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AlPO <sub/>4</sub> in Silica Glass Optical Fibers: Deduction of Additional Material Properties
摘要： A silica clad optical ?ber with a core comprised of SiO2, P2O5, Al2O3, and AlPO4 is analyzed in order to determine the impact of AlPO4 when added to silica. A chromatic dispersion curve is presented, from which the nonlinear refractive index is estimated to be similar to that of silica. When doped into SiO2, AlPO4 decreases the thermo-optic coef?cient (slightly), decreases the acoustic velocity, broadens the Brillouin spectral width through increased viscoelastic damping, and reduces the strength of the dependence of Brillouin frequency on temperature. Findings herein indicate that AlPO4 has a near-zero value of p12. It also is found that the ?ber does not have complete AlPO4 formation, with some P2O5 formation in Al2O3-rich regions of the ?ber. Given the relevance of AlPO4 to high power active ?ber technology, the presented data can be used for designing ?bers with enhanced performance characteristics, such as those with elevated threshold for the onset of stimulated Brillouin scattering.
关键词： Fiber optics,phosphorus,aluminum,?ber lasers,?ber nonlinear optics,optical materials,optical ?ber testing,glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.8.28-2019.8.30)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Spectral Broadening Enhancement in Graphene Integrated Si Waveguides
摘要： Silicon-on-insulator waveguides covered with graphene in length of 60 μm have been fabricated and investigated. Self phase modulation were carried out, and enhanced nonlinear phase shift, Kerr nonlinearity and figure-of-merit have been confirmed in graphene-silicon waveguides by experiments and simulations.
关键词： Integrated optics materials,waveguides,nonlinear optics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Fluorinated Organic Electro-Optic Quinolinium Crystals for THz Wave Generation
摘要： Fluorinated electro-optic crystals with state-of-the-art second-order nonlinear optical response and excellent characteristics for terahertz (THz) wave generation are reported. The fluorinated organic ionic crystals consist of optically highly nonlinear fluorinated HM6FQ (6-fluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyryl)-1-methylquinolinium) or HM7FQ (7-fluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyryl)-1-methylquinolinium) cations and 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (T) counter anions. Compared to benchmark electro-optic crystals based on nonfluorinated HMQ (2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyryl)-1-methylquinolinium) cations, introducing fluorine substituent on HM6FQ cations creates additional hydrogen bonds (ArF···HC). Such a molecular engineering leads to an enhanced thermal stability and significant modulations of phonon vibrational modes of crystals in THz frequency region, while excellent π–π stacking and space filling characteristics of HM6FQ cations in crystals lead to state-of-the-art diagonal component of the macroscopic nonlinear optical susceptibility, similar to the case of HMQ cations. HM6FQ-based crystals exhibit a very high optical-to-THz conversion efficiency, comparable to benchmark HMQ-based crystals. In addition, due to additional hydrogen bonds induced by fluorine substituents, the spectral shape of the generated THz wave is remarkably modified; e.g., the largest spectral gap is near 1.5 and 2.0 THz for HM6FQ- and HMQ-based crystals, respectively. The fluorinated cationic engineering on nonlinear optical crystals having benchmark nonlinear optical response is, as far as is known, reported for the first time.
关键词： organic crystals,nonlinear optics,terahertz waves,electro-optics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Theoretical Design of a Pump-Free Ultrahigh Efficiency All-Optical Switching Based on a Defect Ring Optical Waveguide Network
摘要： A theoretical design of a defect ring optical waveguide network is proposed to construct a pump-free ultrahigh efficiency all-optical switch. This switch creates ultrastrong photonic localization and causes the nonlinear dielectric in the defect waveguide to intensely respond. At its ON state, this material defect without Kerr response helps to produce a pair of sharp pass bands in the transmission spectrum to form the dual channel of the all-optical switch. When it is switched to its OFF state, the strong Kerr response induced refractive index change in the high nonlinear defect waveguide strongly alters the spectrum, leading to a collapse of the dual channels. Network equation and generalized eigenfunction method are used to numerically calculate the optical properties of the switch and obtain a threshold control energy of about 2.90 zJ, which is eight orders of magnitude lower than previously reported. The switching efficiency/transmission ratio exceeds 3×1011, which is six orders of magnitude larger than previously reported. The state transition time is nearly 108 fs, which is approximately two orders of magnitude faster than the previously reported shortest time. Furthermore, the switch size can be much smaller than 2.6 μm and will be suitable for integration.
