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- 2015
- Xanthomonas oryzae
- multispectral and multimodal microscopy
- spectroscopic imaging
- plant cell diseases
- classification
- rice
- Applied Physics
- University of Sciences, Technique and Technology Bamako
- Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphou?t-Boigny Yamoussoukro
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Impact of High-Order Effects on Soliton Explosions in the Complex Cubic-Quintic Ginzburg-Landau Equation
摘要： With the appearance of Global Navigation Satellite Systems spoofers, anti-spoofing has become a pressing issue. Intermediate spoofing is performed at a power only slightly higher than that of an authentic signal; therefore, it is quite difficult to detect counterfeit signals in real time via current detection methods. Multimodal detection is a well-known method for detecting counterfeit signals. However, it is often used in the acquisition stage, and thus, its effective time is very short. In this paper, we define the searching process as when the acquisition module does not need to find new signals. In addition, we utilize multimodal detection to detect intermediate spoofing in the acquisition module when performing the searching process, which is almost real time and can address the condition of arbitrary signal intervals. The acquisition module is used to monitor the signals that are being tracked; if we find at least two peaks above a threshold, we declare that counterfeit signals are detected. Then, we define an evaluation standard and provide a theoretical performance calculation method. An empirical formula is proposed to calculate the method’s performance. By analyzing the effect of five influencing factors, we better understand the empirical formula and obtain the conclusion that, by decreasing the code phase’s search step, we can obtain better detection results. The results are desirable for designing anti-spoofing receivers.
关键词： empirical formula,multimodal detection,counterfeit signals,acquisition module,Intermediate spoofing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Detecting Building Changes between Airborne Laser Scanning and Photogrammetric Data
摘要： Detecting topographic changes in an urban environment and keeping city-level point clouds up-to-date are important tasks for urban planning and monitoring. In practice, remote sensing data are often available only in different modalities for two epochs. Change detection between airborne laser scanning data and photogrammetric data is challenging due to the multi-modality of the input data and dense matching errors. This paper proposes a method to detect building changes between multimodal acquisitions. The multimodal inputs are converted and fed into a light-weighted pseudo-Siamese convolutional neural network (PSI-CNN) for change detection. Different network configurations and fusion strategies are compared. Our experiments on a large urban data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Our change map achieves a recall rate of 86.17%, a precision rate of 68.16%, and an F1-score of 76.13%. The comparison between Siamese architecture and feed-forward architecture brings many interesting findings and suggestions to the design of networks for multimodal data processing.
关键词： convolutional neural networks,change detection,dense image matching,airborne laser scanning,Siamese networks,multimodal data
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Biorthogonal Halfband Perfect Reconstruction Filterbank for Multimodal Image Fusion
摘要： To design a wavelet filter bank which helps to detect more prominently continuous changes in tumor cells. In this paper, a method of designing two-channel wavelet base FIR filter bank using factorization of a half band filter is presented. Here factorization is done considering maximum vanishing moments for construction of decomposition as well as reconstruction filters. The 14 order maximally flat halfband filter is proposed with factorization, leading to design of 8/8 orthogonal and 9/7 & 6/10 symmetric filters. The fusion performance of designed wavelet filter bank is evaluated using various performance metrics, like, cross entropy, standard deviation, mean square error and PSNR. The results are compared with the Daubechies filter bank where db4 is used for implementation. It is clear from the results that designed filter bank improves fusion performance. Further, proposed filters have maximum number of vanishing moments which gives smooth scaling and wavelet functions and consequently provides flat frequency response. The designed 8/8 orthogonal wavelet filters are implemented in fusion application for multimodal biomedical images of a subject for detection of an abnormality (cancerous growth). The novelty of this method is the adaptive design of the filterbank for the given multimodal images, so that fused images shall have more clarity, further, it will help to improve the results with enhancement in the entropy levels of fused image.
关键词： Spectral Factorization,Medical Image Processing,Filter Banks,Multimodal Image Fusion,Wavelet Transforms,Half Band Filter
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Multimodal imaging of torpedo maculopathy including adaptive optics
摘要： Purpose: The etiology of torpedo maculopathy remains unknown, but it has been recently suggested that it could represent a persistent defect in the development of the retinal pigment epithelium. As retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors form a functional unit, an alteration of photoreceptor distribution or function is predictable. The aim of this study is to describe multimodal imaging, including adaptive optics, in three cases of torpedo maculopathy, and discuss its pathogenesis. Methods: Multimodal imaging is presented, including fundus photographs, optical coherence tomography, adaptive optics, autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, and ultra-widefield retinal imaging in three cases of torpedo maculopathy. Results: An oval-shaped well-delimited chorioretinal lesion both hypopigmented centrally and with a hyperpigmented border in the temporal macula, consistent with torpedo maculopathy, was observed in three patients. Optical coherence tomography showed a preservation of the inner retina, a mild atrophy of the outer retina, an alteration of the ellipsoid zone and of the retinal pigment epithelium layer, and a neurosensory detachment. These lesions were hypoautofluorescent with a hyperautofluorescent border. Fluorescein angiography showed a hyperfluorescence by window effect. Adaptive optics imaging showed an alteration of the cone mosaic within the lesions, with a lower cone density and a higher spacing between cones. Conclusion: The alteration of the cone mosaic suggested by adaptive optics in torpedo maculopathy has never been described and could be explained by the alteration of the retinal pigment epithelium. Our results support the existing hypothesis on the pathogenesis of torpedo maculopathy that a persistent defect in the development of the retinal pigment epithelium may be responsible for this clinical entity.
