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Synthesis and characterization of novel benzodithiophene-fused perylene diimide acceptors: Regulate photovoltaic performance via structural isomerism
摘要： Two isomeric benzodithiophene-fused perylene diimides, BPDI-1 and BPDI-2, are designed and synthesized via photo-induced ring-closure reaction between perylene diimide (PDI) acceptor and both isomeric benzodithiophene donor cores, including benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene (BDP) and benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b']dithiophene (BdT). The effect of structural isomerism on the molecular geometry, absorption, energy level, film morphology as well as photovoltaic performance is comparatively studied. It is found that the variation of the S atom substituted position in the donor cores results in distinct molecular geometries for the newly-developed BPDI-1 and BPDI-2 acceptors. Compared with BDP-containing BPDI-1, the incorporation of BdT core endows BPDI-2 with a remarkably enhanced backbone distortion. When blended with the commercially available polymer donor (PTB7-Th), such twisted structure feature for the BPDI-2 acceptor plays a key role in reducing molecule aggregation, which is helpful for the enhancements of short-circuit current density and photovoltaic efficiency effectively. As a result, non-fullerene solar cells fabricated from BPDI-2 acceptor achieve higher photovoltaic efficiency (4.44%) than that of BPDI-1 (2.98%), mainly benefited from superior short-circuit current density. This work provides us comparative understanding of isomeric geometry and device performance.
关键词： Benzodithiophene,Molecular geometry,Non-fullerene organic solar cells,Perylene diimide derivatives
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:42
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Visible-light-triggered generation of persistent radical anions from perylenediimides: A substituent effect and potential application in photocatalytic reduction of Ag+
摘要： Three perylenediimide derivatives were reduced to their persistent radical anions in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) under ambient conditions by a visible light photoinduced electron transfer (PET). UV?vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements were carried out to confirm the formation of radicals. The relationships between molecular structure, electrochemical property, phototransformation kinetics, and air stability of radical anions were investigated by the introduction of pyrimidine rings at the core position and fluoroalkylation substituents at the imide position. This study reveals that the electron-deficient pyrimidine rings and electron-withdrawing fluoroalkylation substituents can effectively enhance the phototransformation rate and the radical stability at ambient conditions. The effects of solvents and illuminance levels on the photoinduced reduction of perylenediimides were also studied. A photocatalytic reduction of Ag+ was successfully carried out using the perylenediimide with pyrimidine and fluoroalkylation substituents as catalyst upon irradiation with visible light.
关键词： Photocatalytic reduction,Perylene diimide derivative,Silver ion,Persistent radical anion,Visible light irradiation
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Perylene Diimide Based Conjugated Polymers for All Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： For recent decades, non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are undergoing rapid development and emerging as a hot area in the field of organic solar cells. Among the high performance nonfullerene acceptors, aromatic diimide based electron acceptors remain to be the highly promising systems. This review discusses the important progress of perylene diimide (PDI)-based polymers as nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) in all polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) since 2014. The relationship between structure and property, matching aspects between donors and acceptors and device fabrications are unveiled from a synthetic chemist perspective.
关键词： nonfullerene acceptors (NFA),all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs),energy levels,perylene diimide (PDI),PCE
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Achieving efficient green-solvent-processed organic solar cells by employing ortho-ortho perylene diimide dimer
摘要： The lack of electron acceptors with suitable green solvent processing and excellent device performance is an important problem that hinders the development and commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, an ortho-ortho perylene diimide (PDI) dimer (oo-2PDI) is developed and used as an acceptor for use in efficient green-solvent-processed (GSP) OSCs. By using chlorobenzene (CB), anisole, and ortho-xylene as the processing solvents, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 5.04%, 5.03%, and 5.78% were achieved without the additive, respectively. In addition, the non-fullerene oo-2PDI-based GSPOSCs show superior photovoltaic performance to [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)-based GSPOSCs under identical conditions. Therefore, these results demonstrate the possibility of achieving efficient non-fullerene GSPOSCs.
