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Charge Transport between Coaxial Polymer Nanorods and Grafted All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals for Hybrid Organic Solar Cells with Enhanced Photoconversion Efficiency
摘要： The versatile optoelectronics properties of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have provided a strong surge for their utilization in different classes of solar cells, organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems being no exception. In an unprecedented approach, a hybrid solar cell with CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs strategically grafted on poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) nanorods (NRs) is shown to have a photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.72 ± 0.4 %, with only 1.5 wt% NCs. The improvement is twice more than the P3HT:PCBM reference devices (4.09 ± 0.2 %). The choice of NC composition is validated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations which show decent charge carrier mobility in CsPbBr1.5I1.5, besides having better stability than CsPbI3, making CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs suitable contender for hybrid device architecture. A trivial blending of the NCs in P3HT:PCBM matrix results in their non-uniform distribution, escalating charge carrier trapping, albeit maintaining a device efficiency of 8.07 ± 0.3 % with 1 wt% NCs. Uniform NC grafting is propitious over inhomogeneous blending since CsPbBr1.5I1.5 NCs not only act as additional light harvesters, but their chemical grafting onto the P3HT NRs improves the charge transport by creating better charge percolation pathways. The higher crystallinity of the P3HT NRs than P3HT also helps in reducing the trap states.
关键词： P3HT nanorods,charge transport,perovskite nanocrystals,photoconversion efficiency,hybrid solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS: ICAM 2019 - Kerala, India (12–14 June 2019)] PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS: ICAM 2019 - Measurement of hole mobility in P3HT based photovoltaic cell using space charge limited current method
摘要： Mobility of carriers is one of the pivotal parameters characterizing any semiconducting material and it is important for organic semiconductors too. The mobility of organic semiconductors remains far less when compared to inorganic counterparts and hence attempts in the direction improvise it carries tremendous significance. This paper investigates the positive charge carriers transport properties in a bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell using two different Anode Buffer Layers (PEDOT:PSS and MoO3). The method of Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC) is used to compute the hole mobilities and also the values are compared. The values obtained with PEDOT:PSS and MoO3 as HTLs are 1.043x10-4 cm2 V-1S-1 and 1.357x10-4 cm2V-1S-1 respectively. It is seen that the device with higher carrier mobility exhibits better performance.
关键词： PEDOT:PSS,hole mobility,space charge limited current,MoO3,photovoltaic cell,P3HT
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dual Role of Graphene Quantum Dots in Active Layer of Inverted Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Devices
摘要： Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown broad application prospects in the field of photovoltaic devices due to their unique quantum confinement and edge effects. Here, we prepared GQDs by a photon-Fenton reaction as reported in our previous work, which has great advantage in the preparation scale. The photoelectric properties of the inverted hybrid solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT): (6,6)-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methylester (PCBM):GQDs and P3HT:GQDs with different contents of GQDs as the active layers are demonstrated, as well as their morphology and structure by atomic force microscopy images. Then, the different roles of GQDs played in the ternary (P3HT:PCBM:GQDs) and binary (P3HT:GQDs) hybrid solar cells are studied systematically. The results indicate that the GQDs provide an efficient excition separation interface and charge transport channel for the improvement of hybrid solar cells. The preliminary exploration and elaboration of the role of GQDs in hybrid solar cells will be beneficial to understand the interfacial procedure and improve device performance in the future.
关键词： photovoltaic devices,hybrid solar cells,PCBM,photon-Fenton reaction,P3HT,Graphene quantum dots
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Influence of single-walled carbon nanotubes induced exciton dissociation improvement on hybrid organic photovoltaic devices
摘要： Torch-plasma-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are integrated with regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a fullerene derivative 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl) propyl-1-phenyl[6,6]C61 (PCBM) as a hybrid photoactive layer for bulk heterojunction solar cell devices. We demonstrate that molecular information could be accurately obtained by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry through the hybrid organic photoactive solar cell layers when sputtering is performed using a Cs+ 2000 eV ion source. Furthermore, the photovoltaic (PV) performance of the fabricated devices show an increase in the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and the fill factor (FF) as compared to the pristine devices fabricated without SWCNTs. The best results are obtained with 0.5 wt. % SWCNT loads, where an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 660 mV is achieved, with a Jsc of 9.95 mA cm?2 and a FF of 54%, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 3.54% (measured at standard test conditions, AM1.5 g). At this optimum SWCNT concentration of 0.5 wt. %, and to further understand the charge-transfer mechanisms taking place at the interfaces of P3HT:PCBM:SWCNT, Jsc is measured with respect to the light intensity and shows a linear dependency (in the double logarithmic scale), which implies that losses in the charge carrier are rather governed by monomolecular recombination. Finally, our results show that our hybrid devices benefit from the fullerene electron accepting nature and from the SWCNT fast electron transportation feature that improve substantially the exciton dissociation efficiency. The influence of the SWCNTs on the Fermi level and the work function of the photoactive composite and its impact on the PV performance is also investigated.
