- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) - Perak, Malaysia (23–26 April 2019)] INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY (ISGST2019) - Single - phase phase locked loop with DC offset and noise rejection capability for photovoltaic inverters in distributed generation
摘要： Green and sustainable energy could not be realised without stable and reliable grid. When green energy such as photovoltaic (PV), is injected to the grid, it requires accurate synchronization (voltage, frequency and phase angle). This can be done via phase locked loop (PLL). The performance of the conventional PLL is poor due to steady-state error. Moreover, it fails to operate under weak grid condition, i.e., with dc offset and with noise. Although many PLLs have been proposed in the literature to eliminate the steady-state error, the performance of the PLLs under weak grid condition is still poor. In this paper, a new PLL is proposed to eliminate the DC offset and noise. The results show that the proposed PLL is able to completely eliminate the perturbation of 30 % DC bias, 0.095 W of noise, with a settling time of 150 ms. 10% of magnitudes of low order 3rd, 5th and 7th harmonics are also reduced considerably. Furthermore, the under shoot of the estimated frequency waveform is reduced up to 8 Hz. With the proposed PLL, the green energy can be harvested without any grid stability concerns.
关键词： photovoltaic inverters,phase locked loop,DC offset,noise rejection,distributed generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Photovoltaic Expansion-Limit through a Net Energy Metering Scheme for Selected Malaysian Public Hospitals
摘要： This paper presents an optimization approach in determining the expansion-limit of Renewable Distributed Generation (DG) capacity through a Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme specifically for selected Malaysian public hospitals. In this study, the total line loss reduction was analyzed and set as the main objective function in the optimization process where an acceptance region for DG extensiveness was proposed via the lower total line loss outcome value. Solar photovoltaic (PV)-type DG unit (PV-DG) was identified as the type of DG used in this paper. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm was chosen to alleviate such PV-DG optimization. The distribution network uses a bus and line data setup from the three selected Malaysian public hospitals prior to three different levels, i.e., National, State, and District level hospitals. MATLAB simulation result showed the PV-DG expansion capacity towards bigger scale and location bounded by the U-trajectory shape theory which resulted in a contradiction between NEM current maximum capacity requirement and actual PV-DG expansion-limit. These limitations were also found to be different among three different level hospitals, and the expansion-limit was tailored by their own distribution network parameters. Thus, this paper provides technical justification and gives the best option to the renewable energy (RE) developer for more effective PV-DG integration through the utilization of a NEM scheme. The importance of the study is portrayed in-depth towards achieving a more sensible and accurate way of estimating the outcome. This will encourage developers, building owners, and users in participating towards achieving potential benefits both in monetary and power system reliability improvement, specifically for Malaysian public hospital applications.
关键词： photovoltaic-type DG (PV-DG),maximum demand (MD),renewable energy (RE),artificial bee colony (ABC),distributed generation (DG),net energy metering (NEM)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT) - Yogyakarta, Indonesia (2019.7.24-2019.7.25)] 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT) - Effect of Distributed Photovoltaic Generation Installation on Voltage Profile: A Case Study of Rural Distribution System in Yogyakarta Indonesia
摘要： Distributed generation (DG) is one of the new approach in the installation of power plants which the plant location is no longer centralized, but it was spread on the distribution of electricity feeders. Nowadays, the application of distributed generation has increased because it is related to smart feeders and it was related to the development with clean, renewable energy technologies based on solar and wind. This supports government programs to use renewable energy in 2025 by 23% where 35,000 MW of 23% is solar panels in Indonesia. Large-scale development of distributed power plants can affect the conditions of the distribution feeder. Therefore, it is necessary to know the impact of the installation of distributed power plants. This study was conducted to analyze the effects of the penetration of the distributed power plant in this case photovoltaic in 2 cases of installation location. First, the distributed generation was placed in the center of the feeder. Second, distributed generation was placed at the end of the feeder. Simulation in this study was conducted using the Open Distribution System (OpenDSS) software with real data of rural distribution feeder in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The 20kV distribution feeder was used in this feeder, and it was divided into one feeder. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the impact of the power plant penetration spread on voltage and power losses in the distribution feeder, especially in the Bantul feeder. The results of the study show that the installation of distributed power plants enhances the voltage profile.
