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Selfa??Assembled Ionic Liquid for Highly Efficient Electron Transport Layer Free Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The electron-transport-layer (ETL) free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attractive because of fewer layers and hence lower cost, but the lower photovoltaic performance, as compared to the ETL-contained PSCs, largely restricts their practical applications. Herein, we design and synthesize hydroxylethyl functionalized imidazolium iodide, whose single crystal structure is determined, and propose self-assembled ionic liquid on the conductive substrate for ETL-free PSCs. It is found that the self-assembly of the ionic liquid on the conductive substrate can lower the work function of the conductive substrate, enhance the interfacial electron extraction, and meanwhile retard interfacial charge recombination. As a consequence, the power conversion efficiency is remarkably improved from 9.01% to 17.31% upon the self-assembly of ionic liquid on the conductive substrate. This finding provides a new way to achieve highly efficient ETL free PSCs.
关键词： electron transport layer free,perovskite solar cell,self-assembly,Ionic liquid,work function
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Immobilization of natural lipid biomembranes and their interactions with choline carboxylates. A nanoplasmonic sensing study
摘要： The cell membrane is mainly composed of lipid bilayers with inserted proteins and carbohydrates. Lipid bilayers made of purified or synthetic lipids are widely used for estimating the effect of target compounds on cell membranes. However, the composition of such biomimetic membranes is much simpler than the composition of biological membranes. Interactions between compounds and simple composition biomimetic membranes might not demonstrate the effect of target compounds as precisely as membranes with compositions close to real organisms. Therefore, the aim of our study is to construct biomimetic membrane closely mimicking the state of natural membranes. Liposomes were prepared from lipids extracted from L-α-phosphatidylcholine, Escherichia coli, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bovine liver cells through agitation and sonication. They were immobilized onto SiO2 sensor surfaces using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N’-2-ethanesulfonic acid buffer with calcium chloride. The biomimetic membranes were successfully immobilized onto the SiO2 sensor surface and detected by nanoplasmonic sensing. The immobilized membranes were exposed to choline carboxylates. The membrane disruption effect was, as expected, more pronounced with increasing carbohydrate chain length of the carboxylates. The results correlated with the toxicity values determined using Vibrio fischeri bacteria. The yeast extracted lipid membranes had the strongest response to introduction of choline laurate while the bovine liver lipid extracted liposomes were the most sensitive towards the shorter choline carboxylates. This implies that the composition of the cell membrane plays a crucial role upon interaction with choline carboxylates, and underlines the necessity of testing membrane systems of different origin to obtain an overall image of such interactions.
关键词： natural lipid biomembrane,interaction,nanoplasmonic sensing,immobilization,choline carboxylate,ionic liquid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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There Is a Future for N-Heterocyclic Carbene Iron(II) Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Improving Performance through Changes in the Electrolyte
摘要： By systematic tuning of the components of the electrolyte, the performances of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with an N-heterocyclic carbene iron(II) dye have been significantly improved. The beneficial effects of an increased Li+ ion concentration in the electrolyte lead to photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 0.66% for fully masked cells (representing 11.8% relative to 100% set for N719) and an external quantum efficiency maximum (EQEmax) up to approximately 25% due to an increased short-circuit current density (JSC). A study of the effects of varying the length of the alkyl chain in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ionic liquids (ILs) shows that a longer chain results in an increase in JSC with an overall efficiency up to 0.61% (10.9% relative to N719 set at 100%) on going from n-methyl to n-butyl chain, although an n-hexyl chain leads to no further gain in PCE. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) support the trends in JSC and open-circuit voltage (VOC) parameters. A change in the counterion from I? to [BF4]? for 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ionic liquid leads to DSCs with a remarkably high JSC value for an N-heterocyclic carbene iron(II) dye of 4.90 mA cm?2, but a low VOC of 244 mV. Our investigations have shown that an increased concentration of Li+ in combination with an optimized alkyl chain length in the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide IL in the electrolyte leads to iron(II)-sensitized DSC performances comparable with those of containing some copper(I)-based dyes.