关键词： single-walled carbon nanotubes,bulk heterojunction,PCBM,hybrid organic photovoltaic devices,photovoltaic performance,P3HT,exciton dissociation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 26th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD) - Kyoto, Japan (2019.7.2-2019.7.5)] 2019 26th International Workshop on Active-Matrix Flatpanel Displays and Devices (AM-FPD) - Effect of Device Structure on the Narrow-band Light Detection of Bulk Heterostructure Organic Photodetectors based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Fullerene Derivative
摘要： The characteristics of organic photodetectors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blends with various film thicknesses of active layer are investigated. The red-shift in peak wavelength of incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectra in the devices with various film thicknesses is observed with increasing film thickness. For thick devices upon irradiation by light with a photon energy of around energy gap of an active layer, excitons are formed almost uniformly because of the small absorption coefficient of red light. A conventional device with 2 μm-thick film exhibits narrow-band light detection with red-light sensitivity and the relatively narrow spectral response of the full-width at half-maximum (FWMH) of around 50 nm. On the other hand, an inverted device with 2 μm-thick film exhibits broadband light detection. For bulk heterostructure devices, one of important factors to realize the narrowband light detection is the control of charge carrier collection efficiency at electrodes which is attributed to the device structure, including the intrachain transport in polymer.
关键词： PCBM,bulk heterostructure,organic photodetectors,narrow-band light detection,P3HT
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Role of Molecular and Interchain Ordering in the Formation of a δ-Hole Transporting Layer in Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Interface engineering, especially the realisation of ohmic contacts at the interface between organic semiconductors and metal contacts, is one of the essential preconditions to achieve high efficiency organic electronic devices. Here, the interface structure of polymer/fullerene blends are correlated with the charge extraction/injection properties of working organic solar cells. The model system – P3HT:PCBM – is fabricated using two different degrees of P3HT regioregularity to alter the blend interchain order and molecular packing, resulting in different device performance. Investigations by electroabsorption (EA) spectroscopy on these devices indicate a significant reduction (≈ 1 V) in the built-in potential with an increase in the P3HT regioregularity. This observation is also supported by a change in the WF of high regioregular polymer blends from photoelectron spectroscopy measurement. These results confirm the presence of a strong dipole layer acting as a δ-hole transporting layer at the polymer/MoO3/Ag electrode interface. Unipolar hole-only devices show an increase in the magnitude of the hole current in high regioregular P3HT devices, suggesting an increase in the hole injection/extraction efficiency inside device with a δ-hole transporting layer. Microscopically, near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was conducted to probe the surface microstructure in these blends finding a highly edge-on orientation of P3HT chains in blends made with high regioregular P3HT. This edge-on orientation of P3HT chains at the interface results in a layer of oriented alkyl side chains capping the surface which favors the formation of a dipole layer at the polymer/MoO3 interface. The increase in the charge extraction efficiency due to the formation of a δ-hole transporting layer thus results in higher short circuit currents and fill factor values, eventually increasing the device efficiency in high regioregular P3HT devices despite a slight decrease in cell open circuit voltage. These findings emphasise the significance of work function control as a tool for improved device performance, and pave the way towards interfacial optimisation based on the modulation of fundamental polymer properties, such as polymer regioregularity.