关键词： Electron acceptor,Perylene diimide,Green solvent,Ortho-ortho dimer,Organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effects of solvent additives on the morphology and transport property of a perylene diimide dimer film in perovskite solar cells for improved performance
摘要： Perylene diimide derivatives (PDIs) are a kind of very promising non-fullerene electron transport material for organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PerSCs), owing to their excellent photoelectric properties and low-cost synthesis. However, their tendency to form aggregates strongly influences the film morphology and transport properties. Herein, we provided a simple way to tune the morphology and transport properties of PDIs by solvent additive engineering. A series of solvent additives (1,8-diiodooctane, 1-chloronaphthalene, 1-phenylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene) was investigated for their role in the morphology and transport property of PDI dimer (Bis-PDI-T-EG) film as well as on the photovoltaic performance of PerSCs. Among these four solvent additives, 1-methylnaphthalene (MN) was found one of the best additive that possesses good adjusting ability to control both morphological and electrical properties of Bis-PDI-T-EG film. The fabricated PerSCs with optimized Bis-PDI-T-EG + 0.05 v/v% MN electron transport layer (ETL) displayed the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.96%. The performance of PerSCs was further improved by adding 0.05 wt% graphene together with 0.05 v/v% MN, and the maximum PCE of 15.11% was achieved.
关键词： Solvent additives,Graphene,p-i-n,Planar perovskite,Perylene diimide,Solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Efficient Organic Solar Cells Based on Non-Fullerene Acceptors with Two Planar Thiophene Fused Perylene Diimide Units
摘要： We designed and synthesized two non-fullerene acceptors (CDT-TFP and C8X-TFP), which comprise a central 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene (CDT) as the bridge and two thiophene-fused perylene diimide (TFP) units. The bulky side chains, such as the 4-hexylphenyl side chains, on the CDT bridge can effectively prevent the acceptor molecules from forming large aggregates and the π-π stacking of the terminal planar TFP units can form effective electron transport pathways when blending with the donor polymers. These non-fullerene acceptors are used to fabricate organic solar cells (OSCs) by blending with regioregular middle bandgap polymer reg-PThE. The as-cast devices based on reg-PThE:CDT-TFP show the best PCE of 8.36% with a Voc of 1.10 V, Jsc of 12.43 mA cm-2 and FF of 61.4%; whereas, the analogue PDI dimers (CDT-PDI) that comprising two PDI units bridged with a CDT unit, show only a 2.59% PCE with a Voc of 0.92 V, Jsc of 6.82 mA cm-2 and FF of 41.5%. Our results have demonstrated that non-fullerene acceptors comprising planar PDI units can achieve excellent photovoltaic performance and provide meaningful guidelines for the design of PDI based non-fullerene electron acceptors for efficient OSCs.
关键词： regioregular donor polymer,perylene diimide,organic solar cells,non-fullerene electron acceptors,planar
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhancing the performance of pollution degradation through secondary self-assembled composite supramolecular heterojunction photocatalyst BiOCl/PDI under visible light irradiation
摘要： A novel n-n type inorganic/organic heterojunction of flaky-like BiOCl/PDI photocatalyst was constructed by water bath heating method. Meanwhile, a simple method - secondary self-assembly was used to prepare the BiOCl/PDI with a special band structure. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by degrading aqueous organic pollutants under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The removal rates of 5 mg L?1 phenol (non-ionic type), methyl orange (MO, anionic type), rhodamine B (RhB, cationic type) and 10 mg L?1 RhB by secondary self-assembly BiOCl/PDI (BiOCl/PDI-2) were 8.0%, 3.4%, 27.8% and 78.9% higher than self-assembly BiOCl/PDI (BiOCl/PDI-1) under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The better photocatalytic activity for BiOCl/PDI-2 was attributed to the optimization of energy-band structures, which arose from different exposed surfaces, narrower interplanar spacing and stronger visible light absorption performance. Under acidic condition, BiOCl/PDI-2 showed a good photocatalytic activity, which was not affected by neutral ionic intensity and had good recycling properties. Moreover, the photocatalytic mechanism was explored by free radical capture test and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and contribution of active species was calculated. The main active species of BiOCl/PDI-2 were ?O2?, 1O2 and h+. Our work may provide a route to design efficient inorganic/organic heterojunctions for organic pollutants degradation.
