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ITC‐2Cl: a Versatile Middle‐Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor for High‐Efficiency Panchromatic Ternary Organic Solar Cells
摘要： An effective way to improve the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) is to use the ternary architecture consisting of a donor, an acceptor, and a third component. Identifying the proper third component for successful ternary OSCs, however, is not an easy task. Here, we demonstrate that a middle-bandgap acceptor, ITC-2Cl, functions as a successful third component for several wide-bandgap donor: ultra-narrow bandgap acceptor binary systems (PBDB-T-2F: F8IC, PBDB-T-2F: IOIC-2Cl, PBDB-T-2Cl: IOIC-2Cl). Photovoltaic parameters, including VOC, JSC, FF, and PCE, are effectively improved by incorporating ITC-2Cl, which lies in the complementary absorption of ITC-2Cl and host binary system, high-lying LUMO level of ITC-2Cl, and the inhibition of bimolecular recombination. The ternary device based on PBDB-T-2Cl: ITC-2Cl: IOIC-2Cl achieves a champion PCE of 14.75% (certified as 13.78%) with a very low energy loss of 0.48 eV. These results provide critical insight into the ternary strategy and encourage re-evaluation and re-study of the photoactive materials previously reported with moderate performance.
关键词： ternary organic solar cells,non-fullerene acceptor,panchromatic,energy loss
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Achieving Organic Solar Cells with efficiency over 14% based on a non-Fullerene Acceptor incorporating the Cyclopentathiophene unit Fused backbone
摘要： The cyclopentadithiophene (CPT) unit is a classic building block for constructing organic semiconductor materials with excellent performances. In this work, we designed and synthesized a new acceptor BCPT-4F, incorporating a CPT fused central backbone. BCPT-4F shows a redshift absorption in near-infrared region compared with CPT based acceptors with unfused backbone. Importantly, the photovoltaic device based on PBDB-T:BCPT-4F gave a promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.43% with a high short circuit current density of 22.96 mA cm?2. Furtherly,based on the above binary device, the ternary device with F-Br as the third component achieved a high PCE of 14.23%, which is presently the highest efficiency for devices with CPT based photovoltaic materials.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,non-fullerene acceptor,ternary device,cyclopentadithiophene,organic photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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17.1%-Efficiency organic photovoltaic cell enabled with two higher-LUMO-level acceptor guests as the quaternary strategy
摘要： Quaternary blended organic solar cells utilize four blended material components (one donor plus three acceptors, two donors and two acceptors, or three donors plus one acceptor) as the active layer materials. The use of four material components allows us to have more material selections and more mechanism choices to improve the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. In this contribution, we present a new case of quaternary material system, that shows 17.1% efficiency obtained by adding IDIC and PC71BM as the guest acceptors of the host binary of PM6:Y6. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of IDIC and PC71BM are both higher than that of Y6, which is one reason to obtain increased open-circuit voltage (Voc) in the quaternary device. Upon introduction of IDIC and PC71BM as the acceptor guests, the hole and electron mobilities are both increased, which contributes to the increased short-circuit current-density (Jsc). Effects of the weight ratios of the three acceptor components are investigated, which demonstrates that the increased hole and electron mobilities, the accelerated hole-transfer, and the reduced monomolecular recombination are the factors contributing to the increased Jsc and fill-factor. This case of quaternary device demonstrates the applicability of the quaternary strategy in increasing the device functions and hence the efficiencies in the field of organic photovoltaic cells.
关键词： small-molecule acceptor,organic photovoltaic,quaternary solar cell,nonfullerene,fullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhanced performance of P3HT-based non-fullerene polymer solar cells by optimizing film morphology using non-halogenated solvent
摘要： Increasing research interests have been paid to developing efficient polymer solar cells by using integrating non-fullerene acceptors with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), owing to the low-cost, promising performance and excellent stability. Here we systematically studied how processing solvents influence the overall performances of polymer solar cells using P3HT as the electron donor. It is very interesting to note that the devices processed with the non-halogenated solvent, 2-methylanisole in presence of 1-methylnaphthalene as solvent additive, exhibit reduced bimolecular and trap-assisted monomolecular recombination, facile charge extraction and enhanced charge carrier mobilities. Careful morphological investigation revealed that the optimizing crystallites, phase purity as well as nanofibrous structure is effective to the enhancement of charge generation and transport. It is also worth noting that these P3HT:O-IDTBR based devices processed with these non-halogenated solvents exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency of 7.1% with a high fill factor of 75.09% on a device area of 0.05 cm2, and the efficiency remained 6.89% even in a device with large active layer area of 1 cm2, while also showing promising thermal stability. This study provides a new scope of processing P3HT based polymer solar cells by using non-halogenated solvents, which is compatible and has great promise for future applications.