关键词： Organic solar cells,interface engineering,molecular ordering,regioregularity,interface dipole,interchain ordering,P3HT
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A theoretical insight into multiple charge-transfer mechanisms at the P3HT/non-fullerenes interface in organic solar cells
摘要： Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based organic solar cells (OSCs) have been developed in recent years because of easy-production, low-cost and large-area manufacture. However, fewer non-fullerene acceptors with higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than PC61BM have been explored in P3HT-based OSCs. In this contribution, the excited states were in-depth analyzed towards probing the particularities of superior P3HT/non-fullerene systems. Multiple charge-transfer (CT) mechanisms involving intermolecular electric field (IEF), hot CT states and direct excitation of CT states were found, which suggests more favorable CT pathways exist in these P3HT/non-fullerene interfaces. Accordingly, the calculations on charge-transfer rates of all the investigated donor/acceptor interfaces further verified the positive effect of multiple CT pathways. In addition, the interesting hybrid Frenkel-CT states were firstly found to be relevant with the stronger electrostatic surface potential (ESP) differences on donor and acceptor for these P3HT/non-fullerene systems, which may provide a strategy for the design of high-efficiency OSCs.
关键词： non-fullerene,intermolecular electric field (IEF),P3HT,hybrid Frenkel-CT states,charge-transfer (CT) mechanisms,Organic solar cells (OSCs)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Overcoming consistency constrains of ITO/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/Ag solar cell by open air annealing and its systematic stability study under inborn conditions
摘要： Focusing on simplicity and industrial viability, polymer solar cells with configuration indium tin oxide (ITO)/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/Ag were fabricated and characterized. Differing from the usual trend of using glove box for polymer device fabrication, here electron transport and active layer of the devices were deposited and stored in open air atmosphere without any encapsulation. Effect of active layer thickness on device performance was analyzed. Choosing the optimum thickness of 220 ± 20 nm, a number of devices were fabricated with same configuration and the effect of annealing on the photovoltaic parameters was investigated. Unlike annealing studies reported in literature, particular emphasis was given here to study the influence of annealing in ambient atmosphere, at temperature of 50 °C, for 30 s. This short period, low temperature annealing enhanced the device parameters mainly short circuit current density and hence efficiency. Lifetime measurements were done by monitoring the device and measuring its J–V parameters periodically for 1 year. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profile analysis was employed to demonstrate that surface modified ZnO effectively hinders the diffusion of indium from ITO to active layer.
关键词： Stability study,ITO/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/Ag,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Polymer solar cells,Open air annealing
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Solvent influence on the surface morphology of P3HT thin films revealed by photoemission electron microscopy
摘要： Only rigorous understanding of the relationship between the nano-scale morphology of organic thin films and the performance of the devices built from them will ultimately lead to design rules that can guide a structured development on the field of organic electronics. Despite great effort, unraveling the nanoscale structure of the films is still a challenge in itself. Here we demonstrate that photoemission electron microscopy can provide valuable insights into the chain orientation, domains size and grain boundary characteristics of P3HT films spun cast from different solvents at room as well as at elevated temperatures.
关键词： surface morphology,photoemission electron microscopy,organic electronics,solvent influence,P3HT
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Charge Transport and Extraction of Bilayer Interdiffusion Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Bilayer interdiffusion heterojunction with the structure of donor-rich region near the anode and acceptor-rich region near the cathode, could weaken energy level barrier between active layer and electrode, and improve the performance of organic solar cells. In this study, the poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) / [6:6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PC61BM) bilayer interdiffusion heterojunction organic solar cells were prepared by using orthogonal solvent method, and the charge transport and extraction characteristics were investigated detailedly. The transient photovoltage/transient photocurrent measurements showed that the bilayer interdiffusion heterojunction devices have longer carrier recombination lifetime and shorter charge extract time, and higher carrier mobility of bilayer interdiffusion device was verified by photo-induced charge carrier extraction by linearly increasing voltage technology. The results indicated that the improved heterojunction structure of bilayer interdiffusion devices could reduce carrier recombination and improve charge transport and extraction efficiency. The performance of bilayer interdiffusion device was enhanced obviously, and about 19.8 % power conversion efficiency improvement was achieved as compared with the bulk device. Bilayer interdiffusion heterojunction provide an efficient device structure to optimize performance of organic solar cells.
关键词： Bilayer interdiffusion heterojunction,PC61BM,organic solar cells,P3HT,charge extraction,charge transport
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04