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Well‐Defined Cu <sub/>2</sub> O/Cu <sub/>3</sub> (BTC) <sub/>2</sub> Sponge Architecture as Efficient Phenolics Scavenger: Synchronous Etching and Reduction of MOFs in confined‐pH NH <sub/>3</sub> ?H <sub/>2</sub> O
摘要： Fabrication of low-dimensional nano-MOFs as well as nanoparticles/metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) hybrids has sparked new scientific interests but remains a challenging task. Taking Cu3(BTC)2 as a proof of concept, it is demonstrated thats NH3?H2O solution of a confined pH value can readily shape the bulk Cu3(BTC)2 into nanoscale Cu3(BTC)2, beyond the need to control the crystal growth kinetics of MOFs. Adjusting the pH of NH3?H2O within a much small range (10–11) allows fine tuning over the size and shape of nanoscale Cu3(BTC)2. Particularly at pH = 11, NH3?H2O exhibits weak reducibility that triggers a reduction of part of Cu3(BTC)2 into Cu2O, while shaping the other into Cu3(BTC)2 nanowires. Benefiting from the coincidence of reduction and etching effects, the newly generated Cu2O dots can in situ anchor onto adjacent Cu3(BTC)2 nanowires at highly dispersive state, forming a well-defined sponge-like architecture built of Cu2O dots and nano-Cu3(BTC)2. The CuOx derived from annealing of the Cu2O dots/nano-Cu3(BTC)2 hybrid preserves the sophisticated sponge architecture and high porosity, and exhibits promising applications in phenol scavenging, with efficiency outperforming its counterparts and many other Cu-based catalysts reported in literature. It is anticipated that the findings here pave the way for the rational design of intricate nano-MOFs in a more efficient way.
关键词： nanoparticles/MOF,etching and reduction,sponge architecture,synergistic effect,low-dimensional MOFs
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Study of Power Consumption of Timepix3 Detector
摘要： The Timepix3 readout chip — the latest member of the Medipix family of hybrid pixel detectors — brought several new functionalities in comparison with the older Timepix, i.e. a high hit-rate, a time granularity of 1.5625 ns, a data-driven readout scheme (with a per pixel dead time of approximately 475 ns), and the capability of measuring Time-over-Threshold (ToT) and Time-of-Arrival (ToA) in each pixel at the same time. However, the high power consumption of the Timepix3 in the standard setting prevents its use in applications with limited power budget. Moreover, the high power consumption poses the risk of overheating the sensor so that proper cooling is crucial. The presented work investigates the effect of different settings in the analogue and a digital part of the Timepix3 detector on its power consumption. Measurements were performed with the Timepix3 chipboard. The firmware of the Katherine readout was modified so that the user can monitor the power consumptions of analogue and digital part “on-line” (directly in the control software). In standard settings, a power consumption of approximately 1.3 W was found. By changes of internal DACs, the consumption could be reduced to 650 mW. Further reduction was achieved by the change of the clock management in the digital part of the Timepix3. In result, a power consumption of 216 mA could be achieved. In these low power settings, the ToA clock was reduced to 10 MHz and thus the time binning was 100 ns. The energy resolution was not affected significantly. The pixel dead time is also negatively affected when the matrix clock is reduced. In the case of 10 MHz, the minimal per pixel dead time is 1.9 μs.
