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Self-Organized Conductive Gratings of Au Nanostripe Dimers Enable Tunable Plasmonic Activity
摘要： Plasmonic metasurfaces based on quasi-one-dimensional (1D) nanostripe arrays are homogeneously prepared over large-area substrates (cm2), exploiting a novel self-organized nanofabrication method. Glass templates are nanopatterned by ion beam-induced anisotropic nanoscale wrinkling, enabling the maskless con?nement of quasi-1D arrays of out-of-plane tilted gold nanostripes, behaving as transparent wire-grid polarizer nanoelectrodes. These templates enable the dichroic excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances, easily tunable over a broadband spectrum from the visible to the near- and mid-infrared, by tailoring the nanostripes’ shape and/or changing the illumination conditions. The controlled self-organized method allows the engineering of the nanoantennas’ morphology in the form of Au-SiO2-Au nanostripe dimers, which show hybridized plasmonic resonances with enhanced tunability. Under this condition, superior near-?eld ampli?cation is achievable for the excitation of the hybridized magnetic dipole mode, as pointed out by numerical simulations. The high e?ciency of these plasmonic nanoantennas, combined with the controlled tuning of the resonant response, opens a variety of applications for these cost-e?ective templates, ranging from biosensing and optical spectroscopies to high-resolution molecular imaging and nonlinear optics.
关键词： biosensing,plasmon hybridization,nanostripe dimers,self-organized nanoantennas,transparent nanoelectrodes,large-area metasurfaces,wire-grid polarizers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Au nano-urchins enabled localized surface plasmon resonance sensing of beta amyloid fibrillation
摘要： Early stage detection of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is of utmost importance, as it has become one of the leading causes of death of millions of people. The gradual intellectual decline in AD patients is an outcome of fibrillation of amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) peptides in brain. In this paper, we present localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based sensing of Aβ1-42 fibrillation using Au nano-urchins. Strongly localized field confinement at the spiky nanostructures of nano-urchin surfaces enables them to detect very low concentrations of Aβ1-42. In addition, the LSPR peak of Au nano-urchins, which is very sensitive to ambient conditions, shows significant responses at different fibrillation stages of Aβ1-42. Reduction in LSPR peak intensity with increase in the fibrillation is chosen as the sensing parameter here. This paper in this context provides LSPR based highly sensitive, label-free and real-time sensing of Aβ1-42 fibrillation that is highly advantageous compared to the existing techniques which require binding additives or fluorescent biomarkers.
关键词： Au nano-urchins,localized surface plasmon resonance,biosensing,amyloid beta,Alzheimer’s disease
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Mn-Doped ZnS Quantum dotsa?? An EffectiveNanoscale Sensor
摘要： Quantum dots (QDs), due inter alia to their colourtunable symmetry, narrow emission, broad absorption, stability, and solution processibility have received an upsurge of interest in the last decade as potential materials for diverse applications. Doped QDs, in particular, have gained significant attention as a new class of luminescent materials since dopants influence the optical behaviour of QDs. Therefore, doped ZnS QDs possess conspicuous properties like longer dopant emission lifetime and lower toxicity. The dopant emission lifetimes of transition-metal ions are longer than the energy-gap and defect-related luminescence of the host as well as the biological background fluorescence to offer immense prospect for removal of background fluorescence for sensing applications. Probes based on phosphorescence or fluorescence enhancement of QDs is crucial for the development of the detection capability. This current review highlights the optical property and various sensing strategies of Mn-doped ZnS QDs that make them exceptional probes for applications in sensing. The review not only intends to present an all-encompassing study of the well-documented usages of QDs, but is also rather addressing the current promising improvements, concepts, and excellent applications in research of doped QDs for chemo- and biosensing. Over 200 publications are overviewed and considered here in the perspective of leading applications in sensing dealing with for instance, fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence and biosensing features.