关键词： N-heterocyclic carbene,iron,dye-sensitized solar cell,ionic liquid,lithium ion,electrolyte
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Ionic liquid/ZnO(0001?) single crystal and epitaxial film interfaces studied through a combination of electrochemical measurements and a pulsed laser deposition process under vacuum
摘要： O-Polar ZnO(000%1) single crystals and ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO (MgZnO) films which were subsequently deposited on the ZnO crystals by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method were electrochemically investigated through the interfaces with ionic liquid (IL) in a vacuum. The sample surfaces were confirmed to be atomically clean and flat by reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) observation, prior to their electrochemical measurements. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were then performed, and the donor density, flat band potential of these ZnO samples, and the electric double layer capacitance at the IL/ZnO interfaces were successfully evaluated. The flat band potentials of ZnO and MgZnO films were found to shift to more negative potentials relative to those of the single crystal ZnO, with different values for thicker films, respectively. Some possible origins of the different flat band potentials between ZnO and MgZnO films, and their film thickness dependence of the flat band potential will be discussed in this paper.
关键词： vacuum,ZnO,flat band potential,pulsed laser deposition,MgZnO,electric double layer capacitance,ionic liquid,electrochemical measurements
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Binary ionic liquid electrolytes for copper indium sulfide quantum dot sensitized-TiO2 solar cell to achieve long-term durability
摘要： This work demonstrates a straightforward strategy to develop the copper-indium-sul?de (CIS) quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) consisting of ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolyte instead of any volatile solvent. The power conversion ef?ciency (PCE) of the solar cell yielded with 0.36% in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium sul?de ([BMIm][S2?/Sn2?]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([BMIm][SCN]) exhibited an improvement of JSC and FF yielding with 0.75% (JSC: 8.69 mA cm?2, VOC: 0.32 V, FF 26.8%). It exhibited long-term stability within 20% drops after 72 h-continuous photo-irradiation and subsequent storage for more than 1300 h in dark. It is due to suppression of the volatilization of solvent and decomposition of sul?de/polysul?de (S2?/Sn2?) anions. The solar cell performances were found to promote as an increase of interfacial charge transfer ef?ciency between electrolyte and electrodes by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),Power-conversion ef?ciency (PCE),Ionic liquid electrolyte,Quantum dot-sensitized solar cell,Copper indium-sul?de (CIS) colloids
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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High-yield production of stable antimonene quantum sheets for highly efficient organic photovoltaics
摘要： High-performance organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are of great scientific and technological importance due to their potential large-scale industrial applications. Introducing semiconductor quantum dots has been proven to be an effective way to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OPVs. In this paper, we report a novel approach to fabricate atomically thin antimonene quantum sheets (AMQSs) possessing a uniform size (～2.2 nm) via imidazolium ionic liquid-assisted exfoliation. In this method, the yield of AMQSs (1.1 mg mL?1) has been increased by nearly two orders of magnitude compared with that of previously reported methods. Furthermore, upon adding AMQSs into the light absorber in OPVs, the optimal device with 1.0 mg mL?1 AMQSs shows the highest PCE of 9.75%, resulting in over 25% enhancement in PCE compared to that of the reference device. It also leads to a noticeable enhancement in the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.7% and the fill factor (FF) of 8.4%. The increased PCE is mainly due to the two-dimensional electronic structure of AMQSs that can enhance the light absorption, assist exciton dissociation and reduce charge recombination of OPVs. This work provides a new avenue toward mass production of two-dimensional quantum sheets and points to a new strategy for highly efficient OPVs.