关键词： retinal imaging,Torpedo maculopathy,multimodal imaging,adaptive optics
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Boosting the Radiosensitizing and Photothermal Performance of Cu <sub/>2-x</sub> Se Nanocrystals for Synergetic Radiophotothermal Therapy of Orthotopic Breast Cancer
摘要： The small difference between tumor and normal tissues in their responses to ionizing radiation has been a significant issue for radiotherapy of tumors. Herein, we report that dumbbell-shaped heterogeneous copper selenide-gold nanocrystals can serve as an efficient radiosensitizer for enhanced radiotherapy. The mean lethal dose of X-rays to 4T1 tumor cells can be drastically decreased about 40%, i.e., decreasing from 1.81 Gy to 1.10 Gy after culture with heterostructures. Due to the synergetic effect of heterostructures, the dose of X-rays is also much lower than those obtained from mixture of Cu2-xSe + Au nanoparticles (1.78 Gy), Cu2-xSe nanoparticles (1.72 Gy) and Au nanoparticles (1.50 Gy), respectively. We demonstrate that the sensitivity enhancement ratio of Cu2-xSe nanoparticles was significantly improved 45% (i.e., from 1.1 to 1.6) after the formation of heterostructures with gold. We also show that the hetero-nanocrystals exhibit an enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, due to the synergetic interactions of localized surface plasmon resonance. These properties highly feature them as a multimodal imaging contrast agent (particular for photoacoustic imaging, computed tomography imaging, and single photon emission computed tomography after labeled with radioisotopes) and as a radiosensitizer for imaging guided synergetic radiophotothermal treatment of cancer. The research provides insights for engineering low-Z nanomaterials with high Z elements to form hetero-nanostructures with enhanced synergetic performance for tumor theranostics.
关键词： radiosensitizer,multimodal imaging,radiotherapy,heterogeneous nanoparticles,photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Strain Mapping of CdTe Grains in Photovoltaic Devices
摘要： Strain within grains and at grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystalline thin-film absorber layers limits the overall performance because of higher defect concentrations and band fluctuations. However, the nanoscale strain distribution in operational devices is not easily accessible using standard methods. X-ray nanodiffraction offers the unique possibility to evaluate the strain or lattice spacing at nanoscale resolution. Furthermore, the combination of nanodiffraction with additional techniques in the framework of multimodal scanning X-ray microscopy enables the direct correlation of the strain with material and device parameters such as the elemental distribution or local performance. This approach is applied for the investigation of the strain distribution in CdTe grains in fully operational photovoltaic solar cells. It is found that the lattice spacing in the (111) direction remains fairly constant in the grain cores but systematically decreases at the GBs. The lower strain at GBs is accompanied by an increase of the total tilt. These observations are both compatible with the inhomogeneous incorporation of smaller atoms into the lattice, and local stress induced by neighboring grains.
关键词： X-ray microscopy,nanodiffraction,X-ray diffraction (XRD),solar cells,multimodal,CdTe,X-ray,strain,X-ray fluorescence (XRF),photovoltaic,X-ray beam induced current (XBIC)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart Cities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT & IoT and AI (HONET-ICT) - Charlotte, NC, USA (2019.10.6-2019.10.9)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart Cities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT & IoT and AI (HONET-ICT) - Design and fabrication of dual-spot-size medical laser-handle prototype
摘要： With the appearance of Global Navigation Satellite Systems spoofers, anti-spoofing has become a pressing issue. Intermediate spoofing is performed at a power only slightly higher than that of an authentic signal; therefore, it is quite difficult to detect counterfeit signals in real time via current detection methods. Multimodal detection is a well-known method for detecting counterfeit signals. However, it is often used in the acquisition stage, and thus, its effective time is very short. In this paper, we define the searching process as when the acquisition module does not need to find new signals. In addition, we utilize multimodal detection to detect intermediate spoofing in the acquisition module when performing the searching process, which is almost real time and can address the condition of arbitrary signal intervals. The acquisition module is used to monitor the signals that are being tracked; if we find at least two peaks above a threshold, we declare that counterfeit signals are detected. Then, we define an evaluation standard and provide a theoretical performance calculation method. An empirical formula is proposed to calculate the method’s performance. By analyzing the effect of five influencing factors, we better understand the empirical formula and obtain the conclusion that, by decreasing the code phase’s search step, we can obtain better detection results. The results are desirable for designing anti-spoofing receivers.
