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Novel research on reliability of silica-based PLC optical splitters
摘要： Environmental, mechanical and optical reliability are basic premises for application of PLC optical splitters. According to temperature and humidity cycling experiment, it demonstrated that insertion loss of PLC optical splitter varies with temperature. Compared to performance at room temperature, the maximum insertion loss change of device is 0.472 dB at 75 °C, and 0.486 dB at ?40 °C. A three-dimensional ?nite element model of PLC chip coupled with ?ber array was established to study the e?ects of temperature on insertion loss. The simulation results match experimental results, indicating that misalignment of PLC chip and ?ber array is the main reason for insertion loss change. It is signi?cant to consider the in?uences of global temperature rather than only paying attention to performance at static temperature when we evaluate the reliability of PLC optical splitters.
关键词： PLC optical splitter,Temperature and humidity,Finite element method,Optical waveguide,Reliability
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Quantum Rotation Sensing with Dual Sagnac Interferometers in an Atom-Optical Waveguide
摘要： We describe a Sagnac interferometer suitable for rotation sensing, implemented using an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic magnetic trap. The atom wave packets are split and recombined by standing-wave Bragg lasers, and the trapping potential steers the packets along circular trajectories with a radius of 0.2 mm. Two conjugate interferometers are implemented simultaneously to provide common-mode rejection of noise and to isolate the rotation signal. With interference visibilities of about 50%, we achieve a rotation sensitivity comparable to Earth’s rate in about 10 min of operation. Gyroscope operation was demonstrated by rotating the optical table on which the experiment was performed.
关键词： Sagnac Interferometers,Quantum Rotation Sensing,Rotation Sensitivity,Atom-Optical Waveguide,Bose-Einstein Condensate
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 2nd British and Irish Conference on Optics and Photonics (BICOP) - London, United Kingdom (2019.12.11-2019.12.13)] 2019 IEEE 2nd British and Irish Conference on Optics and Photonics (BICOP) - Fabrication for Single-Mode Core Fan-in/Out Polymer Optical Waveguide using the Mosquito Method
摘要： We have developed the Mosquito method for fabricating polymer optical waveguides. By using the Mosquito method, three-dimensional array of circular cores with graded- index profile can be formed. In this paper, to realize an effective coupling element for multicore fibers (MCF) and single- mode fibers, fan-in/out polymer optical waveguides are focused. For low-loss fan-in/out waveguide, the Mosquito method is applied where the fabrication conditions are investigated to improve the optical properties in multiple cores. Furthermore, fan-in/out structure for 7-core MCF is successfully fabricated.
关键词： fan-in/out devices,polymer optical waveguide,the Mosquito method,space division multiplexing
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Ultralong Lifetime Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Dual-band Waveguide Behavior of Phosphoramidic Acid Oligomers
摘要： In recent years, some natural or synthetic non-conjugated luminescence systems have attracted much attention. However, the phosphorescent properties of these materials are generally not very satisfactory due to the lack of special molecular design. In this work, the phosphoramidic acid is introduced into the oligomer matrix to construct a non-conjugated photoluminescence system with ultralong phosphorescence lifetime up to 376.5 to 776.9 ms and high phosphorescence quantum yield (4.6-10.5 %). At the same time, the new system also displays good thermo-processing properties, vitreous solid and optical waveguide behavior.
关键词： Room temperature phosphorescence,ultralong phosphorescence lifetime,phosphoramidic acid oligomers,optical waveguide behavior
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optimization of Temperature Dependence of Heteronanolaser Threshold Current with Account for the Thickness and Dielectric Properties of the Heterostructure Waveguide Nano-Layer Material
摘要： An exact problem of the electromagnetic wave propagation in a multilayer heteronanostructure with complex values of the dielectric constant (permittivity) is solved. The contribution to the refractive index of an additive to the dielectric constant due to the injected carriers is taken into account. A heterostructure based on a nanosystem used for the manufacture of lasers in the range 0.94–1.14 μm is considered. The methods and approaches used are also applicable for optimizing multilayer structures based on other solid solutions and those with several quantum wells. Based on the calculations of the temperature dependence of the radiation characteristics of injection lasers based on heteronanostructures, it was shown that the anomalous behavior of the temperature dependence of the threshold current is associated with a weakening of the waveguide properties of their active region. In accordance with the calculation results, the heteronanotructures parameters of injection lasers were optimized with respect to the thickness and dielectric properties of the waveguide nanolayer material, which made it possible to significantly reduce the temperature dependence of their radiative characteristics.