关键词： Quantum dots,chemosensing,Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots,biosensing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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The Antibody-Free Recognition of Cancer Cells Using Plasmonic Biosensor Platforms with the Anisotropic Resonant Metasurfaces
摘要： It is vital and promising for portable and disposable biosensing devices to achieve on-site detection and analysis of cancer cells. Although traditional labelling techniques provide an accurate quantitative measurement, the complicated cell staining and high-cost measurements limit its further development. Here, we demonstrate a non-immune biosensing technology. The plasmonic biosensors which is based on anisotropic resonant split ring resonators in terahertz range successfully realize the antibody-free recognition of cancer cells. The dependences of Δf and fitted phase slope (FPS) on the cancer cell concentration at different polarizations give new perspective in hexagonal radar maps. The results indicate that the lung cancer cell A549 and liver cancer cell HepG2 can be distinguished and determined simply based on the enclosed shapes in the radar maps without any antibody introduction. The minimum concentration of identification reduces as low as 1×104 cells/ml and such identification can be kept valid in a large range of cell concentration, ranging from 104 to 105. The construction of two-dimensional extinction intensity cards of corresponding cancer cells based on the wavelet transform method also supplies corresponding information for the antibody-free recognition and determination of two cancer cells. Our plasmonic MBs show a great potential in the determination and recognition of label-free cancer cells, being an alternative to non-immune biosensing technology.
关键词： terahertz,antibody-free biosensing,cancer cells,metasurfaces,continuous wavelet transform
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Visible light communication with efficient far-red/near-infrared polymer light-emitting diodes
摘要： Visible light communication (VLC) is a wireless technology that relies on optical intensity modulation and is potentially a game changer for internet-of-things (IoT) connectivity. However, VLC is hindered by the low penetration depth of visible light in non-transparent media. One solution is to extend operation into the “nearly (in)visible” near-infrared (NIR, 700–1000 nm) region, thus also enabling VLC in photonic bio-applications, considering the biological tissue NIR semitransparency, while conveniently retaining vestigial red emission to help check the link operativity by simple eye inspection. Here, we report new far-red/NIR organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a 650–800 nm emission range and external quantum efficiencies among the highest reported in this spectral range (>2.7%, with maximum radiance and luminance of 3.5 mW/cm2 and 260 cd/m2, respectively). With these OLEDs, we then demonstrate a “real-time” VLC setup achieving a data rate of 2.2 Mb/s, which satisfies the requirements for IoT and biosensing applications. These are the highest rates ever reported for an online unequalised VLC link based on solution-processed OLEDs.
关键词： Visible light communication,IoT,VLC,near-infrared,NIR,organic light-emitting diodes,internet-of-things,biosensing,OLEDs
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bioinformatics and enzymatics investigation of Trametes laccase for optical biosensing application
摘要： Laccase has recently drawn a considerable attention as a promising tool for optical biosensing application, mainly due to its attractive intrinsic optical properties. The discovery of a laccase with great enzyme stability is the principal step for enzyme-based optical biosensing application in in vitro environments. In this paper, we found that Trametes sp. SQ1 laccase retained more than 150% activity after storage in different conditions for 96 h, and the laccase activity was not affected by freeze–thaw. The reduced form of enzyme showed a new maximal increase in absorbance peak at 400 nm, while the fluorescence intensity of the oxidized form of enzyme was much stronger than that of the reduced enzyme. Therefore, Trametes sp. SQ1 laccase with good stability and optical properties will be a competitive candidate for optical biosensing application. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis on Trametes laccases revealed that the enzymes may be modified by N-glycosylation and have intermolecular disulfide bond for forming functional oligomer, which plays a role in stabilizing enzyme function. The results indicate that Trametes laccases are able to be with good stability. It will provide a guide in searching stable laccases for optical biosensing application.
关键词： Enzyme stability,Bioinformatics analysis,Trametes sp. SQ1,Optical biosensing,Laccase
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A review on sustainable routes of synthesis and applications of Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles and their Nanocomposites.
摘要： Nature acts like a “Bio-Laboratory” consisting of plants, algae, fungi, yeast etc. which are composed of bio-molecules. These naturally occurring bio-molecules play a vital role in the synthesis of Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (NPs) and their nanocomposites (NCs) with distinct shapes and sizes, thereby acting as a driving force for designing safer, greener and sustainable routes using less hazardous chemicals. The present review focuses on the eco-friendly protocols for synthesis of Cu2O NPs and their NCs, characterisation techniques and various applications in organic catalysis, biosensing, environmental remediation and medicinal chemistry. The pivotal role of Cu2O NPs and their NCs in catalysing coupling reactions (C-C and C-N), multicomponent, oxidation-reduction and heterocyclic reactions have been higlighted. It emphasises its role in sustainability of the environment and its range of versatility in heterogenous catalysis. Furthermore, their use in biosensing (electrochemical detection) generates special interest in bioscience and clinical diagnosis. Their significance ensures to build a bridge between academic research and safety of the surroundings.