关键词： databases),Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems,Data acquisition concepts,hardware,algorithms,architecture
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Novel design of photocatalyst coaxial ferromagnetic core and semiconducting shell microwire architecture
摘要： We report a novel design of coaxial core-shell magnetic-semiconductor microwire, as a catalyst under sunlight irradiation. The nano/micro hierarchical architecture-like device is comprised of a coaxial core-shell microwire where the core is the ferromagnetic Fe metal and the shell is formed by a semiconducting hematite layer. The fabrication process of our substrate-free device is simply based on controlled thermal oxidation process revealing a simple and low-cost method. The hematite outer microlayer has a mesoporous structure decorated with nanowires. The ferromagnetic and metallic core assume fundamental importance as to mechanical stability, collect the generated photoelectrons, and to be removed back from the dye solution by a magnetic field gradient or simply a magnet. This nano/micro device has exhibited photocatalytic activity to degrade the methylene blue dye under simulated sunlight irradiation. Additionally, the coaxial magnetic/semiconducting can also be designed as a photoanode to drive water oxidation reaction. The coaxial magnetic/semiconducting photoanode response has shown good chemical stability and long activity under simulated sunlight radiation. In fact, this designed architecture gives novel perspective in the development of substrate free photocatalyst.
关键词： Photoelectrochemical performance,Hematite photoanodes,Photodegradation,Micro/nano architecture,Core-shell microstructures,Thermal oxidation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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CMOS image sensor for high speed and low latency eye tracking
摘要： Eye tracking, or detecting where the user is looking at, is expected as a new type of user interfaces, with including the phenomenon of rapid eye movement, so called saccade. However, real-time tracking of saccade is difficult with the conventional image processing systems for their long processing time and latency against the speed of saccade. In this paper, we describe the design of the CMOS image sensor for eye tracking with high speed and low latency capability, as well as its evaluation results.
关键词： saccade,CMOS image sensor,column parallel architecture,eye tracking
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF LIGHT INTERCEPTION TO GEOMETRICAL TRAITS OF APPLE TREES: AN IN SILICO STUDY BASED ON MAPPLET MODEL
摘要： The efficiency of light interception is a driving factor for plant transpiration and photosynthesis, and contributes greatly to plant growth. For a fruit tree, the efficiency of light interception is also a key factor to improve yield quality. Such efficiency is highly dependent on the tree geometrical and topological organisation which may vary between genotypes, or as a result of agronomic practices such as pruning. The purpose of this study was to use a functional-structural plant model, in order to find out the major geometrical traits that influence the efficiency of light interception in apple trees. MAppleT, an architectural model of apple tree, and VPlants, a software library that includes functionalities to simulate light environment, provided the basis for this work. The STAR, namely the silhouette to total area ratio of leaves, was used to evaluate the light interception efficiency. The general methodology contained three steps: (1) manipulation of a set of geometrical parameters in MAppleT, such as those related to internode elongation, leaf area expansion, and branching angle; (2) integration of the resulting tree architecture within the simulated light environment for calculation of STAR values at the whole tree scale; (3) analysis of the influence of the variation of each geometrical trait on the variance of STAR outputs. As expected, leaf area manipulation had the highest impact on STAR values. Interactions between input parameters were also found, and are illustrated in the case of leaf area versus internode length. This suggests that optimal combination(s) of the corresponding traits could be found, setting a target for genetic improvement, as well as physiological studies on real apple trees.
关键词： fruit trees,plant architecture,STAR,functional-structural plant modeling,virtual plants
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Characterisation of Timepix3 with 3D sensor
摘要： Tests were performed at the SPS facilities at CERN using a 40 GeV/c pion beam with prototype 3D-Timepix3 detectors (3D detector). A planar-Timepix3 (planar detector) was placed along the beam axis together with the 3D detectors in a telescope arrangement for comparison and reference. We demonstrate that the combination of 3D-geometry silicon sensors and Timepix3 module can reduce the effect of charge sharing and lowers the carrier drift-time, while giving the same spectroscopy performance without sacrificing the timing or any performance advantages of the Timepix3 module.
