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Tetrahydrofuran as an Oxygen Donor Additive to Enhance Stability and Reproducibility of Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated in High Relative Humidity (50%) Atmosphere
摘要： In sequential deposition method of lead-halide perovskite material, the PbI2 layer morphology plays an essential role in enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cell. However, humidity level affects the PbI2 and perovskite film morphology, resulting in defect sites and recombination centers on the surface and within the bulk of the perovskite solar cell. To address this, we report the incorporation of tetrahydrofuran (THF) additive in PbI2-DMF precursor solution, to improve the quality of PbI2 thin film and to prevent the water interaction directly with PbI2 under high humidity environment. The O-donor THF interacts with PbI2 resulting in the homogeneous, dense and pinhole-free layer as compared to PbI2 layer without additive. The Perovskite layer so obtained from pinhole-free PbI2 layer is compact and smooth resulting in a significant reduction of defects/traps. The device fabricated with modified perovskite ~ 50% humidity atmosphere, resulted in 15% efficiency with high reproducibility. Moreover, the THF modified non-encapsulated perovskite device retains its 80% PCE after exposing to 50% relative humidity for 20 days. Our result demonstrates the strategy to fabricate perovskite solar cells with reproducible efficiency in high humidity atmosphere viable for large-scale production.
关键词： two-step deposition,perovskite solar cells,high humidity,long-term stability,pinhole-free PbI2,tetrahydrofuran (THF)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Self-formed PbI <sub/>2</sub> -DMSO adduct for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
摘要： Currently, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has attracted widespread attention for preparing high efficiency and large-scale perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The surface morphology and crystallinity of precursor lead iodide (PbI2) films play a critical role in the subsequent CVD process. Here, we use a self-formed PbI2-dimethyl sulfoxide adduct in precursor PbI2 for fabricating a high quality perovskite film. The results show that a larger grain size and excessive PbI2 in the perovskite film effectively suppress carrier recombination, which is helpful to improve the device stability and efficiency. It is noted that the device maintained an excellent stability with almost the same efficiency after 1000 h (in a dry N2 glovebox, 25 (cid:2)C). Finally, the PSC by using the CVD method exhibits a high power conversion efficiency of 17.9% with a bandgap of 1.60 eV, an open voltage (VOC) of 1140 mV, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 20.1 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 78%. This method provides guidance for preparing large-area solar cells or applications in tandem solar cells.
关键词： stability,perovskite solar cells,PbI2-DMSO adduct,chemical vapor deposition,efficiency
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Hydrophilicity and Water Contact Angle on Methylammonium Lead Iodide
摘要： Surface properties are often assessed with measurements of the contact angle of a water drop. The process is however flawed for the very important class of hybrid perovskite materials, extensively employed in solar cells and optoelectronics research, because they are water soluble and their surface degrades during contact angle measurements. While hybrid perovskites are considered to be highly hydrophilic, a contact angle with water of 83° can be measured, as if they were almost hydrophobic. By combining experiments and simulations, the actual value is explained as the result of the interaction of water with degraded superficial layers that form over sub-millisecond time scale at the water/perovskite interface. The models are validated against contact angle measurements for water on a variety of substrates, and are referenced to with the Young–Dupré relation between liquid–solid adhesion and contact angle. Present work reconciles the hydrophilic nature of methylammonium lead iodide with the apparent hydrophobic behavior in contact angle measurements, proposing a methodology for the study of contact angle on evolving substrates.
关键词： hybrid perovskites,atomistic simulations,degradation,molecular dynamics,PbI2
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46