关键词： large-area,polymer solar cell,poly(3-hexylthiophene),non-halogenated solvent,non-fullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Corea??twisted tetrachloroperylenediimides: lowa??cost and efficient nona??fullerene organic electrona??transporting materials for inverted planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this work, we introduced the core-twisted tetrachloroperylenediimides (ClPDIs) as new efficient electron-transporting materials (ETMs) to replace the commonly used fullerene acceptor (PC61BM) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The ClPDI shows a low-lying LUMO energy level of -3.95 eV, which is compatible to the conduction band of MAPbI3-XClX (-3.90 eV). In addition, we investigated the role of the alkyl side chain length at the imide position on ClPDI in modulating the molecular solubility, aggregation capacity for charge transport properties, surface hydrophobicity and perovskite solar cell performances. The device based on ClPDI-C4 (ClPDI with n-butyl side chains) as ETM achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.3% under the standard AM 1.5G illumination, which is very competitive to the reference device employing PC61BM/C60 (PCE= 17.2%) as ETM. Moreover, the devices with ClPDIs as ETMs exhibit better device stability than that with PC61BM/C60. This work highlights the great potential of ClPDI derivatives as the low cost (~2.0 USD per gram) and efficient ETMs to achieve efficient solution-processed inverted PSCs. We believe this class of ClPDI derivatives that will further promote the performance and stability of PSCs after extended investigation.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,electron-transporting material,perylenediimide,non-fullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Optoelectronic properties and aggregation effects on the performance of planar versus contorted pyrene-cored perylenediimide dimers for organic solar cells
摘要： In this work, we present a new strategy to develop small molecules based on perylenediimde (PDI) with fused and contorted conjugated backbones as electron acceptors for fullerene-free organic solar cells. The two new electron acceptors, 27-Py-PDI and 49-Py-PDI, containing binary PDI units fused with pyrene at different positions were structurally isomers, which were investigated systematically. Theoretical calculations indicated that the two positional isomers exhibit distinct molecular geometries (planar for 27-Py-PDI vs contorted for 49-Py-PDI), which lead to huge differences on their synthetic methods, aggregation effects and their optoelectronic properties. The effects of structural isomerism on the molecular geometry, optical spectra, energy levels, charge carrier mobility and the morphology discrepancies as well as the corresponding photovoltaic performance were fully investigated. Temperature-dependent 1H NMR and the film UV-vis spectroscopy were used to study the molecular aggregation behaviors. Calculations of nuclear independent chemical shifts (NICS) indicate significant difference of the aromaticity between the isomers. Blended with donor materials of PTB7-Th to fabricate the inverted solar cells, an encouraging PCE of 4.53% along with an impressive open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.0 V (higher than the other acceptors based on PDIs and the PC71BM) were achieved by using 49-Py-PDI, which were superior to those of its isomer 27-Py-PDI (2.51%). The work suggests that introducing rigid and contorted features into fully fused acceptors based on PDI motifs can enhance the interface energy gap (?EDA), extend the π-delocalization and decrease the conformational disorder resulting into improved VOC without sacrificing JSC in OPV devices. This design strategy by introducing rigid and steric hindrance to increase intermolecular strain to construct fully ring fused contorted acceptors is an effective approach for the development of novel NFAs.
关键词： fused perylenediimides,pyrene core,non-fullerene acceptors,contorted conformation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Non-fullerene acceptor fibrils enable efficient ternary organic solar cells with 16.6% efficiency
摘要： Optimizing the components and morphology within the photoactive layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) can significantly enhance their power conversion efficiency (PCE). A new A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptor IDMIC-4F is designed and synthesized in this work, and is employed as the third component to prepare high performance ternary solar cells. IDMIC-4F can form fibrils after solution casting, and the presence of this fibrillar structure in the PBDB-T-2F:BTP-4F host confines the growth of donors and acceptors into fine domains, as well as acting as transport channels to enhance electron mobility. Single junction ternary devices incorporating 10 wt% IDMIC-4F exhibit enhanced light absorption and balanced carrier mobility, and achieve a maximum PCE of 16.6% compared to 15.7% for the binary device, which is a remarkable efficiency for OSCs reported in literature. This non-fullerene acceptor fibril network strategy is a promising method to improve the photovoltaic performance of ternary OSCs.