关键词： Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors,databases),Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems,hardware,algorithms,architecture
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore/Many-core Systems-on-Chip (MCSoC) - Hanoi (2018.9.12-2018.9.14)] 2018 IEEE 12th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore/Many-core Systems-on-Chip (MCSoC) - Designing Compact Convolutional Neural Network for Embedded Stereo Vision Systems
摘要： Autonomous systems are used in a wide range of domains from indoor utensils to autonomous robot surgeries and self-driving cars. Stereo vision cameras probably are the most flexible sensing way in these systems since they can extract depth, luminance, color, and shape information. However, stereo vision based applications suffer from huge image sizes and computational complexity leading system to higher power consumption. To tackle these challenges, in the first step, GIMME2 stereo vision system [1] is employed. GIMME2 is a high-throughput and cost efficient FPGA-based stereo vision embedded system. In the next step, we present a framework for designing an optimized Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for time constraint applications and/or limited resource budget platforms. Our framework tries to automatically generate a highly robust DCNN architecture for image data receiving from stereo vision cameras. Our proposed framework takes advantage of a multi-objective evolutionary optimization approach to design a near-optimal network architecture for both the accuracy and network size objectives. Unlike recent works aiming to generate a highly accurate network, we also considered the network size parameters to build a highly compact architecture. After designing a robust network, our proposed framework maps generated network on a multi/many core heterogeneous System-on-Chip (SoC). In addition, we have integrated our framework to the GIMME2 processing pipeline such that it can also estimate the distance of detected objects. The generated network by our framework offers up to 24x compression rate while losing only 5% accuracy compare to the best result on the CIFAR-10 dataset.
关键词： Deep Convolutional Neural Network,Stereo Vision Systems,Neural Processing Unit,Neural Network Architecture Search
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP) - Athens, Greece (2018.7.4-2018.7.6)] 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP) - Studying an Optimal Approach to Design Combined Fiber-Wireless Telecom Systems
摘要： We proposed a new approach to design interface hardware for next-generation telecom systems of combined fiber-wireless architecture based on nonlinear behavioral modeling in widespread off-the-shelf CAD tool NI AWRDE. To validate the approach, we research in detail a prospective base station operating in EU-assigned band (3.4-3.8 GHz) of 5G networks, which has easy-to-configure layout using the same cost- and power-efficient LW-VCSEL in downlink and uplink channels and direct modulation of LW-VCSEL in period-doubling state.
关键词： fronthaul fiber-wireless architecture,vertical cavity surface-emitting laser,base station,fifth-generation telecom network,computer-aided design
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Saint-Petersburg, Russia (2018.11.26-2018.11.30)] 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Development of Plugins for the Modeling Environment for Stages of Processing of Photo and Video Images Transmitted by Open Channels
摘要： The report describes the architecture and development process of the plugin for the simulation environment for processing of photo and video transmitted via open telecommunication channels.
关键词： image processing,design patterns,software,architecture
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Studies on Co-sputtered Al-Zn-Sn-O Films: A New TCO for Thin film Solar Cells
摘要： Hybrid analog/digital multiple-input multiple-output architectures were recently proposed as an alternative for fully digital-precoding in millimeter wave wireless communication systems. This is motivated by the possible reduction in the number of RF chains and analog-to-digital converters. In these architectures, the analog processing network is usually based on variable phase shifters. In this paper, we propose hybrid architectures based on switching networks to reduce the complexity and the power consumption of the structures based on phase shifters. We define a power consumption model and use it to evaluate the energy efficiency of both structures. To estimate the complete MIMO channel, we propose an open-loop compressive channel estimation technique that is independent of the hardware used in the analog processing stage. We analyze the performance of the new estimation algorithm for hybrid architectures based on phase shifters and switches. Using the estimate, we develop two algorithms for the design of the hybrid combiner based on switches and analyze the achieved spectral efficiency. Finally, we study the tradeoffs between power consumption, hardware complexity, and spectral efficiency for hybrid architectures based on phase shifting networks and switching networks. Numerical results show that architectures based on switches obtain equal or better channel estimation performance to that obtained using phase shifters, while reducing hardware complexity and power consumption. For equal power consumption, all the hybrid architectures provide similar spectral efficiencies.
关键词： channel estimation,precoding,Millimeter wave,hybrid architecture,switches
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01