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Optical Properties of Nanohole Arrays with Various Depths
摘要： Studies to imitate structural colors have been conducted with various methods, most of which are disadvantageous for mechanical stability and economic feasibility because of complexity or lack of reproducibility. Numerous alternatives to overcome these shortcomings have been proposed. One such method is the anodic oxidation of aluminum, which requires relatively simple equipment and techniques. The present study used the aluminum anodic oxidation process to fabricate nanohole arrays of various sizes. Furthermore, using the finding that the structure color is the most strongly influenced by the nanohole depth based on the Bragg's Law, this study fabricated nanoholes of various depths to identify the structural colors arising from varied depths. This study further identified the colors from the same color series occurring periodically at each interval of 250 nm using the CIE 1931 color coordinate system. Moreover, nanohole arrays with two different depths were fabricated on a single substrate to confirm the coexistence of different colors and their capacity for deformation into various shapes.
关键词： Nanohole array,Structural color,Bragg's law,Anodic aluminum oxidation,Thin film effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Sol-Gel Preparation of Thick TiO<sub>2</sub> Films for Structural Coloration
摘要： We studied sol-gel processing of thick and crack-free TiO2 films to synthesize structural color materials. The viscosity of the alkoxide-based precursor sols was stabilized by the addition of acetyl acetone, which improved control of the spin coating thickness. We used a TiO2/SiO2/TiO2 triple-layer structure and second-order reflection conditions to produce structural coloration. This design yielded a sharp spectral peak and bright coloration; however, a TiO2 layer with a thickness greater than 200 nm was required, which is much thicker than that required for the first-order of reflection. Crack formation in the thick films was suppressed by the addition of ethyl cellulose to the precursor sols. As a consequence, color-tuned TiO2/SiO2/TiO2 films were successfully prepared and exhibited various bright colors in the visible light wavelength range, including two primary colors of light, namely blue and green. Green coloration from flake-shaped particles was also demonstrated.
关键词： TiO2,structural color,crack formation,flake-like powders,sol-gel method
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Structure Colors Realized by TiN-Si <sub/>3</sub> N <sub/>4</sub> -Si Nanostructure Array
摘要： In this paper, a nanostructure array is proposed to achieve a full-wavelength structural color in the visible range. The nanostructure is designed form of triangular prism which is composed of three layers of TiN, Si3N4 and Si materials. The cross section of the triangular prism is an isosceles triangle. By calculating the reflectance of such nanostructure array, it is found that the periodic variation has little effect on the scattering peak of the nanostructure array when we vary the cross-sectional area of the triangular prism and the period respectively. As the cross-sectional area of the triangular prism increases, the scattering peak shifts to red. According to our simulation, a variety of colors such as purple, green, cyan, orange, and red can be obtained. The proposed nanostructure array, which utilizes TiN as capping layer, can provide some new ways for realizing a sustainable structural color for various applications.
关键词： Periodic array,Structural color,Nanostructure
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Dynamic Structural Color from Wrinkled Thin Films
摘要： Structural color caused by thin-film interference is widespread and simple in nature. Many researchers have already showed the reversible color change of structural color system, but it is difficult to regulate dynamically with tunable intensity and viewable angle. Herein, a dynamic structural color platform is reported by combining spontaneous thin film interference and wrinkling phenomenon in nature. This robust yet low cost strategy enables large-scale and spatially arbitrary preparation of a uniform structural color surface through the whole visible spectral range. Furthermore, the prepared isotropic and anisotropic structural colors on disordered and ordered wrinkled thin films (WTFs) exhibit different optical properties that can be precisely and reversibly regulated by ultraviolet (UV) light and near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. This exquisite and tunable structural color platform may find applications in information storage, smart display, anticounterfeiting and encryption.
关键词： dynamic structural color,tunable viewable angle,thin film,reversible wrinkle
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A Plasmonic Paintera??s Method of Color Mixing for a Continuous Red-Green-Blue (RGB) Palette
摘要： The ability of mixing colors with remarkable results had long been exclusive to the talents of master painters. By finely combining colors at different amounts on the palette, intuitively, they obtain smooth gradients with any given color. Creating such smooth color variations through scattering by the structural patterning of a surface, as opposed to color pigments, has long remained a challenge. Here, we borrow from the painter’s approach and demonstrate color mixing generated by an optical metasurface. We propose a single-layer plasmonic color pixel and a method for nanophotonic structural color mixing based on the additive RGB color model. The color pixels consist of plasmonic nanorod arrays that generate vivid primary colors and enable independent control of color brightness without affecting chromaticity, by simply varying geometric in-plane parameters. By interleaving different nanorod arrays, we combine up to three primary colors on a single pixel. Based on this, two- and three-color mixing is demonstrated, enabling the continuous coverage of a plasmonic RGB color gamut and yielding a palette with a virtually unlimited number of colors. With this multi-resonant color pixel, we show the photorealistic printing of color and monochrome images at the nanoscale, with ultra-smooth transitions in color and brightness. Our color mixing approach can be applied to a broad range of scatterer designs and materials, and has the potential to be used for multi-wavelength color filters and dynamic photorealistic displays.
