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Hollow cage-like α-Fe <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> nanostructures: facile synthesis and excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance
摘要： Herein, α-Fe2O3 hollow cage-like nanostructures were prepared via a simple in situ template-assisted hydrothermal route. The results showed that the shell and the size of the α-Fe2O3 hollow nanostructures could be easily controlled by adjusting the amount of Fe source (FeCl3). By increasing the amount of Fe source, the size increases, and the shells are built up from the dense single nanoparticle aggregations to crosslinked nanoparticle aggregations with large cavities gradually. It is found that the surface morphology has great impact on charge separation and transport of the α-Fe2O3 cage-like nanostructures, too dense particle aggregations and too many large cavities are unfavorable for electron transport, only the product with an optimal primary particles and channels could exhibit good catalytic performance in photo-Fenton degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) with visible light.
关键词： cage-like,α-Fe2O3,photo-Fenton.,hydrothermal
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Oxidative Degradation of Tannic Acid in Aqueous Solution by UV/S2O82? and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ Processes: A Comparative Study
摘要： Tannic acid (TA) is a major pollutant present in the wastewater generated from vegetable tanneries process and food processing. This work studied TA degradation by two advanced oxidation processes (APOs): UV irradiation at the wavelength of 254 nm in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ferrous iron (photo-Fenton) and in the presence of potassium persulfate. The in?uence of certain experimental parameters such as K2S2O8, H2O2, Fe2+, and TA concentrations, initial pH and temperature was evaluated in order to obtain the highest ef?ciency in terms of aromatics (decay in UV absorbance at 276 nm) and TOC removals. Chemical oxidation of TA (0.1 mM) by UV/persulfate achieved 96.32% of aromatics removal and 54.41% of TOC removal under optimized conditions of pH = 9 and 53.10 mM of K2S2O8 after 60 min. The treatment of TA by photo-Fenton process successfully led to almost complete aromatics removal (99.32%) and high TOC removal (94.27%) from aqueous solutions containing 0.1 mM of TA at natural pH = 3 using 29.4 mM of H2O2 and 0.18 mM of Fe2+ at 25 ?C after 120 min. More ef?cient degradation of TA by photo-Fenton process than UV/persulfate was obtained, which con?rms that hydroxyl radicals are more powerful oxidants than sulfate radicals. The complete removal of organic pollution from natural waters can be accomplished by direct chemical oxidation via hydroxyl radicals generated from photocatalytic decomposition of H2O2.
关键词： hydroxyl radicals,degradation,photo-fenton,mineralization,UV/persulfate,sulfate radicals,Tannic acid
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Degradation of tetracycline by solar photo-Fenton: Optimization and application in pilot photoreactor
摘要： The objective of this study is to analyze the photodegradation of the antibiotic tetracycline by the solar photo-Fenton process. The optimal conditions were obtained in a 22 (2 × 2) factorial design with the following input variables: reaction time and catalyst concentration (ferrous ion [Fe2+]). After statistical analysis using the Statistica 7.0 software, the optimal conditions determined, time = 120 min and Fe2+ = 166.81 mg/L, were applied in a pilot scale photoreactor, resulting in an 88.7% removal of the drug. In addition, in this stage we studied the reaction kinetics, biodegradability, and phytotoxicity of the products generated by the process. In the kinetic study, a constant of 1.82 × 10?2 min?1 was obtained. For this constant, a reaction time of 38.16 min is required for the initial tetracycline concentration to be reduced by 50%. The biodegradability tests indicated a gradual increase in the five-day biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio over time. The phytotoxicity tests showed an 18.5% decrease in the inhibition rate of the root growth of lettuce seedlings, indicating that the treatment applied reduces the toxicity of the substance.
关键词： photo-Fenton,photoreactor,solar photocatalysis,biodegradability,tetracycline,phytotoxicity
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Photo-Fenton oxidative of pharmaceutical wastewater containing meropenem and ceftriaxone antibiotics: influential factors, feasibility, and biodegradability studies
摘要： The main aim of the present research, as the first study, was coupling of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ferrous ions (Fe2t) and UV irradiation in a photo-Fenton system to degradation two anti-biotics (e.g. meropenem and ceftriaxone) from aqueous solution. The tests were carried out at different experimental conditions namely solution pH, iron dosages, H2O2 concentrations, UV light intensities, temperatures, and initial antibiotic concentrations. The degradation rates of 99 and 96.2% were observed for respectively meropenem and ceftriaxone during 60 min treatment. Biodegradability tests illustrated that photo-Fenton system has a high performance in removing organic compounds and biodegradability enhanced remarkably after treatment.