关键词： solid solution,threshold current,optimization of the heterostructure parameters,local gain,mode gain,injection lasers,optical waveguide,heteronanostructure,quantum-well heterostructures
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Variable-Ratio Mode-Insensitive 1 × 2 Power Splitter Based on MMI Couplers and Phase Shifters
摘要： Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has been considered as a low-cost and high-density means for high-bandwidth on-chip optical communications in a high-performance computer and a data center. However, simultaneously controlling the power of multiple modes in the MDM systems is dif?cult due to the complex mode coupling for high-order modes (HOMs). Here we propose a novel schematic structure of variable-ratio mode-insensitive 1 × 2 power splitter, which is based on multimode interference (MMI) couplers cascaded with phase shifters. We theoretically reveal the phase shifting relations between the fundamental mode and the HOMs for the phase shifter formed by two unequal-width waveguides. Then, the operating principles for the proposed structure are presented. Numerical simulations are carried out and it is found that the structure has the ability to realize variable-ratio dual-mode mode-insensitive 1 × 2 power splitter by designing the number and lengths of the phase shifters, which shows a good agreement with our theoretical analysis. The structural parameters of the MMI couplers and the phase shifters are optimized to minimize the transmittance losses and the differences of mode power splitting ratio. The simulation results also show that the optimized power splitters have the advantages of high tolerance to fabrication errors and wide operating bandwidths, which indicates that the proposed structure can operate on multiple modes and would be suited to potential applications in on-chip optical communications.
关键词： mode-insensitive power splitter.,mode-division multiplexing,Optical waveguide devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Special Issue of Silicon Photonics [Scanning the Issue]
摘要： Silicon, well established as an electronics platform, was ?rst seriously explored as an optical waveguide platform in 1987 by Soref and Bennett. Light at ?ber-optic communication wavelengths can pass through crystalline silicon with very high transmission. Silicon waveguides can be made by etching into the thin crystalline silicon layer on a silicon-on-insulator wafer. Because of the high refractive index of silicon compared to the surrounding oxide, these waveguides can bend with radii less than ?ve micrometers and make compact splitters/combiners, ?lters, and polarization elements. High-speed optical modulators can be made by rapidly changing free electron and hole densities in the silicon in the optical path, and photodetectors can be made by epitaxially growing germanium on the silicon, both using electrically connected p-n junctions. The only element missing to complete an optical integration platform is an integrated light source, rendered very dif?cult because of the indirect bandgap of silicon and germanium. While to date, no practical electrically pumped light emitter has been deployed based on silicon itself, multiple hybrid and heterogeneous solutions have been reported.
关键词： integrated light source,hybrid and heterogeneous solutions,fiber-optic communication,Silicon photonics,optical waveguide
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis-(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin film/K+ ion-exchanged optical waveguide gas sensor
摘要： Optical waveguide (OWG) sensors are widely used in gas detection, and sensitive materials are the key factors affecting sensor performance. Herein, we report on a 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin (TMP) deposited optical wave guide (OWG) sensor. The porphyrin solutions with different acidity were deposited on a K+-ion exchanged glass OWG surface by spin coating, to fabricate porphyrin film-coated OWG gas sensing devices. The effects of pH values of the porphyrin solution used to prepare the sensitive film on the sensing properties of these devices were investigated. The gas sensitive performances of these devices in response to analytes were compared. Among them, the sensing devices fabricated using original and acidic solutions of porphyrin exhibited significant responses to sulfide gases and ethanediamine, respectively. The sensing device prepared using an acidic solution has a good response to ethanediamine gas (response and recovery times of the sensor for 1 ppm of EDA (ΔI = 48) are 13 and 38 s, respectively). The RSD of the output light intensity is ± 2.84, the signal to noise ratio (S/N) is 5.6. The device prepared using the original solution has an excellent response to sulfide gases (H2S, SO2), and can detect low concentration levels (ppm) of sulfide gases. These sensing devices thus have the potential to be used in food quality testing and environmental monitoring.
关键词： Aggregation,Ethanediamine,5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin,Optical waveguide gas sensor,Sulfide gases
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bismuth-Doped Phosphate Glasses and H+-Implanted Waveguides
摘要： The work reports on the preparation and optical characterization of 75P2O5-15B2O3-9Al2O3-Bi2O3 glass by using the melt-quenching method and absorption spectroscopy, respectively. Further, 0.4-MeV proton implantation of a ?uence of 8.0 × 1016 ions/cm2 was carried out on this glassy sample and it was tested as a waveguide at a wavelength of 632.8 nm for the ?rst time to our knowledge. The m-line curves of the waveguide were measured before and after successive annealing treatments. The formation theory of the planar waveguides is discussed through simulations of the energy loss distribution and analysis of the reconstructed refractive index pro?le. The results should be useful in the design and fabrication of bismuth-doped phosphate glass and its use in integrated photonics devices.
关键词： Bismuth-doped phosphate glass,Optical waveguide,Ion implantation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Unidirectional Branching Growth of Dipeptide Single Crystals for Remote Light Multiplication and Collection
摘要： Herein, we report on the unidirectional branched assembly of diphenylalanine dipeptide through a one-step rapid evaporation process. Large numbers of crystalline tubular branches with smooth surfaces are developed from a hexagonal solid microrod mimicking a “Christmas tree”. Density functional theory suggests the formation of tubular diphenylalanine aggregates with cis isomers. The diphenylalanine branched assembly shows good optical waveguide properties that can transmit light homogenously along the crystal fibers as well as harvest light from the tips of branches to the microrod terminals. These findings hold importance in the development of bio-inspired optical fibers for information transmission in a microscale.
关键词： single crystal,self-assembly,light emission,optical waveguide,diphenylalanine
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57