using an 18 μm wire probe were compared with the restorations. Main aims are therefore: (a) Provide unsupervised deblurring for device independent EB measurement; (b) improve the reliability of the process; and (c) apply deblurring without knowing the probe size. These further facilitate the deployment and manufacturing of EB probes as well as facilitate accurate and probe-independent EB characterization. This paper’s findings also makes restoration of previously collected EB measurements easier where the probe sizes are not known nor recorded.
关键词： electron beam calibration,signal and image processing,fuzzy inference system,fuzzy deblurring,linear motion blur,fuzzy logics
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Characterization of the White-light Brightness of the F-corona between 5° and 24° Elongation
摘要： The white-light F-corona arises from light scattered by circumsolar dust. Using weekly models of the eastern side of the F-corona between 5° and 24° elongation, we analyzed the elongation and time dependence of the brightness of its photometric axis. The models were constructed from STEREO-A SECCHI/HI-1 images taken between 2007 December and 2014 March. We found that the brightness profiles can be approximated by power laws, with the coefficients of the models depending upon the observer’s ecliptic longitude. Their variation is not symmetric with respect to the orbital nodes of the dust plane, nor is the behavior similar in the two halves of the spacecraft orbit delimited by the line of nodes. The exponents range between ?2.31 and ?2.35, the former occurring when the observer is at the nodes. The asymmetry observed in the behavior of the proportionality constant is indicative of the projected center of the dust cloud being offset from the Sun’s center by ～0.4 Re. The coefficients exhibit a secular variation correlated with the location of the barycenter of the solar system. We also used the HI-1 frames obtained during STEREO-A calibration rolls to model the 360° F-corona. We found that (1) its flattening index (f = 1 - Rpol/Req) decreases from ～0.66 to ～0.46 with decreasing elongation and (2) the isophotes’ shape can be approximated by a series of superellipses, with the superellipse index n increasing (nonlinearly) with brightness (n ~ 1.65). Cubic extrapolation of the results below 5° elongation points to a circular F-corona below ～1° elongation.
关键词： scattering,zodiacal dust,methods: data analysis,Sun: corona,techniques: image processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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The optical morphologies of galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation: a comparison to Pan-STARRS observations
摘要： We have generated synthetic images of ～27 000 galaxies from the IllustrisTNG and the original Illustris hydrodynamic cosmological simulations, designed to match Pan-STARRS observations of log10(M?/M(cid:4)) ≈ 9.8–11.3 galaxies at z ≈ 0.05. Most of our synthetic images were created with the SKIRT radiative transfer code, including the effects of dust attenuation and scattering, and performing the radiative transfer directly on the Voronoi mesh used by the simulations themselves. We have analysed both our synthetic and real Pan-STARRS images with the newly developed statmorph code, which calculates non-parametric morphological diagnostics – including the Gini–M20 and concentration–asymmetry–smoothness statistics – and performs 2D S′ersic ?ts. Overall, we ?nd that the optical morphologies of IllustrisTNG galaxies are in good agreement with observations, and represent a substantial improvement compared to the original Illustris simulation. In particular, the locus of the Gini–M20 diagram is consistent with that inferred from observations, while the median trends with stellar mass of all the morphological, size and shape parameters considered in this work lie within the ～1σ scatter of the observational trends. However, the IllustrisTNG model has some dif?culty with more stringent tests, such as producing a strong morphology–colour relation. This results in a somewhat higher fraction of red discs and blue spheroids compared to observations. Similarly, the morphology–size relation is problematic: while observations show that discs tend to be larger than spheroids at a ?xed stellar mass, such a trend is not present in IllustrisTNG.
关键词： galaxies: statistics,galaxies: formation,galaxies: structure,methods: numerical,techniques: image processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Semi-supervised Automatic Segmentation of Layer and fluid region in Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Images Using Adversarial Learning
摘要： Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a primary imaging technique for ophthalmic diagnosis due to its advantages in high resolution and non-invasiveness. Diabetes is a chronic disease, which could cause retinal layer deformation and fluid accumulation. It might increase the risk of blindness, and thus, it is important to monitor the morphology change of the retinal layer and fluid accumulation for diabetes patients. Due to the existence of deformation and fluid accumulation, the retinal layer and fluid region segmentation in the OCT image is a challenging task. Machine learning-based segmentation methods have been proposed, but they depend on a significant number of pixel-level annotated data, which is often unavailable. In this paper, we proposed a new semi-supervised fully convolutional deep learning method for segmenting retinal layers and fluid regions in retinal OCT B-scans. The proposed semi-supervised method leverages the unlabeled data through an adversarial learning strategy. The segmentation method includes a segmentation network and a discriminator network, and both the networks are with U-Net alike fully convolutional architecture. The objective function of the segmentation network is a joint loss function, including multi-class cross entropy loss, dice overlap loss, adversarial loss, and semi-supervised loss. We show that the discriminator network and the use of unlabeled data can improve the performance of segmentation. The proposed method is investigated on the duke Diabetic Macular Edema dataset and the POne dataset, and the experiment results demonstrate that our method is more effective than the other state-of-the-art methods for layers and fluid segmentation in the OCT images.
关键词： image processing,optical coherence tomography,layer segmentation,Adversarial learning,convolutional neural networks
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29