关键词： empirical formula,Intermediate spoofing,multimodal detection,acquisition module,counterfeit signals
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Simulation of Thermal Photocarrier Escape in Quantum Well Solar Cells: Electron-Electron vs. Electron-Phonon Interaction
摘要： Biometric systems are used for the verification and identification of individuals using their physiological or behavioral features. These features can be categorized into unimodal and multimodal systems, in which the former have several deficiencies that reduce the accuracy of the system, such as noisy data, inter-class similarity, intra-class variation, spoofing, and non-universality. However, multimodal biometric sensing and processing systems, which make use of the detection and processing of two or more behavioral or physiological traits, have proved to improve the success rate of identification and verification significantly. This paper provides a detailed survey of the various unimodal and multimodal biometric sensing types providing their strengths and weaknesses. It discusses the stages involved in the biometric system recognition process and further discusses multimodal systems in terms of their architecture, mode of operation, and algorithms used to develop the systems. It also touches on levels and methods of fusion involved in biometric systems and gives researchers in this area a better understanding of multimodal biometric sensing and processing systems and research trends in this area. It furthermore gives room for research on how to find solutions to issues on various unimodal biometric systems.
关键词： non-universality,Biometrics,identification,unimodal,verification,sensing,multimodal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Combination of light-driven co-delivery of chemodrugs and plasmonic-induced heat for cancer therapeutics using hybrid protein nanocapsules
摘要： Background: Improving the water solubility of hydrophobic drugs, increasing their accumulation in tumor tissue and allowing their simultaneous action by different pathways are essential issues for a successful chemotherapeutic activity in cancer treatment. Considering potential clinical application in the future, it will be promising to achieve such purposes by developing new biocompatible hybrid nanocarriers with multimodal therapeutic activity. Results: We designed and characterised a hybrid nanocarrier based on human serum albumin/chitosan nanoparticles (HSA/chitosan NPs) able to encapsulate free docetaxel (DTX) and doxorubicin?modified gold nanorods (DOXO?GNRs) to simultaneously exploit the complementary chemotherapeutic activities of both antineoplasic compounds together with the plasmonic optical properties of the embedded GNRs for plasmonic?based photothermal therapy (PPTT). DOXO was assembled onto GNR surfaces following a layer?by?layer (LbL) coating strategy, which allowed to partially control its release quasi?independently release regarding DTX under the use of near infrared (NIR)?light laser stimulation of GNRs. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments using triple negative breast MDA?MB?231 cancer cells showed that the developed dual drug encapsulation approach produces a strong synergistic toxic effect to tumoral cells compared to the administration of the combined free drugs; additionally, PPTT enhances the cytostatic efficacy allowing cell toxicities close to 90% after a single low irradiation dose and keeping apoptosis as the main cell death mechanism. Conclusions: This work demonstrates that by means of a rational design, a single hybrid nanoconstruct can simultaneously supply complementary therapeutic strategies to treat tumors and, in particular, metastatic breast cancers with good results making use of its stimuli?responsiveness as well as its inherent physico?chemical properties.
关键词： Multimodal therapy,Gold nanorods,Photo?therapy,Stimuli?responsiveness,Human serum albumin nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS) - Guangzhou, China (2019.5.19-2019.5.22)] 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS) - A Dual-Mode Dual-Band Waveguide Filter Excited by Coaxial Probe
摘要： In this paper, we discuss the scienti?c outcomes of the 2015 data fusion contest organized by the Image Analysis and Data Fusion Technical Committee (IADF TC) of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (IEEE GRSS). As for previous years, the IADF TC organized a data fusion contest aiming at fostering new ideas and solutions for multisource studies. The 2015 edition of the contest proposed a multiresolution and multisensorial challenge involving extremely high-resolution RGB images and a three-dimensional (3-D) LiDAR point cloud. The competition was framed in two parallel tracks, considering 2-D and 3-D products, respectively. In this paper, we discuss the scienti?c results obtained by the winners of the 2-D contest, which studied either the complementarity of RGB and LiDAR with deep neural networks (winning team) or provided a comprehensive benchmarking evaluation of new classi?cation strategies for extremely high-resolution multimodal data (runner-up team). The data and the previously undisclosed ground truth will remain available for the community and can be obtained at http://www.grss-ieee.org/community/technical-committees/data-fusion/2015-ieee-grss-data-fusion-contest/. The 3-D part of the contest is discussed in the Part-B paper [1].
关键词： image analysis and data fusion (IADF),multiresolution-,landcover classification,multimodal-data fusion,multisource-,Deep neural networks,extremely high spatial resolution,LiDAR
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59