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[IEEE 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2) - Beijing, China (2018.10.20-2018.10.22)] 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2) - Design and Implementation of Surge Protective Device for Solar Panels
摘要： Researchers for decades have utilized solar radiation as a sustainable renewable energy source. In this regard, Photovoltaic (PV) panels are satisfying the production of green energy and clean power. Frequently, these panels need to install on rooftops outdoor fields for maximum sun light feeding, to electricity. However, such PV systems installations are prone to direct or indirect lightning strikes. Herein, an impulse generator is designed to produce 750 V pulses for low voltage side to test the validity of our proposed surge protective device (SPD) as type-2. Moreover, the impulse generator provides 1.2/50μs and 8/20μs normalized voltage and current pulses, respectively. This approach controls the over-voltage caused by indirect lightening and thus protect solar panel systems. Furthermore, in the design of SPD, different components such as gas-discharge tube, transient voltage suppresser, metal oxide Varistor and Zener diodes are used to manage the impulse voltage at acceptable level. These results further highlighting the validity of implemented hardware.
关键词： MPPT,Photovoltaic panels,smart grid,Indirect lightning,Surge protective device
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 Seventh Balkan Conference on Lighting (BalkanLight) - Varna (2018.9.20-2018.9.22)] 2018 Seventh Balkan Conference on Lighting (BalkanLight) - Influence investigation of the illumination on the quality indicators of the signal security activity
摘要： The publication represents the thesis that illumination is one of the important but often underestimated factors for the achievement of high quality signal security activities (SSA), especially in the part related to the efficient operation of the Mobile Security Patrol (MSP). Тhe speed of the MSP response, the possibilities of obtaining real information about the environment of the guarded object and the adequate counteraction of the intruders has been examined under the impact of the lightning. The risks of the process and the possibilities for its improvement at each step are examined and analyzed by applying a set of technical and organizational measures to ensure sufficient and reliable lightning. During the research is used simplified technology, that includes problems' visualization and the solutions are represented with a diagram and a table, which contributes to more clearly defined inconsistencies and corrective actions. The technology could be incorporated into the management systems of SSA as one of the means for improvement, according to the requirements of point 10 'Improvement', of management standards ISO 9001:2015, ISO 27001:2013, ISO 45001:2018 и ISO 18788:2015
关键词： signal security,risk,security,mobile security patrol,Lightning,quality
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Extraction of uncertain parameters of a single-diode model for a photovoltaic panel using lightning attachment procedure optimization
摘要： The aim of this work is to improve the estimation of parameters of solar photovoltaic models. An approach based on lightning attachment procedure optimization, which takes into account the uncertainties of measurements, is proposed. The approach includes three steps: the extraction of the parameters in a conventional manner, the determination of the partial uncertainties of all the parameters, and finally the determination of the instantaneous parameters based on the results of the first two steps. To validate the proposed theoretical developments, the approach is applied to four different photovoltaic parameter estimation problems. The results obtained are compared with those given by well-established algorithms to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, revealing that the proposed method exhibits very effective performance with a root-mean-square error on the order of 1 × 10?17, compared with 1 × 10?4 for existing literature methods.
关键词： Lightning attachment procedure optimization,Photovoltaic modeling,Parameter estimation,Uncertain measurements
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[ASME ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA (Friday 9 November 2018)] Volume 1: Advances in Aerospace Technology - Lightning Strike Protection and EMI Shielding of Fiber Reinforced Composite Using Gold and Silver Nanofilms
摘要： Carbon fiber reinforced composites are very much imperative to future-generation aircraft structures. However, lightning strike protection (LSP) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) are main concerns. Carbon fibers have very good mechanical properties with the best strength-to-weight ratio, but they are very poor conductors of electricity. These fibers must be reinvented to increase the surface conductance to provide high electrical conductivity to the aircraft structure. The present study deals with preparing composite sandwich structures of carbon fibers used for commercial nacelle applications subject to lightning strike effects with different metallic nanofilm of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) measuring approximately 100 nm. These metallic nanofibers were co-cured on the top layers of composite panels during vacuum curing process. In our laboratory, lightning strike results for a composite sandwich structure using nanofilms were obtained to observe lightning strike damage and structural tolerance necessary tolerance capability. the damage Resistance of composite panels with metallic nanofilm under various strains was studied. It was found that resistance of the metallic nanofilm increased under strain. The voltage was found to be low; hence, an increase in current would help to reduce the damage on composite panels due to lightning strikes, and the same theory would be applicable to EMI. No EMI was absorbed or reflected in the nanofilm using the P-static test. When lightning strikes were applied to composite coupons, the resulting damage from the currents was reduced on those with metallic nanofilms.
