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Measurement setup for differential spectral responsivity of solar cells
摘要： We have developed a setup for measuring differential spectral responsivities of unifacial and bifacial solar cells under bias light conditions. The setup uses 30 high-brightness LEDs for generating a quasi-monochromatic light source covering the wavelength range 290–1300 nm. Halogen lamps are used to generate bias-lighting conditions up to the irradiance level of 1000 W/m2. The setup has been fully characterized for spectral irradiances and spatial uniformities of all light sources. Validation measurements carried out using a reference cell of 2 × 2 cm2 area from Fraunhofer ISE demonstrated an agreement better than 2% over the wavelength range of 425–940 nm, with an expanded uncertainty of 2.6%. In the UV and IR regions, the discrepancies are higher but still within estimated uncertainties. The setup is also tested in measuring spectral responsivities of large 15 × 15 cm2 bifacial solar cells. The associated problems are discussed.
关键词： Radiometry,Bifacial,Solar cell,Spectral responsivity,Electricity,Efficacy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fabrication of flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell with superstrate-type structure using a lift-off process
摘要： Flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell with superstrate-type structure utilizing ethylene tetra-fluoroethylene (ETFE) was fabricated by a lift-off process. The advantages of the lift-off process performed under low temperature (below 100 °C) are to allow to deposit the CIGS layer under high temperature and to use ETFE as superstrate. The superstrate-type structure consists of ETFE/epoxy glue/ZnO:Al (AZO)/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/back contact, where the bilayer of ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/400-nm-thick AZO was used as the back contact. The optical and electrical properties of the bilayer of ultra-thin Au/400-nm-thick AZO were examined for the suitable back contact. It is determined that the transmittance of the bilayer of the ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO is reasonably suitable in view of optical property. The ohmic-like characteristic at the CIGS/ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO interface is attained. Consequently, the flexible and bifacial CIGS solar cell is realized by a lift-off process with conversion efficiency values of 6.2% for the frontside illumination and 0.9% for the backside illumination.
关键词： ETFE film,Superstrate-type structure,Flexible and bifacial solar cell,Copper indium gallium selenide,Lift-off process
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Fully Solution Processed, Stable, and Flexible Bifacial Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： Photon capturing is an essential step for the operation of a solar cell. In this article, we develop a bifacial solar cell with characteristics of double-side photon collection, transparent appearance, mechanical ?exibility, and facile processing. The whole device was fully fabricated by a spin-coating technique. A power conversion ef?ciency (PCE) as high as 2.46% has been achieved using the most prominent photoactive material, poly(3-hexylthiophene):(6, 6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM). The bifacial solar cell can retain 92% of its original PCE after 350 cyclic bending cycles at bending radii of 7.4 mm. In addition to the mechanical instability of the device, photochemical degradation is partially involved in the device operation. We believe that our device with its promising mechanical, physical, and processing features can serve as an essential power element to be integrated with other technologies for the next-generation self-powered technology.
关键词： polymer solar cell (PSCs),Bifacial solar cell,?exibility,mechanical stability,transparent device
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Bifacial, Color-Tunable Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells for Building-Integrated Photovoltaics
摘要： Recently, semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs) have received overwhelming attention due to their potential applications in building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and in tandem solar cells. The best ST-PSCs, despite the high efficiency achieved, still show limited bifacial properties and lack aesthetic properties. Here, we have demonstrated efficient bifacial colorful ST-PSCs using copper thiocyanate (CuSCN), as hole transporting material, in a n-i-p architecture. The n-i-p ST-PSCs exhibit the highest reported bifacial factor of 93.7% and achieved a bifacial equivalent efficiency of 22.1% when illuminated under 1-sun standard conditions on the front side and with a reflected albedo of ~ 54.4% from the back side. We have also demonstrated that the colorful appearance of CuSCN based ST-PSCs can be easily tuned across the entire visible spectrum by tuning the ITO (or CuSCN) thickness without affecting their final efficiency. The wide colorful tunability and excellent bifacial photovoltaic behavior of CuSCN based ST-PSCs make them a promising candidate for BIPV applications.
关键词： colorful perovskite solar cell,semi-transparent perovskite solar cell,perovskite,BIPV,bifacial solar cell
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Potential-Induced Degradation of Bifacial PERC Solar Cells Under Illumination
摘要： Bifacial passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) solar cells are promising candidates to reduce levelized cost of electricity since a rear-side power gain can be achieved with minor changes in cell production. However, in addition to the potential-induced degradation of the shunting type (PID-s), some bifacial solar cells may exhibit another degradation related to their rear side. Using three types of purchased industrial bifacial PERC cells encapsulated in our laboratory, we show that a rear-side PID test under simultaneous illumination can cause up to 14% power degradation, which is related to increased carrier recombination at the rear side of the cell. Thus, we ?nd that the degradation under realistic ?eld conditions is strong enough to signi?cantly reduce the bifaciality gains. This is of particular importance as only some of the investigated cells recover under dark conditions. Microstructural analysis of the PID-stressed rear side reveals localized permanent structural damages of the passivation layer leading to an increased rear-side recombination.
关键词： silicon corrosion,Bifacial solar cell,potential-induced degradation,passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04