关键词： plasmonic color,nanophotonics,plasmonic lattice,color-printing,nanoantenna,structural color
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Effect of Defective Microstructure and Film Thickness on the Reflective Structural Color of Self-Assembled Colloidal Crystals
摘要： Structural color arises from geometric diffraction; it has potential applications in optical materials because it is more resistant to environmental degradation than coloration mechanisms that are of chemical origin. Structural color can be produced from self-assembled films of colloidal size particles. While the relationship between the crystal structure and structural color reflection peak wavelength is well studied, the connection between assembly quality and the degree of reflective structural color is less understood. Here, we study this connection by investigating the structural color reflection peak intensity and width as a function of defect density and film thickness using a combined experimental and computational approach. Polystyrene microspheres are self-assembled into defective colloidal crystals via solvent evaporation. Colloidal crystal growth via sedimentation is simulated with molecular dynamics, and the reflection spectra of simulated structures are calculated using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. We examined the impact of commonly observed defect types (vacancies, stacking fault tetrahedra, planar faults, and microcracks) on structural color peak intensity. We find that the reduction in peak intensity scales with increased defect density volume. The reduction is less sensitive to the type of defect than to its volume. In addition, the reflectance of structural color increases as a function of the crystal thickness, until a plateau is reached at thicknesses greater than about 9.0 μm. The maximum reflection is 78.8% ± 0.9%; this value is significantly less than the 100% reflectivity predicted for a fully crystalline, defect-free material. Furthermore, we find that colloidal crystal films with small quantities of defects may be approximated as multilayer reflective materials. These findings can guide the design of optical materials of variable structural color intensity.
关键词： crystal film,colloidal self-assembly,evaporation,defect,structural color
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Patterned resist on flat silver achieving saturated plasmonic colors with sub-20-nm spectral linewidth
摘要： Plasmonic color generation is a promising field of study that have the potential to produce paradigm-shifts in display and printing technologies. To produce vibrant colors, plasmonic surfaces decorated with complex corrugated or protruding structures have been the commonly adopted strategy for saturated structural color generation. However, it is particularly challenging to cover the full sRGB color gamut due to difficulty in achieving narrowband spectral response via plasmonic structures. Here we report a flat silver film decorated with 90 nm-thick resist nanostructures of low aspect-ratio feature (0.25–0.55). With such a facile and close-to-uniform morphology, we experimentally demonstrate sub-20-nm linewidth of full-width-half-maxima (FWHM) of reflection spectra in the visible range, realizing a color gamut comparable to that of ultra-high definition TV (UHDTV) in the chromaticity diagram. Our work breaks the conventional notion that sophisticated and high aspect-ratio plasmonic and dielectric nanostructures are indispensable, and highly saturated color are impossible for plasmonic nanoprinting. The unique structure enables an etch-free fabrication and recycling recipe, with the potential for mass production by nanoimprinting lithography and other applications including multicolor holographic projection.
关键词： sRGB color gamut,narrowband spectral response,Plasmonic color generation,nanoimprinting lithography,structural color
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Wide-Gamut and Polarization-Independent Structural Color at Optical Sub-diffraction-Limit Spatial Resolution Based on Uncoupled LSPPs
摘要： The decreasing pixel size of digital image sensors for high-resolution imaging brings a great challenge for the matching color filters. Currently, the conventional dye color filters with pixel size of several microns set a fundamental limit for the imaging resolution. Here, we put forward a kind of structural color filter with circular nanohole-nanodisk hybrid nanostructure arrays at sub-diffraction-limit spatial resolution based on the uncoupled localized surface plasmon polaritons (LSPPs). Due to the uncoupled LSPPs taking effect, the pixel could generate an individual color even though operating as a single element. The pixel size for the minimum color filtering is as small as 180 × 180 nm2, translating into printing pixels at a resolution of ~ 141,000 dots per inch (dpi). In addition, through both the experimental and numerical investigations, the structural color thus generated exhibits wide color gamut, large viewing angle, and polarization independence. These results indicate that the proposed structural color can have enormous potential for diverse applications in nanoscale optical filters, microscale images for security purposes, and high-density optical data storage.
关键词： Structural color,Wide color gamut,Uncoupled LSPP effect,Large viewing angle,Sub-diffraction-limit resolution,Polarization independence
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Reduced Graphene Oxide Membrane induced Robust Structural Colors towards Personal Thermal Management
摘要： Angle-independent structural colors are prepared by membrane separation-assisted assembly (MSAA) method with modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the substrate membrane. We show that the wrinkled and crumpled rGO laminates not only ensure uneven morphology of colloidal film but improve color saturation by decreasing coherent scattering. In addition, we study the influence of stopband position on thermal insulation property of the colloidal film for the first time. High absolute temperature difference of 6.9 oC is achieved comparing with control sample. And films with longer stopband positions indicate better thermal insulation performance because of inherent slow photon effect in photonic structure. This general principle of thermal insulation by colloidal films opens the way to new generation of thermal management materials.
关键词： angle-independent,thermal management,human body cooling,graphene,structural color
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optical Properties of <i>Greta oto</i> Butterfly Wings: Relation of Iridescence with Photonic Properties
摘要： This work presents an experimental and theoretical study about the optical properties of the wings of butter?y Greta oto. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to obtain the optical response of the sample as function of the incident light angle. It was possible to observe a shift in the maximum of the re?ectance spectra towards lower values of lambda when the angle of incident light increases. The theoretical modeling allows us to relate photonic behavior with the optical properties of the wings of butter?y Greta oto. In particular, photonic behavior could be associated with the iridescent phenomenon on the butter?y wings.
关键词： Greta oto Butter?y,Iridescence,Re?ectance,Structural Color
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46