关键词： antimonene quantum sheets,organic photovoltaics,power conversion efficiency,ionic liquid-assisted exfoliation,two-dimensional materials
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Polymeric Ionic Liquid-Based Fluorescent Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Micelle for Selective and Sensitive Detection of p-Phenylenediamine
摘要： Highly sensitive and selective detection of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) is achieved by a fluorescence sensor, which is constructed by encapsulating the hydrophobic fluorescent 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde (Py-CHO) into the polymeric ionic liquid (PIL)-based amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) micelle. Amine-aldehyde condensation reaction between PPD and Py-CHO leads to the fluorescence quenching of Py-CHO, giving rise to the basis for quantitative detection of PPD. The core cavity of micelle formed by the self-assembly of PIL provides excellent hydrophobic environment for the accommodation of fluorescent Py-CHO, offering the significant improved sensitivity and selectivity on PPD detection. The amount of PIL in fabricating amphiphilic block copolymer micelle, the BCPs-Py-CHO micelle concentration and the detection pH condition are investigated to obtain the best performance of this sensor. Accurate detection of PPD is achieved in the range of 0.02-10 μmol L-1 under optimal conditions, and the detection limit is 0.007 μmol L-1 (3σ/s). The developed sensor is successfully applied to the determination of PPD contents in hair dyes, spiked water and urine samples.
关键词： Amphiphilic block copolymer micelle,p-Phenylenediamine,Fluorescence sensor,Polymeric ionic liquid,1-Pyrenecarboxaldehydes
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Monitoring the solvation process and stability of Eu2+ in an ionic liquid by in situ luminescence analysis
摘要： Ionic liquids (ILs) offer the remarkable possibility of the direct synthesis of Eu2+-doped nanophosphors in solution, under atmospheric conditions, without the necessity of a high-temperature post-synthetic reduction from its trivalent oxidation state. This work uses for the first time in situ luminescence measurements for monitoring the solvation process of Eu2+ from the solid salt to the IL and its stability against oxidation under atmospheric conditions. Upon the addition of EuBr2 to 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate, the formation of the solvation shell is detected by the shift of the emission band at approximately 24 100 cm?1 assigned to the 5d→4f electronic transitions of Eu2+ within EuBr2 to approximately 22 000 cm?1, assigned to Eu2+ within BminBF4, tracking the time-dependent influence of the Eu2+ coordination environment on the crystal field splitting of its d orbitals. Even though the solubility of EuBr2 was demonstrated to be improved by reducing the concentration and increasing the temperature to 60°C, the performance of reactions at room temperature is recommended for future synthesis of Eu2+ materials in ILs due to the slight oxidation to Eu3+ observed upon heating.
关键词： ionic liquid,dissolving process,ILACS,luminescence,Eu2+
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Precise Micropatterning of a Porous Poly(Ionic Liquid) via Maskless Photolithography for High-Performance Non-Enzymatic H2O2 Sensing
摘要： Porous poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) recently have been actively serving as a multifunctional, interdisciplinary materials platform in quite a few research areas, including separation, catalysis, actuator, sensor, and energy storage, just to name a few. In this context, the capability to photo-pattern PIL microstructures in a porous state on a substrate is still missing but is a crucial step for their real industrial usage. Here, we developed a method for in situ rapid patterning of porous PIL microstructures via a maskless photolithography approach coupled with a simple electrostatic complexation treatment. This breakthrough enables designs of miniaturized sensors. As exemplified in this work, upon loading Pt nanoparticles into porous PIL microstructures, the hybrid sensor showed outstanding performance, bearing both a high sensitivity and a wide detection range.
关键词： nanoparticles,maskless photolithography,poly(ionic liquid),H2O2 sensors,porous microstructures
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A novel functionalized black phosphorus nanocomposite for biosensing
摘要： A novel functionalized black phosphorus (BP) nanocomposite was synthesized through a facile strategy by non-covalently and ionic combining liquid poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) with BP. The resultant nanocomposite exhibited good biocompatibility, favorable the solubility and enhanced electric conductivity facilitate to the immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) and realize fast direct electron transfer with a rate constant (kET) of 15.36 s-1. The immobilized Hb displayed desirable electro-catalytic activity toward nitrite reduction in the range of 80 μM to 3.8 mM with a detection limit of 3.65 μM. The present work advances a new way to construct novel bio-friendly BP-based biosensors, biofuel cells and bioelectronics with excellent sensitivity and stability.
关键词： poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride),electrochemistry,black phosphorus,biosensor,ionic liquid
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46