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Numerical analysis of earth-abundant Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 solar cells based on Spectroscopic Ellipsometry results by using SCAPS-1D
摘要： Mixed chalcogenide CZTSSe with earth abundant elements, inexpensive, environmental-friendly and impressive photovoltaic performance is a promising absorber material for kesterite thin film solar cells of third generation. In this work, a numerical simulation of p-CZTSSe/n-CdS heterojunction solar cells have been presented using one dimensional Solar Capacitance Simulator. The influence of composition, absorber thickness, defect density and working temperature on Voc, Jsc, FF and power conversion efficiency has been investigated. The optimized cell shows 23.16% efficiency with a Voc ~ 0.724 V corresponding to 40% of the ratio.
关键词： Composition and Spectroscopic Ellipsometry,Absorption coefficient,CZTSSe,Thin film solar cell,Third generation,SCAPS,Efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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From point by point to single shot: evolution of visually guided pulmonary vein isolation using the thirda??generation laser balloon catheter
摘要： Background: The third-generation laser balloon (LB3) became available recently. We aimed to describe the impact on procedural efficacy and safety of LB3 compared to the second generation LB2 for pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (PVI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: Consecutive patients treated with the LB3 for symptomatic AF were enrolled. As a control group the previous consecutive patients treated with the LB2 were analyzed. Acute procedural data and complications between two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 84 patients with LB3 (317 PVs, 75.9% Paroxysmal AF) and the previous 100 patients (387 PVs, 63.0 % Paroxysmal AF) with LB2 who underwent PVI were enrolled in this study. LB3 enabled significantly shorter procedural time (LB3: 60.6 ± 22.0 min vs LB2: 100.9 ± 21.5 min, P < 0.0001) and fluoroscopic time (LB3: 7.2 ± 3.5 min vs LB2: 8.6 ± 3.2 min, P = 0.0046). Complete PV isolation after initial circular ablation was achieved in 75.0% with LB3 and 77.7% with LB2 (P = 0.725). Optimal PV occlusion grade was the only independent predictor of successful PVI after initial circular LB3 ablation (OR: 0.190; 95% CI: 0.062 – 0.572; P = 0.0035). Balloon pinholes were recorded more often in LB3 group (LB3: 19.1% vs LB2: 7%, P = 0.0236) Conclusion: LB3 confirmed a high rate of visually guided PVI, foreshortening procedure duration and fluoroscopy use. However, the use of LB3 was associated with a considerable rate of pinhole balloon ruptures.
关键词： atrial fibrillation,visually guided ablation,pulmonary vein isolation,third-generation laser balloon
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Abuja, Nigeria (2019.8.20-2019.8.23)] 2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica - Recent advances in solar energy harvesting materials with particular emphasis on photovoltaic materials
摘要： The use of solar energy, as an alternative to the conventional fossil fuel based resources, has increased tremendously over the years due to its enormous and environmentally benign nature. In an effort to make solar energy harnessing more efficient and affordable, various technologies have been developed. The solar thermal technologies have achieved very impressive solar conversion efficiencies and are fully commercialized. However, PV technology is still undergoing rapid evolution in an effort to achieve high efficiencies and to reduce the cost. New materials, concepts and approaches in solar cell development have become the center of research in this field. This article gives a review on the progress of PV technology with a keen interest on the emerging PV materials that hold the prospects for achieving high efficiencies at low costs.
关键词： Photovoltaic materials,thin films,perovskite solar cells,third generation solar cells,Efficiency
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Comparison of the Amount of Temperature Rise in the Pulp Chamber of Teeth Treated With QTH, Second and Third Generation LED Light Curing Units: An In Vitro Study
摘要： Introduction: This in vitro study was designed to measure and compare the amount of temperature rise in the pulp chamber of the teeth exposed to different light curing units (LCU), which are being used for curing composite restorations. Methods: The study was performed in two settings; first, an in vitro and second was mimicking an in vivo situation. In the first setup of the study, three groups were formed according to the respective three light curing sources. i.e. quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) unit and two light-emitting diode (LED) units (second and third generations). In the in vitro setting, direct thermal emission from three light sources at 3 mm and 6 mm distances, was measured with a k-type thermocouple, and connected to a digital thermometer. For a simulation of an in vivo situation, 30 premolar teeth were used. Class I Occlusal cavity of all the teeth were prepared and they were restored with incremental curing of composite, after bonding agent application. While curing the bonding agent and composite in layers, the intrapulpal temperature rise was simultaneously measured with a k-type thermocouple. Results: The first setting of the study showed that the heat produced by irradiation with LCU was significantly less at 6 mm distance when compared to 3 mm distance. The second setting of the study showed that the rise of intrapulpal temperature was significantly less with third generation LED light cure units than with second generation LED and QTH light cure units. Conclusion: As the distance from the light source increases, less irradiation heat is produced. Third generation LED lights cause the least temperature change in the pulp chamber of single rooted teeth.
关键词： LED dental curing lights,temperature,QTH units,LED lights,pulp chambers,third generation LED lights,intrapulpal temperature rise
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Piezotronics and piezo-phototronics with third-generation semiconductors
摘要： When uniform strain is applied to noncentrosymmetric semiconductor crystals, which are piezoelectric, static polarization charges are induced at the surface. If the applied strain is not uniform, these charges can even be created inside the crystal. The applied strain affects electronic transport and also photonic processes, and thus can be used to tune the material properties statically or dynamically. As a result, two new fields have emerged, namely piezotronics and piezo-phototronics. This article reviews the history of the two fields and gives a perspective on their applications. The articles in this issue of MRS Bulletin highlight progress in these two fields, and this article places this progress into perspective.
关键词： piezo-phototronics,piezoelectricity,piezotronics,semiconductor transport,third-generation semiconductors
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14