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Athermalization of a self-assembled rolled-up TiO2 microtube ring resonator through incorporation of a positive thermo-optic coefficient material in planar bilayers
摘要： For the first time, this paper theoretically and experimentally investigates the thermal stability of optical filters based on self-assembled TiO2 rolled-up microtube ring resonators (RUMRs) by incorporating positive thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) materials (e.g., SiO2 and/or Si3N4). The influence of the TOC, refractive index, and thickness of the positive TOC materials on the filtering performance of the TiO2 RUMR is theoretically studied. The results illustrate that an increase in temperature leads to a blueshift in the resonant wavelength of the RUMR-based optical filter, which changes at a rate of ? 33.3 pm/K owing to the negative TOC of TiO2 (? 4.9 ± 0.5 × 10?5/K). By increasing the thickness of SiO2 or Si3N4 as a positive TOC material together with TiO2, the temperature-induced resonant shifts of TiO2/SiO2 and/or TiO2/Si3N4 RUMRs are theoretically obtained. The TIRS varies between ? 40 pm/K (? 22 pm/K) and about 30 pm/K (22 pm/K) for TiO2/SiO2 (TiO2/Si3N4) RUMRs. It is shown that thermal stability occurs when the thickness of the SiO2 (Si3N4) layer is ~ 16 nm (12 nm). At the end of this study, as a proof of concept, an experiment is demonstrated by fabricating an RUMR based on TiO2/SiO2 on the flat silicon wafer. The experimental results show that the athermalization of the system is experimentally achieved by selecting the appricated thickness ratio of TiO2/SiO2. This novel approach for athermalization of the resonators opens up interesting perspectives on the implementation of vertical and multi-routing coupling between photonic and optoelectronic layers and more specifically in a three-integration fashion.
关键词： TiO2,Rolled-up microtube ring resonators,SiO2,Athermalization,Si3N4,Thermo-optic coefficient
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Modeling the Temperature Dependent Material Dispersion of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids in the Vis-NIR
摘要： A thorough analysis of the refractive index of eleven 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids with three different anions, tetrafluoroborate BF4, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide NTf2 and trifluoromethanesulfonate OTf, is reported. Refractive indices were estimated, in the temperature interval from 298.15 K to 323.15 K, using an Abbe refractometer to determine the value at the sodium D line and white light spectral interferometry to obtain dispersion in the range of wavelengths from 400 to 1000 nm. The first part of the manuscript is focused on the dependence of refractive index with wavelength, temperature, cation alkyl chain length and anion nature. Once the main features are detailed, and in order to explain the experimental trends, a model for the refractive index is considered where its square is expressed by a single resonance Sellmeier dispersion formula. This formula has two coefficients, the first one identifies the position of the resonance in the spectral axis, and the second one specifies its strength. It was found that, for a given compound, the resonance's position is independent of temperature, while the strength varies linearly with it. This model reproduces successfully the experimental data within the refractive index uncertainty. Furthermore, the model allows calculating the thermo-optic coefficient and its wavelength dependence.
关键词： ionic liquids,refractive index,thermo-optic coefficient
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36