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Improvement of photocurrent and progesterone degradation by employing WO3 films modified with platinum and silver nanoparticles
摘要： The effect of silver (Ag0) and platinum (Pt0) metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on WO3 film was investigated by studying the photocurrent response under polychromatic irradiation. The structural phase revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates a monoclinic crystal nanostructure. WO3, Ag0/WO3, and Pt0/WO3 electrodes were used to degrade 0.35 mg L-1 progesterone hormone in aqueous solution under polychromatic irradiation for 3h. These studies on degradation were investigated under conditions of heterogeneous photocatalysis (HP) and electrochemically assisted HP (EHP). For photodegradation of progesterone, higher performance was achieved when WO3 was functionalized and when the EHP configuration was adopted with bias at +0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl. This work reveals that the incorporation of metallic NPs onto a semiconductor increases its efficiency, preventing electron-hole recombination in the photocatalyst and photoelectrochemical limitations of WO3 due surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the trapping state. Therefore, efficient advances in the degradation of organic contaminants during water treatment can be realized based on this study.
关键词： Progesterone photodegradation,Polychromatic irradiation,Metals nanoparticles,WO3 films,Photocurrent density
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Double-sided pyramid texturing design to reduce the light escape of ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells
摘要： Reducing the light absorption loss of ultrathin crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells is significant to achieve high photocurrent density and photoelectric conversion efficiency. Here, we designed and simulated ultrathin c-Si cells with front pyramids and double-sided pyramids. By adjusting the shape of pyramids, the maximum photocurrent densities reach 36.23 and 37.71 mA/cm2 for the cells with front pyramids and double-sided pyramids, respectively. The reflectivity spectrum indicates that the double-sided pyramidal architecture remarkably suppresses light escape and then enhances the light absorption in long wavelength range, which makes the absorption approach the Yablonovitch limit. The calculated conversion efficiencies of planar, front and double-sided textured cells are 16.94%, 19.65% and 20.45% respectively. Additionally, the difference between randomly and periodically textured cells was investigated and the results show that although the randomly front pyramid texture has a better light absorption in the range of 900–1200 nm, the periodically double-sided pyramids texture exhibit almost the same light absorption in the whole range as the random one. Besides, the solar cells with double-sided pyramids show extremely small angular dependence of incident light. Thus, the double-sided light trapping structure designed in the present work provides an alternative pathway to improve the performance of ultrathin c-Si cells.
关键词： Conversion efficiencies,Double-sided texture,Angular dependence,Ultrathin c-Si solar cells,Photocurrent density
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Super absorption of solar energy using a plasmonic nanoparticle based CdTe solar cell
摘要： Improving the photon absorption in thin-film solar cells with plasmonic nanoparticles is essential for the realization of extremely efficient cells with substantial cost reduction. Here, a comprehensive study of solar energy enhancement in a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin-film solar cell based on the simple design of a square array of plasmonic titanium nanoparticles, has been reported. The excitation of localized plasmons in the metallic nanostructures together with the antireflection coating (ARC) significantly enhances the absorption of photons in the active CdTe layer. The proposed structure attained super absorption with a mean absorbance of more than 97.27% covering a wide range from visible to near-infrared (i.e., from 300 nm to 1200 nm), presenting a 90% absorption bandwidth over 900 nm, and the peak absorption is up to 99.9%. For qualitative analysis, the photocurrent density is also estimated for AM 1.5 solar illumination (global tilt), whose value reaches 40.36 mA cm?2, indicating the highest value reported to date. The impact of nanoparticle dimensions, various metal materials, shapes, and random arrangement of nanoparticles on optical absorption are discussed in detail. Moreover, the angle insensitivity is essentially validated by examining the absorption performance with oblique incidences and it is found that the solar cell keeps high absorption efficiency even when the incidence angle is greater than 0°. Therefore, these findings suggest that the proposed broadband structure has good prospect in attaining high power conversion efficiency while reducing the device cost.
关键词： photocurrent density,titanium nanoparticles,plasmonic nanoparticles,broadband absorption,CdTe solar cell
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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High Photoconversion Efficiency Obtained from Novel TiO2 Photoanodes
摘要： High photoconversion efficiency for photoelectrochemical water splitting was obtained using nanocaves TiO2 and highly uniformed TiO2 nanotubes. The photoanodes were synthesized via electrochemical anodization of a titanium foil in a glycerol-based solution containing NH4F at 10 V. Pulse electrodeposition was used to incorporate Cu ions into the uniform TiO2 nanotubes. The photoconversion efficiency performance was examined under simulated visible light illumination (? ≥ 380 nm) in a 1 M solution of NaOH. The photocurrent density, the Mott-Schottky, the EIS, and the photoconversion efficiency measurements were determined. The highest photocurrent density i.e. 5.77 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE was obtained from nanocaves TiO2 photoanode. The incorporation of Cu resulted in a reduction in photocatalytic activity of the oxygen evaluation reaction (OER) and an increase of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
关键词： Titanium dioxide nanotubes,water splitting,Photocurrent density,Photoelectrochemical,Anodization
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Graphitic Carbon Nitride Impregnated Niobium Oxide (g-C <sub/>3</sub> N <sub/>4</sub> /Nb <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>5</sub> ) Type (II) Heterojunctions and Its Synergetic Solar-Driven Hydrogen Generation
摘要： Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) based catalysts are evolving in energy harvesting applications due to their robustness, nontoxicity, and most important photocatalytic efficiencies. In this work, we successfully engineered g-C3N4/Nb2O5 type (II) heterojunction via pulse sonochemical technique based on opposite charge-induced hetero-aggregation on the surface. The agglomerated spherical Nb2O5 nanoparticles (NPs) having diameter 30-40 nm observed on the lamellar surface of g-C3N4 in FESEM images. The XRD and XPS analysis confirm the orthorhombic phase and formation of the g-C3N4/Nb2O5 heterostructure. The FTIR spectra of g-C3N4/Nb2O5 show characteristic poly s-triazine bands from 1250 to 1650 cm-1. Moreover, g-C3N4/Nb2O5 exhibited the lower bandgap value of 2.82 eV as compared to Nb2O5 (3.25eV) with significant redshift and enhance visible light absorption. The Mott-Schottky (MS) analysis confirms the formation of heterojunction between g-C3N4 and Nb2O5, with significant band shifting towards lower hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) potential. The g-C3N4/Nb2O5 heterojunctions showed many folds enhanced photocurrent response from photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, and the value reached to – 0.17 mA/cm2 with good stability and insignificant dark photocurrent at 1.0 V vs RHE. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) measurements further elucidate the suppression of photogenerated electrons/holes as the radius of the semicircle significantly decreased in case of heterojunction formation. The enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation by the heterostructures could be attributed to the effective formation of heterojunctions between the g-C3N4 and Nb2O5 semiconductors, causing the migration of the photogenerated electrons and holes, hence increasing their lifetimes.
关键词： Pulse Sonication,PEC Water Splitting,g-C3N4,Photocurrent density,Nb2O5 NPs
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46