- 标题
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Is it a good time to develop commercial photovoltaic systems on farmland? An American-style option with crop price risk
摘要： Photovoltaic systems require large swaths of land that are currently being used for other purposes, such as farming. One option for developing large photovoltaic systems is converting farms that are currently economically unviable into commercial photovoltaic systems. However, this may not always be an economically rational decision as crop prices have the potential to increase over time. Fluctuations in farm income due to changes in crop prices can alter the optimal choice of whether to continue farming or to convert farmland into commercial photovoltaic systems. This study attempts to resolve this issue by proposing a real options framework to value farm production when crop prices are uncertain. By integrating uncertainty into the decision-making process, the value of keeping unprofitable farms operating prior to developing the area into a commercial photovoltaic system is assessed. This helps decision makers understand the extent to which potential income from developing a photovoltaic system should be greater than potential income from farming when deciding on investing in a photovoltaic system. A case study is conducted to examine this framework and to calculate the net present value of a farm in South Korea. The results indicate that although the money lost from continuing to farm is substantial, farmers should defer conversion to a commercial photovoltaic system until a sufficient drop in crop prices occurs. When applying this strategy, the farmer can gain an additional 100% of expected revenue simply by deferring the development decision until having better information on the market prices of crops.
关键词： Agriculture,Solar,Photovoltaic,Farmland,Life cycle cost,Real options
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optimal Design of Standalone Photovoltaic System Based on Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization: A Case Study of Malaysia
摘要： This paper presents a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) method for optimal sizing of the standalone photovoltaic (SAPV) systems. Loss of load probability (LLP) analysis is considered to determine the technical evaluation of the system. Life cycle cost (LCC) and levelized cost of energy (LCE) are treated as the economic criteria. The two variants of the proposed PSO method, referred to as adaptive weights PSO (AWPSOc f ) and sigmoid function PSO (SFPSOc f ), are implemented using MATLAB software to the optimize the number of PV modules in (series and parallel) and number of the storage battery. The case study of the proposed SAPV system is executed using the hourly meteorological data and typical load demand for one year in a rural area in Malaysia. The performance outcomes of the proposed AW/SFPSOc f methods give various con?gurations at desired levels of LLP values and the corresponding minimum cost. The performance results showed the superiority of SFPSOc f in terms of accuracy is selecting an optimal con?guration at ?tness function value 0.031268, LLP value 0.002431, LCC 53167 USD, and LCE 1.6413 USD. The accuracy of AW/SFPSOc f methods is veri?ed by using the iterative method.
关键词： levelized cost of energy (LCE),multi-objective optimization,particle swarm optimization,standalone PV system,loss of load probability (LLP),life cycle cost (LCC)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Conference on Power Electronics and Renewable Energy (CPERE) - Aswan City, Egypt (2019.10.23-2019.10.25)] 2019 IEEE Conference on Power Electronics and Renewable Energy (CPERE) - Power Losses Estimation of LED Lamps in Li-Fi Communication Systems
摘要： The loss of critical human skills that are either non-replenishable or take very long periods of time to reconstitute impacts the support of legacy systems ranging from infrastructure, military, and aerospace to information technology. Many legacy systems must be supported for long periods of time because they are prohibitively expensive to replace. Loss of critical human skills is a problem for legacy system support organizations as they try to understand and mitigate the effects of an aging workforce with highly specialized low-demand skill sets. Existing literature focuses on workers that have skills that are obsolete and therefore need to be retrained to remain employable; alternatively, this paper addresses the system support impacts due to the lack of workers with the required skill set. This paper develops a model for forecasting the loss of critical human skills and the impact of that loss on the future cost of system support. The model can be used to support business cases for system replacement. A detailed case study of a legacy control system from the chemical manufacturing industry is provided and managerial insights associated with the support of the system drawn.