关键词： Lightning Strike Protection,Electromagnetic Interference,Composites,Metallic Nanofilms
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) - Brasov, Romania (2019.11.3-2019.11.6)] 2019 8th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) - Influence of an Impulse Current near a Photovoltaic Solar Module on Bypass Diode Characteristics
摘要： Recently, failures in photovoltaic systems (PVSs) caused by lightning damage have been increasing. When lightning strikes a PVS, the bypass diode (BPD), which is a protection element in the solar cell module (PV-MDL), breaks down and burns out, rendering the PVS inoperable. In this study, an impulse current test was conducted to clarify the lightning-induced BPD failure mechanism. The impulse current with a peak of 100 kA was employed to simulate a lightning strike traveling in the vicinity of a PV-MDL. The results indicated that a BPD fails because lightning (induced electromotive force) strikes in the bypass circuit of the PV-MDL as the impulse current passes in its vicinity. Furthermore, installing a metal frame in the PV-MDL was shown to reduce the negative impact of such lightning strikes.
关键词： impulse current test,bypass diode,lightning,photovoltaic module,induced lightning
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Tamilnadu, India (2019.4.11-2019.4.13)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Performance of the 10-kW KFU Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Station9 Al Hasa9 KSA
摘要： The aim of this study is to develop a procedure for the design of institutional grid-connected solar PV (Photovoltaic) systems using campus buildings' roofs and car parking shades. This procedure was developed and validated in the design of a single phase 10 kW solar photovoltaic system at King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The method consists of 12 grid steps including resources assessment, site selection; access and requirements; supporting structure and roof type, area, orientation, strength and shading. Once the roof and supporting structure are selected, the facility layout, required grounding and lightning protection are finalized according to IEC Standards. The final stage of the design is to testing the facility. The 10 kW facility has been operating since March 2014. The results for 2014 and 2015 indicate that daily energy production were slightly below the rated values and in some months of the years, the station better that the simulated lightning performance and protection, system w subsequent near future. PVSyst as modification The software. the in necessary study in the considered would be using.
关键词： Grid connected,desert solar panel,PVSyst,KSA 2030 Vision,Lightning
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE - Barcelona, Spain (2019.9.2-2019.9.6)] 2019 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE - Investigating Lightning Induced Currents in Photovoltaic Modules
摘要： Bypass diode failures have been observed within solar photovoltaic (PV) plants after thunderstorm activity, with no evidence of direct lightning strikes to the PV plant. This paper examines the mechanisms by which currents may be induced within PV installations. Firstly by means of computational electromagnetic simulations, and secondly by means of real-world testing in a high-voltage laboratory. These investigations were conducted with the objective of minimizing the magnitudes of induced currents within a PV installation. It was found that poor inter-module wiring in a PV installation, and not the internal layout of the PV modules themselves, resulted in the largest magnitudes of the induced currents, and that better wiring practice would signi?cantly reduce these magnitudes. The presence of the conductive frame of a PV module was shown to reduce the magnitudes of the currents induced within the installation.
关键词： photovoltaic,high-voltage,electromagnetic compatibility,lightning
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Global patterns of lightning properties derived by OTD and LIS
摘要： The satellite instruments Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) provide unique empirical data about the frequency of lightning flashes around the globe (OTD), and the tropics (LIS), which have been used before to compile a well-received global climatology of flash rate densities. Here we present a statistical analysis of various additional lightning properties derived from OTD / LIS, i.e., the number of so-called “events” and “groups” per flash, as well as the mean flash duration, footprint and radiance. These normalized quantities, which can be associated with the flash “strength”, show consistent spatial patterns; most strikingly, oceanic flashes show higher values than continental flashes for all properties. Over land, regions with high (eastern US) and low (India) flash strength can be clearly identified. We discuss possible causes for and implications of the observed regional differences. Although a direct quantitative interpretation of the investigated flash properties is difficult, the observed spatial patterns provide valuable information for the interpretation and application of climatological flash rates. Due to the systematic regional variations of physical flash characteristics, viewing conditions, and/or measurement sensitivities, parametrizations of lightning NOx based on total flash rate densities alone are probably affected by regional biases.
关键词： flash properties,LIS,lightning,OTD,global patterns
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Reference System for the Practical Peak Voltage Calibration in Radiology and Diagnostic Applications
摘要： Practical Peak Voltage (PPV) has been recently adopted by IEC as a new quantity to qualify the pulsed voltages applied to X-ray high voltage tubes. Two commercial invasive dividers are characterized for every x-ray pulses for voltage up to 150 kV and for exposure time between 200 μs and few seconds. The measurement of impulse low current flowing through X-ray tubes is carried out non-invasively by using a clamp meter based on Hall Effect. Deconvolution technique is used to enhance the accuracy of the reference system.
关键词： Radiology,step response,X-ray,Switching impulse,Inverse FFT,Lightning impulse,High voltage,deconvolution,Clamp meter,convolution,FFT
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Study on the Frequency Bandwidth Limits for Deconvolution of the Step Response
摘要： A non-ideal step response of the digitizer may introduce significant errors in the impulse voltage measurement. Deconvolution is a good method to correct the step response. However, it is sensitive to noise. We studied on the influence of the frequency bandwidth limit on the deconvolution processing, with the results reported in this paper. This correction method was applied to the step responses recorded with three different commercial digitizers, and the error introduced by the corrected step responses were all reduced to less than 0.1%, which would be negligible in the impulse measurement.
关键词： digitizer,lightning impulse,step response,impulse response,deconvolution,impulse signal,convolution
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36