关键词： photovoltaic,open distribution system,distributed generation,distribution system
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
[IEEE 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT) - Vellore, India (2019.3.22-2019.3.23)] 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT) - Optimal setting and sizing of distributed solar photovoltaic generation in an electrical distribution system
摘要： In solar photovoltaic generation (SPVG) the sizing and setting of optimal of distribution is found very difficult. In this paper the optimal sizing and setting is found to be calculated by using beta distribution function (BDF) is used for the modulation of solar irradiance. The optimization problem is found and it is solved by using dynamic harmony search algorithm. The load is found uncertain and it is utilized by a boundary power flow. By considering the uncertainty of the load the new approach is done by using the radial electrical distribution system (EDS).
关键词： Dynamic harmony search algorithm,Renewable distributed generation,Electrical distribution systems,Boundary power loss
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
The application of hydrogen and photovoltaic for reactive power optimization
摘要： Hydrogen and photovoltaic (PV) are two typical new energies, which are important to sustainable development. Introducing hydrogen or PV into smart grid as distributed generation (DG) becomes a promising approach. These kinds of power generations will help the grid gather more energy and introduce new chances of grid management. In this paper, we will introduce an application of hydrogen and PV in reactive power control. PV is used for hydrogen harvest, and PV is variable and dependent on weather conditions compared with a conventional generator that produces a stable output. Photovoltaic hydrogen fuel-cell (PV-H2-FC) is introduced as DG, which connects to the grid. Adding hydrogen-based DG would help improve the quality of supply power. A genetic algorithm for DG site selection supporting DG cost optimization is proposed. Reactive power optimization (RPO) is an important function in planning for the future and daily operations of the smart grid system. Implementation of reactive power optimization based on the historical solution matching is also proposed, it considers the PV-H2-FC features and grid historical data, which uses Cosine distance for similarity measurement. The proposed RPO algorithm has a great advantage in calculation speed compared with traditional algorithms. The historical load data with the highest similarity are extracted, and its historical RPO scheme is applied to simulate the current RPO scheme. Results show that this method could help to find out an RPO solution effectively. The proposed solution would provide processing purposes for power company information data and further explore the supporting role of information resources in grid operations, which has broad social benefits.
关键词： Hydrogen,Distributed generation,Reactive power optimization,Photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Thermoeconomic Modeling and Parametric Study of a Photovoltaic-Assisted 1 MWe Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power System
摘要： In this study a small-scale, completely autonomous combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system is coupled to a photovoltaic (PV) subsystem, to investigate the possibility of reducing fuel consumption. The CCHP system generates electrical energy with the use of a simple gas turbine cycle, with a rated nominal power output of 1 MWe. The nominal power output of the PV subsystem is examined in a parametric study, ranging from 0 to 600 kWe, to investigate which con?guration results in a minimum lifecycle cost (LCC) for a system lifetime of 20 years of service. The load pro?le considered is applied for a complex of households in Nicosia, Cyprus. The solar data for the PV subsystem are taken on an hourly basis for a whole year. The results suggest that apart from economic bene?ts, the proposed system also results in high ef?ciency and reduced CO2 emissions. The parametric study shows that the optimum PV capacity is 300 kWe. The minimum lifecycle cost for the PV-assisted CCHP system is found to be 3.509 million €, as compared to 3.577 million € for a system without a PV subsystem. The total cost for the PV subsystem is 547,445 €, while the total cost for operating the system (fuel) is 731,814 € (compared to 952,201 € for a CCHP system without PVs). Overall, the proposed system generates a total electrical energy output of 52,433 MWh (during its whole lifetime), which translates to a unit cost of electricity of 0.067 €/kWh.
关键词： lique?ed natural gas,photovoltaic,autonomous system,energy ef?ciency,parametric study,thermoeconomic modeling,cost analysis,solar energy,distributed generation,cogeneration
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Maximum Power Photovoltaic Units Penetration under Voltage Constraints Criteria in Distribution Network Using Probabilistic Load Flow
摘要： Nowadays, the connections of Renewable Energy Sources to Distribution Networks are increasing in large number. In order to assess the performance of Distribution Network under normal operating conditions Probabilistic Load Flow analysis is necessary in order to take into consideration the stochastic behavior of Load Demands and Renewable Energy Sources (for example the Photovoltaics Generation Units). Generally, Deterministic Load Flow calculations are typically needed to assess the allowed Distributed Generation penetration level for a given network in order to ensure, for example, that Voltage limits are not exceeded. The present paper deals with the Probabilistic Load Flow using Monte Carlo techniques. The developed program allows probabilistic predictions of Voltages profiles at all buses or nodes of a Distribution Networks. A practical case is also discussed to show the application of the study in order to assess the maximum Photovoltaic power penetration that can be installed into a Distribution Network without violating Voltage Constraints.