关键词： ternary solar cells,non-fullerene acceptor fibrils,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Fullerene's ring: A new strategy to improve the performance of fullerene organic solar cells
摘要： Fullerene is a common acceptor of organic solar cells (OSCs), therefore, it is of great significance to improve the performance of fullerene OSCs. Meanwhile, π-π stacking plays a crucial part in charge transfer and transport, so improving π-π stacking of fullerene OSCs is vital for achieving high efficiency in OSCs. In this work, we report a new strategy of adding [9]cycloparaphenylene ([9]CPP) as the third component in active layers, which affects the π-π stacking and improves the short-circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF). As a result, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.03% was obtained in PTB7-Th:[9]CPP:PC71BM ternary OSCs, which is nearly 20% higher than that of binary devices. At the same time, after [9]CPP is added PBDB-T:PC71BM and PTB7-Th:PCBM binary OSCs the PCE increases by 20% and 10% respectively. [9]CPP and fullerene acceptors formed [9]CPP?fullerenes system due to concave-convex π-π interactions, which was verified by density functional theory (DFT), and this system is first reported in OSCs. [9]CPP?fullerenes system affects the π-π stacking of acceptors, not only promotes charge transfer between donor and acceptor, but also enhances charge transport between the acceptor, thus improving the JSC. Furthermore, with the help of [9]CPP?fullerene system, the whole film is formed a nano-inter-transmission network, obtained a better appearance and improved FF. The results show that encapsulating fullerene of [9]CPP is indeed a resultful strategy for improving the performance of fullerene OSCs.
关键词： organic solar cells,cycloparaphenylenes,fullerene acceptors,ternary solar cell
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Polyolefin Elastomer as the Anode Interfacial Layer for Improved Mechanical and Air Stabilities in Non-fullerene Solar Cells
摘要： Despite the breakthroughs in power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of organic solar cells (OSCs), the other important issue concerns stability, which is urgently needed to be resolved for potential commercialization. A commercial and chemically stable polyolefin elastomer (POE) was incorporated into high-performance PBDB-T:ITIC, PM6:IT-4F and PM6:Y6 non-fullerene systems to serve as the anode interfacial layer, affording remarkably improved mechanical and air stabilities when compared with those of the most studied MoO3 interfacial layer. The POE was found to selectively transport holes rather than electrons, due to the upshifted surface contact potential of active layer and the better ohmic contact between active layer and electrode. The POE serving as an encapsulating layer is supposed to suppress the penetration of water and oxygen in addition to the diffusion of Ag atoms into active layer. After storing in an air environment with a humidity of approximately 70% for 150 days, the PCE of the device based on PM6:IT-4F with the POE anode interfacial layer decreased from 11.88% to 9.60%, retaining 80.8% of its original PCE value. The device using MoO3 as the anode interfacial layer showed a PCE value that was sharply reduced from 12.31% to 2.98% after storing for only 30 days. The POE could be potentially useful for flexible and large-scale device fabrication, accelerating the commercialization of OSCs.
关键词： stability,polyolefin elastomer,non-fullerene,organic solar cells,interfacial layer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Tuning opto-electronic properties of alkoxy-induced based electron acceptors in infrared region for high performance organic solar cells
摘要： Limitations of fullerene-based acceptors for organic solar cell have driven the scientific community to design and synthesize non-fullerene acceptors. In this regard, we have designed four new molecules designated here S1-S4 containing Alkoxy-Induced Naphtho-dithiophene donor unit and 2-(5,6-difluoro-2-methylene-3-xo-2,3-dihydrinden-1-ylidene)malonoitrile acceptor moiety attached with different bridge units. The electronic and optical properties of the designed molecules S1-S4 are compared with the recently reported reference molecule R. The bridge units are, thiophene (S1), 2-fluorothiophene (S2), 2-(thiophe-2-yl)thiophene (S3) and 2-(4-fluorothiophen-2-yl)thiophene (S4). The designed molecule S3 shows absorption maximum in near infra-red (NIR) region at 830.0 nm and 910.6 nm in gas phase and chloroform solvent, respectively. The energy gaps of designed molecules are lower than that of the reference R, which reveal high charge transfer for the designed molecules. Among all, S3 has the lowest energy gap (1.68 eV). Open circuit voltages (Voc) calculation are performed with well-known PTB7-Th donor. Voc of all the molecules are higher than R where the maximum Voc of 1.92V is calculated for S2. Low reorganization energies of our designed molecule reflect high charge transfer rate with respect to R. Among all designed molecules, S3 has the highest electron mobility.
关键词： Alkoxy induced,Reorganization energy,Transition density matrix,Non-fullerene acceptor,Thiophene,Charge Transfer,Open circuit voltages
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59