关键词： homogeneous Fenton,mineralization,antibiotic degradation,Photo-Fenton oxidation,biodegradability
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Synergetic adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue by ZnFe <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>4</sub> /SiO <sub/>2</sub> magnetic double-mesoporous-shelled hollow spheres
摘要： Adsorption and Fenton technologies have been widely employed to deal with wastewater. ZnFe2O4/SiO2 magnetic double-mesoporous-shelled hollow spheres (MDSHSs) were feasibly synthesized by a solvothermal method. The as-synthesized MDSHSs show excellent adsorption and selectivity for methylene blue (MB), which it took about only 1 min to reach the adsorption equilibrium. About 50% MB was removed by adsorption, and other 50% MB was degraded under further photo-Fenton process. Effects of experimental conditions on the adsorption and photo-Fenton process were investigated. The mechanisms of MDSHSs formation and photo-Fenton process were proposed. Total organic carbon (TOC) reduction reached as high as 90% with 60 mg/L of MB for 90 min. The experimental results indicated that MDSHSs exhibit a remarkable adsorption and catalytic activity for photo-Fenton process in a wide pH range of 3.3–11.0. Simultaneously, the composite shows an excellent stability and reusability.
关键词： photo-Fenton,magnetic property,porous materials,ZnFe2O4/SiO2,adsorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Controlled Engineering Nano-sized FeOOH@ZnO Hetero-Structures on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Lithium ion Storage and Photo-Fenton Reaction
摘要： In this work, a nano-sized goethite and zinc oxide hetero-structure (FeOOH@ZnO) dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets to construct a ternary composite (FeOOH@ZnO/RGO) is first synthesized by a stepped graphene oxide (GO) deoxygenation process. Ferrous ion (Fe2+) and metal Zn were employed as reducing agents, which were transformed to corresponding FeOOH and ZnO nanoparticles to form a hetero-structure in the reaction. Particularly, the size of the nanoparticles can be controlled by limiting the growth kinetics in this work. As a result, porous RGO architecture is constructed with well-dispersed hetero-structured nanoparticles constituted by FeOOH and ZnO nano-crystals encapsulated. The FeOOH@ZnO/RGO composite exhibits unique lithium ion storage properties as anode for lithium ion batteries. And compared with the binary FeOOH/RGO and ZnO/RGO composites, the ternary FeOOH@ZnO/RGO composite shows the best battery performance as anode for lithium ion batteries and the best photo-Fenton degradation activity toward methylene blue (MB) degradation under simulated sunlight irradiation. The preparation route for FeOOH@ZnO/RGO composite is straightforward, effective and has great potential to be scaled-up.
关键词： zinc oxide,goethite,graphene,methylene blue degradation,photo-Fenton,lithium ion batteries
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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New Insights on the Photodegradation of Caffeine in the Presence of Bio-Based Substances-Magnetic Iron Oxide Hybrid Nanomaterials
摘要： The exploitation of organic waste as a source of bio-based substances to be used in environmental applications is gaining increasing interest. In the present research, compost-derived bio-based substances (BBS-Cs) were used to prepare hybrid magnetic nanoparticles (HMNPs) to be tested as an auxiliary in advanced oxidation processes. Hybrid magnetic nanoparticles can be indeed recovered at the end of the treatment and re-used in further water purification cycles. The research aimed to give new insights on the photodegradation of caffeine, chosen as marker of anthropogenic pollution in natural waters, and representative of the contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Hybrid magnetic nanoparticles were synthetized starting from Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts and BBS-C aqueous solution, in alkali medium, via co-precipitation. Hybrid magnetic nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of pH, added hydrogen peroxide, and dissolved oxygen on caffeine photodegradation in the presence of HMNPs was assessed. The results allow for the hypothesis that caffeine abatement can be obtained in the presence of HMNPs and hydrogen peroxide through a heterogeneous photo-Fenton mechanism. The role of hydroxyl radicals in the process was assessed examining the effect of a selective hydroxyl radical scavenger on the caffeine degradation kinetic.