关键词： green chemistry,medicinal applications,biogenic synthesis,environmental remediation,biosensing,catalysis,Cuprous oxide nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Metal enhanced fluorescence biosensing: from ultra-violet towards second near-infrared window
摘要： To increase disease survival rates, there is a vital need for diagnosis at very preliminary stages. Then, low concentrations of biomarkers are present which must be effectively detected and quantified for reliable diagnosis. Fluorescent biosensing is commonly enabled through the labelling of these biomarkers with nanostructures and fluorophores. Metal Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF) is a phenomenon whereby the intensity of a fluorescent biosensor signal can be considerably enhanced by placing a metallic nanostructure and fluorophore in close proximity. Importantly, this allows for an even lower detection limit and thus earlier diagnosis. In recent years, extraordinary efforts have been made in the understanding of how the chemical and physical properties of nanomaterials may be exploited advantageously. Via precise nanoscale engineering, it is possible to optimize the optical properties of plasmonic nanomaterials, which now need to be refined and applied in diagnostics. Through MEF, the intensity of this signal can be related in direct proportion to analyte concentration, allowing for diagnosis of disease at an earlier stage than previously. This review paper outlines the potential and recent progress of applied MEF biosensors, highlighting their substantial clinical potential. MEF biosensors are presented both upon assay-based platforms and in solution, with comments on the various metallic nanoparticle morphologies available. This is explored across various emission wavelengths from ultra-violet to the second near infrared window (NIR-II), emphasising their wide applicability. Further to this, the importance of near infrared (NIR-I and NIR-II) biosensing is made clear as it allows for higher penetration in biological media. Finally, by developing multiplexing techniques, multiple and simultaneous analyses of analytes can be achieved. Through the incorporation of metal enhanced fluorescence into biosensing, it will be possible to diagnose disease more rapidly and more reliably than before, with the potential to save countless lives.
关键词： nanomaterials,biosensing,Metal Enhanced Fluorescence,fluorophores,multiplexing,near-infrared
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Simple, Amplified, and Multiplexed Detection of MicroRNAs Using Time-Gated FRET and Hybridization Chain Reaction
摘要： Hybridization chain reaction (HCR) is a simple and sensitive method for quantifying nucleic acids. Current approaches cannot combine a washing-free sensing format with multiplexed target quantification at low concentrations, which would be highly desirable for detection both in solution and in situ. Here, we demonstrate the implementation of time-gated F?rster resonance energy transfer (TG-FRET) between terbium donors and dye acceptors into HCR for multiplexed quantification of microRNAs (miR-20a and miR-21) and their DNA analogues. HCR-TG-FRET provided washing-free nucleic acid quantification with very low limits of detection down to 240 attomoles (1.7 pM) of microRNA and 123 attomoles (0.88 pM) of DNA. Efficient distinction from very homologous microRNAs demonstrated high target specificity. Multiplexing with a single measurement, a single excitation wavelength, and a single FRET pair allowed for a simultaneous quantification of miR-20a and miR-21 at concentrations between 30 pM and 300 pM from the same sample. HCR-TG-FRET showed similar performance for serum-free and serum-containing samples without the use of RNase inhibitors. Our results present a significant improvement of current HCR approaches regarding simplicity, sensitivity, and multiplexing. The versatile diagnostic performance of HCR-TG-FRET even in challenging biological environments presents an important advantage for advanced nucleic acid biosensing.
关键词： miRNA,mRNA,fluorescence,diagnostics,DNA,biosensing
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Biosensing Using Arrays of Vertical Semiconductor Nanowires: Mechanosensing and Biomarker Detection
摘要： Due to their high aspect ratio and increased surface to foot-print area, arrays of vertical semiconductor nanowires are used in numerous biological applications, such as cell transfection and biosensing. Here we focus on two specific, valuable biosensing approaches that, so far, have received relatively limited attention in terms of their potential capabilities: cellular mechanosensing and lightguiding-induced enhanced fluorescence detection. Although proposed a decade ago, these two applications for using vertical nanowire arrays have only very recently achieved significant breakthroughs, both in terms of understanding their fundamental phenomena, and in the ease of their implementation. We review the status of the field in these areas and describe significant findings and potential future directions.
关键词： mechanosensing,vertical nanowire arrays,fluorescence detection,biosensing,semiconductor nanowires
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36