关键词： ultrafast optics,pump-free,all-optical switching,ultrahigh efficiency,nonlinear optics,waveguide network
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Vectorial nonlinear optics: Type-II second-harmonic generation driven by spin-orbit-coupled fields
摘要： Vectorial nonlinear optics refers to the investigation of optical processes whose nonlinear polarization (NP) undergoes spin-orbit-coupling (SOC) interactions where, in general, the driving light field or the new field generated by the interaction contains the SOC property. To contribute to fundamental knowledge in this domain, we examine the type-II second-harmonic generation (SHG) induced by vectorial laser modes. First, we provide a general theory to analyze the vectorial SHG process. Second, by using two typical vector modes as examples, we show how the SOC of the pump field dictates nonlinear interaction. Finally, we corroborate our theoretical predictions through experiments to confirm the crucial role of the SOC in nonlinear interactions. These results enhance our fundamental understanding of SOC-mediated nonlinear optics and lay the foundation for further fundamental studies as well as possible applications.
关键词： spin-orbit-coupling,Vectorial nonlinear optics,vector modes,type-II second-harmonic generation,nonlinear polarization
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Periodic transmission and control of pulses in solid mechanics and nonlinear optics
摘要： Nonlinear physical models play an important role in basic research of solid mechanics and nonlinear optics. In this study, a high-order variable coe?cient nonlinear Sch?rdinger equation, which can be used to simulate pulse propagation in various media, is analytical investigated. Using the bilinear method, analytical solution is obtained. Pulse propagation characteristics are analyzed, and the in?uences of relevant physical parameters on pulse propagation are discussed. Results have an impact on related physical sciences, engineering and other ?elds.
关键词： Nonlinear optics,Nonlinear Sch?rdinger equation,Analytic solution
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Stability investigation of a multi-wavelength fiber linear cavity laser using a highly nonlinear fiber
摘要： A stable multi-wavelength fiber linear cavity laser based on cascaded four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear fiber is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this scheme, the instability caused by model competition between comb filtering of the Sagnac interferometer loop mirror and self-seeded cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering in the fiber cavity is successfully mitigated by the self-stability mechanism in the highly nonlinear fiber. Fifteen stable laser lines within 3 dB flatness are obtained at a pump power of 550 mW. We believe this can be further improved and the cavity structure further simplified by optimizing the design of the erbium-doped fiber and improving pump efficiency. However, stable multi-wavelength operation cannot be obtained by using a similar linear cavity structure. Therefore, the stability mechanism of multi-wavelength fiber linear cavity lasers using highly nonlinear fiber is investigated in detail.
关键词： fiber lasers,highly nonlinear fiber,nonlinear optics,four-wave mixing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Turning losses into gain in nonlinear optics
摘要： Modulational instabilities in nonlinear optics are the fundamental processes that cause the transition from uniform states to structures in extended systems. Quite counterintuitively, such processes can be enhanced rather than inhibited when spectrally asymmetric losses are introduced into the system.
关键词： gain through losses,modulational instabilities,nonlinear optics,spectrally asymmetric losses
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Passively Q-switched Yb:Lu0.74Y0.23La0.01VO4 laser based on MoTe2 saturable absorber
摘要： A passively-Q-switched Yb:Lu1-x-yYxLayVO4 laser based on a two-dimension (2D) molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) saturable absorber (SA) is reported for the first time to the best of our knowledge. High quality few layered 2D MoTe2 nanosheets were fabricated by liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method and used as the SA, whose saturable absorption properties around 1.0 μm were characterized with a saturation fluence of 3.02 μJ?cm2 and a modulation depth of 8.3%. In the passively Q-switched laser operation, the shortest pulse width of 500 ns was obtained with an average output power of 0.33 W at a pulse repetition rate of 117 kHz, corresponding to the maximum single pulse energy of 2.8 μJ and the peak power of 5.6 W.
关键词： Nonlinear optics,Optical saturation,Solid lasers
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Generalized Method to Describe the Propagation of Pulses in Classical and Specialty Optical Fibers
摘要： The comprehension of pulsed light propagation is of paramount importance in fiber optics. Here, we present a general method to describe the propagation of pulses in any kind of optical fiber, regardless of its fabrication process or constituent materials. As a result, we obtain a rich toolbox for the analysis and synthesis of optical fibers, which allows us to circumvent the resolution of Maxwell’s equations by using heavy-computational numerical methods. To illustrate this, we analyze the pulse propagation problem in non-paraxial anisotropic single-core and multi-core fibers that cover a large variety of optical fibers including classical weakly guiding fibers, optical gain fibers, polarization-maintaining fibers, highly nonlinear fibers, and photonic crystal fibers. Moreover, it is shown that our method can be applied to any kind of guided and unguided medium undergoing spatial and temporal perturbations, provided that the distance and temporal width between different consecutive spatial and temporal medium perturbations are respectively higher than the spatial and temporal width of the optical pulses.
关键词： Optical fiber,nonlinear optics,optical pulses
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04