关键词： hybrid nanomaterials,photo Fenton,caffeine,advanced oxidation processes,magnetic materials,bio-based substances
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Transformation pathway and degradation mechanism of methylene blue through β-FeOOH@GO catalyzed photo-Fenton-like system
摘要： To enhance the catalytic and separation properties of akaganéite nanoparticles, rice spike-like akaganéite impregnated graphene oxide (β-FeOOH@GO) nanocomposite was fabricated through facile hydrolysis. The apparent first-order decolorization rate of methylene blue (MB) in β-FeOOH@GO catalyzed photo Fenton-like system was 0.6322 min-1 about 3 folds that of prinstine β-FeOOH nanoparticles. The degradation intermediates of MB adsorbed on the solid surface of β-FeOOH@GO were comprehensively identified with time of flight-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) for the first time. Newly identified sulfoxide intermediates, sulphone intermediates and desulfurization intermediates and N-demethylaton or dedimethamine intermediates were reported for the first time. The proposed degradation pathway of MB predominantly proceeded with the rupture of phenothiazine rings oxided with ?OH, HO?? and singlet oxygen (1O2) radicals, which fully extending the reaction pathways proposed in previous work in literature. The enhanced catalytic activity of β-FeOOH@GO was ascribed to the formation of heterojunctions confirmed by the presence of Fe-O-C chemical bonds through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The complete elimination of MB and its acute toxicity to Luminous bacteria showed that β-FeOOH@GO would be served as a highly efficient Fenton-like catalyst for treatment of high concentration refractory organic contaminant.
关键词： Degradation mechanism,Graphene oxide,Methylene blue,β-FeOOH,Photo-Fenton-like reaction
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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An Integration of Photo-Fenton and Membrane Process for Water Treatment by a PVDF@CuFe2O4 Catalytic Membrane
摘要： Membrane fouling always decreases the separation efficiency and shortens the membrane life, which severely hinders the practical application of the membrane technology. The photo-Fenton process can degrade various foulants with the generation of hydroxyl radicals, and its integration with membrane filtration may become an efficient way to improve the antifouling property and filtration performance of the membrane. In this study, the CuFe2O4 particles were synthesized and doped in the PVDF@CuFe2O4 membranes with increasing concentration from 0 to 1.0%. The degradation measurement of methylene blue (MB) solution shows the optimal conditions for the photo-Fenton process as CuFe2O4 concentration of 1.0%, pH of 3.0, and H2O2 dosage of 400 μL. With the photo-Fenton cleaning process, the PVDF@CuFe2O4 membrane (1.0%) exhibits versatile antifouling property to different types of foulants, including organic dyes (e.g. MB and rhodamine B (RhB)), nature organic matter (e.g. humic acid (HA)), and protein (e.g. bovine serum albumin (BSA)). With the integration of photo-Fenton and membrane process, the PVDF@CuFe2O4 membrane (1.0% of CuFe2O4) dramatically enhanced the separation efficiency, with the results of 99.77% to MB, 81.02% to RhB, 36.35% to HA, and 82.94% to BSA. The flux and rejection have been increased respectively to threefold and double of the corresponding data from the membrane filtration alone. Moreover, even after fifteen cycles of experiments, the average MB rejection is still higher than 70%, which further indicates the good stability and reusability of the PVDF@CuFe2O4 membrane. Therefore, this study provides a promising methodology for the successful fabrication of high-performance membrane through the integration of photo-Fenton and membrane process, and further proposes a new strategy on the design and application of functional materials for new generation of catalytic membranes.
关键词： Membrane,Antifouling,Integration,Filtration,Photo-Fenton Catalysis,CuFe2O4
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Development and characterization of a continuous solar-collector-reactor for wastewater treatment by photo-Fenton process
摘要： Design, hydrodynamic modeling and performance characterization of a low cost, non-concentrating type solar-collector-reactor has been presented in this article. The reactor comprises of interconnected parallel channels, which are open at the top to receive sunlight. Because of its modular structure, the reactor can be easily scaled up to any required size. The hydrodynamic features of the reactor were investigated using computational fluid dynamic simulation along with the standard residence time distribution analysis. Primary performance characterization study was conducted in solar photo-Fenton remediation of two model pollutants, namely Trypan blue dye and Dichlorvos pesticide. Under optimum parametric conditions of pH, FeSO4-H2O2 dosage ratio and inlet concentration, the primary pollutants were recorded to degrade by more than 94%, which clearly marks the efficacy of the proposed design. In addition to the simulated wastewater, the reactor performance was also tested in treatment of effluent obtained from jute dyeing unit, where 58% COD reduction was achieved.
关键词： Solar photo-Fenton,Computational fluid dynamics (CFD),Open channel flow,Continuous reactor
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46