关键词： Distribution Network,Distributed Generation,Probabilistic Load Flow,Photovoltaic Units,Renewable Energy Sources
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
-
Investigating the Performance Improvement of a Photovoltaic System in a Tropical Climate using Water Cooling Method
摘要： The performance of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) system is greatly reduced with the increase of the temperature of the solar panels, especially in the tropics. In this study, a water-film cooling system was installed onto a retrofitted rooftop PV system, which is operating as a distributed generation system. The experiment shows that this method not only can reduce the thermal stress between the front and the back surfaces of the solar panels, it also minimises the non-uniform distribution of temperature across different positions of the solar panels. Besides, the cooling system with an optimal cooling water flow rate of 6 L/min can improve the power output by 32 W per 260-W-rated-PV-module (15% improvement) and with the net energy gain of 0.0178 kWh/hour/panel at 1150 W/m2 solar irradiance. In addition, the collected rainwater from the site is sufficient to cover the water needs for the cooling system. This method justifies that the proposed water-cooling method is technically feasible to provide a positive energy generation for a photovoltaic system.
关键词： temperature reduction,water cooling,distributed generation,photovoltaic performance,tropical climate
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
-
Solar Photovoltaic Distributed Generation in Brazil: The Case of Resolution 482/2012
摘要： The current electric generation in Brazil to meet its demand is based on centralized electricity generation, however, a new decentralized model is emerging in light of the recent advance of distributed generation (DG), among them, solar photovoltaic DG. The objective of this article is to present an analysis of the evolution of solar photovoltaic DG in Brazil, after the Normative Resolution (NR) No. 482/2012 of the National Electric Energy Agency (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica - ANEEL). The methodology used was based on an exploratory, descriptive and bibliographic study that supported an information analysis on the growth and prospects of solar photovoltaic DG market in Brazil. Hypotheses that current national regulations need improvements, and there is a great potential for expansion to solar photovoltaic DG have been taken as a starting point. Analyzes of the Brazilian socioeconomic context and the impacts after the NR No.482/2012 on the development of a national market for photovoltaic DG in recent years were carried out. ANEEL regulations have been periodically revised and updated in an attempt to induce a growth of solar photovoltaic market in Brazil. The results indicate a growth of solar photovoltaic DG in the country since 2012, with a significant increase in 2015. In conclusion, despite the growing evolution of solar photovoltaic DG in Brazil, there is a need for further regulatory improvements to boost this market. In addition, this article proposes that existing regulations could be improved in order to: a) reduce or exempt taxes on equipment of solar photovoltaic DG, as well as provide government incentives; (b) enable consumers to enjoy greater benefits by allowing the surplus energy to be sold to the distributor or the free market; c) exempt taxes for non-profit institutions, and d) include in housing programs and projects, the requirement of energy efficiency and solar photovoltaic DG.
关键词： Distributed Generation,Normative Resolution ANEEL 482/2012,Brazil,Solar Photovoltaic,Regulation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
-
[IEEE 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) - Gramado, Brazil (2019.9.15-2019.9.18)] 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) - Local volt/var Control Strategy for Smart Grids using Photovoltaic Smart Inverters
摘要： This paper presents further study for a new local volt/var control (VVC) methodology, using the smart inverters applied in the connection of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation (DG) to the electric grid. The VVC is a highly beneficial functionality to an electrical distribution system, especially when considering its modernization, with further use of communication technologies and on-site generation. Thus, by using DG inverters on medium and low voltage levels, this system benefits from both those concepts, as it helps the voltage regulation by either absorbing or supplying reactive power to the distribution network. A modified IEEE 34 buses test grid is used to demonstrate the local VVC strategy with the addition of 8 photovoltaic generators. The results were obtained from the OpenDSS and MATLAB softwares for model control and simulation. The methodology was analyzed and tested considering two different cases: following the ABNT NBR 16149 standard and disregarding its limits.
关键词： Volt/var Control,Distributed Generation,Distribution Network,Photovoltaic System,Smart Inverter
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22