关键词： Supramolecular,Visible light photocatalysts,Perylene diimide,BiOCl,Heterojunction
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Nonfullerene acceptors with an N-annulated perylene core and two perylene diimide units for efficient organic solar cells
摘要： We have designed and synthesized a series of perylene based A-D-A type chromophores, which are composed of two electron deficient perylene diimides (PDI) and one electron rich N-annulated perylene (NP). By virtue of the bi-axial rigid skeleton of the flat NP unit, the intermolecular aggregation is efficiently suppressed, leading to a very small red-shift of absorption being observed in going from solutions to films. In addition, the molar extinction coefficients have been significantly elevated in case of sulfur or selenium annulation at the bay positions of the PDI units. Quantum calculation is employed for the geometry optimization to further understand the contributions of different excitations to the UV-vis absorption spectra. Morphology studies demonstrate that the twisted conformations of these acceptors are favorable for the formation of suitable phase separation in the as-cast films. The heteroatom annulation could force the PDI plane to take on a more planar conformation, which is favorable to have closer π?π stacking for efficient electron transportation. Finally, the as-cast devices based on PBDB-T:NP-diPDI-Se display a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.25% with a Voc of 0.98 V, a Jsc of 11.73 mA/cm2 and an FF of 54.13%.
关键词： N-annulated perylene,Nonfullerene acceptors,Organic solar cells,Power conversion efficiency,Perylene diimide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Achieving Optimal Bulk Heterojunction in All-Polymer Solar Cells by Sequential Processing with Nonorthogonal Solvents
摘要： Developing efficient all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) has always been a long-standing challenge due to the unfavorable morphology caused by conventional blend-casting (BC). Here we first employ the methodology of sequential processing (SP) with nonorthogonal solvents to fabricate facilely all-PSCs. A highly crystalline polymer donor PBDB-T is used to construct a well-organized underlying film, while a new polymer FPDI-BT1 is selected as the acceptor to be intercalated into the amorphous or semicrystalline regions of PBDB-T during the secondary deposition. By tuning the solvent composition for FPDI-BT1 processing, a bulk heterojunction-like configuration, rather than a traditional bilayer device, is obtained facilely without the need of further processing treatment. The extremely boosted power conversion efficiency of 7.15% from SP device is achieved, which is more than twice as efficient as the BC analogue (3.57%). The results demonstrate that SP is a promising strategy to fabricate high-performance all-PSCs with tunable configurations of active layers.
关键词： perylene diimide,non-fullerene acceptor,sequential processing,all-polymer solar cells,morphological control
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Indoor Photovoltaics: Photoactive Material Selection, Greener Ink Formulations, and Slot-Die Coated Active Layers
摘要： Strong visible light absorption is essential to achieve high power conversion efficiency in indoor organic photovoltaics (iOPVs). Here, we report iOPVs that exhibit high efficiency with high voltage under excitation by low power indoor lighting. Inverted type organic photovoltaic devices with active layer blends utilizing the polymer donor PPDT2FBT paired with fullerene, perylene diimide, or ring-fused acceptors that are 6.5-9.1% efficient under 1 sun are demonstrated to reach efficiencies from 10-17% under an indoor light source. This performance transcends that of a standard silicon photovoltaic device. Moreover, we compared iOPVs with active layers both spin-cast and slot-die cast from non-halogenated solvents and demonstrate comparable performance. This work opens a path towards high efficiency iOPVs for low power electronics.
关键词： Organic Photovoltaics,Perylene Diimide Dyes,Conjugated Polymers,Roll-to-Roll Compatible Coating,Green Solvent Processing
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52