关键词： life-cycle cost,obsolescence,legacy systems,workforce planning,Diminishing manufacturing sources and material shortages (DMSMS),workforce management,organizational forgetting
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC) - Chongqing, China (2019.10.11-2019.10.13)] 2019 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC) - Capacity Configuration Method of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Generation System
摘要： To enhance photovoltaic (PV) utilization of stand-alone PV generation system, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) capacity configuration method with unit energy storage capacity cost (UC)and capacity redundancy ratio (CRR) as the evaluation indexes is proposed, which is considering different types of load. First, the HESS power difference between the load demand power and the PV output power is obtained by the method, which is allocated by the low-pass filtering algorithm. According to the characteristics of power type and energy type energy storage device, the low frequency component is borne by the energy-type energy storage device, and the high-frequency component is borne by the power-type energy storage device, taking HESS charging and discharging efficiency，SOC upper and lower limits and capacity attenuation as the constraints. Then, based on the whole life cycle cost, analyzing the different effects of different PV power generation energy and load types on the indexes. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are analyzed by 3 actual examples.
关键词： capacity configuration,hybrid energy storage system (HESS),Stand-Alone photovoltaic (PV) System,whole-life-cycle cost
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Design, Simulation, and Economic Optimization of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System for Rural Electrification
摘要： Access to clean and a?ordable energy in rural African regions can contribute greatly to social development. Hence, this article proposes the design, simulation, and optimization of a stand-alone photovoltaic system (SAPV) to provide non-polluting electrical energy based on a renewable source for a rural house located in Tazouta, Morocco. Real monthly electrical demands and hourly climatic conditions were utilized. An initial design process indicated that, with a 1080 Wp total capacity of PV modules and 670 Ah of battery storage, the proposed SAPV system was able to meet a considerable part of the dwelling load with an average solar fraction of about 79.1%. The rest of the energy demand was ensured by a diesel generator (DG). Also, a life cycle analysis of the PV system revealed that the life cycle cost is 10,195.56 USD and the unit electricity cost is 0.57 USD/kWh for an initial investment of 4858.68 USD. Thereafter, an optimum design based on Homer Pro software was carried out indicating that lower PV capacity can decrease the unit energy cost to 0.356 USD/kWh while reducing the solar fraction to 54.9%.
关键词： design,o?-grid,Morocco,photovoltaic,simulation,life cycle cost analysis,optimization
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Economic and environmental potential for solar assisted central heating plants in the EU residential sector: Contribution to the 2030 climate and energy EU agenda
摘要： Aligning with the ambitious EU 2030 climate and energy package for cutting the greenhouse emissions and replacing conventional heat sources through the presence of renewable energy share inside efficient district heating fields, central solar heating plants coupled with seasonal storage (CSHPSS) can have a viable contribution to this goal. However, the technical performance variation combined with inadequate financial assessment and insufficient environmental impact data associated with the deployment of those innovative district heating systems represents a big challenge for the broad implementation of CSHPSS in Europe. In this context, our paper presents a comprehensive evaluation for the possibility of integrating CSHPSS in the residential sector in various EU member states through the formulation of a multi-objective optimization framework. This framework comprises the life cycle cost analysis for the economic evaluation and the life cycle assessment for the environmental impact estimation simultaneously. The technical performance is also considered by satisfying both the space heating demand and the domestic hot water services. The methodological framework is applied to a residential neighborhood community of 1120 apartments in various EU climate zones with Madrid, Athens, Berlin, and Helsinki acting as a proxy for the Mediterranean continental, Mediterranean, central European, and Nordic climates, respectively. The optimization results regarding the energy performance show that the CSHPSS can achieve a renewable energy fraction above 90% for the investigated climate zones. At the same time, the environmental assessment shows significant improvement when using the CSHPSS in comparison to a natural gas heating system, in those cases the environmental impact is reduced up to 82.1–86.5%. On the other hand, substantial economic improvement is limited, especially in the Mediterranean climate zone (Athens) due to low heating demands and the prices of the non-renewable resources. There the total economic cost of the CSHPSS plants can increase up to 50.8% compared to a natural gas heating system. However, considering the incremental tendency in natural gas prices all over EU nowadays, the study of future plant costs confirms its favorable long-term economic feasibility.
关键词： Life cycle assessment (LCA),2030 climate and energy EU targets,Multi-objective optimization,Life cycle cost (LCC),Central solar heating plant with seasonal storage,Solar community
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36