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Battery-assisted low-cost hydrogen production from solar energy: Rational target setting for future technology systems
摘要： The massive implementation of renewable energy requires sophisticated assessments considering the combination of feasible technology options. In this study, a techno-economic analysis was conducted for hydrogen production from photovoltaic power generation (PV) utilizing a battery-assisted electrolyzer. The installed capacity of each component technology was optimized for the wide range of unit costs of electricity from the PV, battery, and proton-exchange membrane electrolyzer. Leveling of PV output by battery, the necessary capacity of electrolyzer is suppressed and the operating ratio of electrolyzer increases. The battery-assist will result in a lower hydrogen production cost when the benefit associated with the smaller capacity and higher operation ratio of the electrolyzer exceeds the necessary investment for battery installation. The results from this study indicated the cost of hydrogen as low as 17 to 27 JPY/Nm3 using a combination of technologies and the achievement of ambitious individual cost targets for batteries, PV, and electrolyzers.
关键词： Techno-economic analysis,Technology roadmap,Off-grid production,Proton-exchange membrane electrolyzer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring of the porous transport layers in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
摘要： In proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) cells the performance and thus the conversion efficiency are influenced by the interface between the porous transport layer (PTL) and the catalyst layer (CL). In the following paper, this interface is modified by the use of femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring, so that the specific surface area of the titanium based fibers of the PTL is increased. The resulting morphology exhibits two roughness levels of (i) a relatively coarse structure featuring tips of a few micrometers in diameter and depth, which are each covered in turn by (ii) a substructure of smaller tips of a few to several hundred nanometers in diameter and depth. PEMWE electrochemical characterization and short-term stress tests reveal that the cell performance is increased due to the laser-structuring of the PTL surface towards the CL. For instance, the cell voltage is reduced by approximately 30 mV after 100 h at 4 A cm?2. These beneficial effects are observed over the entire current density range and thus correspond to a decreased equivalent cell resistance of at least 6 mΩ cm2 for electrical interfacial contact losses and at least 2 mΩ cm2 for mass transport losses. A physical characterization by scanning electron microscopy shows that the CL surface is much rougher and more jagged when using laser-structured fibers. Thus, the gaseous oxygen and the liquid water transport both from and to the active sites of the catalyst seem to be improved.
关键词： catalyst layer,cell performance,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,porous transport layers,femtosecond laser-induced surface structuring
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Design and Optimization of Proton Exchanged Integrated Electro-Optic Modulators in X-Cut Lithium Niobate Thin Film
摘要： In this study, we designed, simulated, and optimized proton exchanged integrated Mach-Zehnder modulators in a 0.5-μm-thick x-cut lithium niobate thin film. The single-mode conditions, the mode distributions, and the optical power distribution of the lithium niobate channel waveguides are discussed and compared in this study. The design parameters of the Y-branch and the separation distances between the electrodes were optimized. The relationship between the half-wave voltage length production of the electro-optic modulators and the thickness of the proton exchanged region was studied.
关键词： Mach-Zehnder,electro-optic modulator,integrated optics devices,proton exchange,lithium niobate thin film
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Síntesis y Caracterización Fisicoquímica de una Membrana Cargada con TiO2 Preparada a Partir de la Sulfonación de un Copolímero de éster Acrílico y Estireno
摘要： Proton exchange membranes were prepared from a copolymer of acrylic ester and styrene, and their physicochemical properties were investigated for application in fuel cells. The properties of the membrane were modified from the sulfonation reaction and addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2). Physicochemical characterization of water uptake, ion exchange capacity and thermal analysis were carried out to the membranes prepared. The sulfonated-loaded membrane (SC) presented ion exchange capacity of 0.27 meq/g, water uptake of 25.8% and tensile strength of 4.63 MPa. These results confirm that the introduction of sulfonic groups and TiO2 addiction improve the physiochemical properties of the unmodified membrane, indicating that the prepared membranes have potential for applications in proton exchange fuel cells.
关键词： proton exchange,copolymer of acrylic ester- styrene,polymeric membrane
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Photoelectrochemical Gas–Electrolyte–Solid Phase Boundary for Hydrogen Production From Water Vapor
摘要： Hydrogen production from humidity in the ambient air reduces the maintenance costs for sustainable solar-driven water splitting. We report a gas-diffusion porous photoelectrode consisting of tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles coated with a proton-conducting polymer electrolyte thin film for visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical water vapor splitting. The gas–electrolyte–solid triple phase boundary enhanced not only the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the WO3 photoanode but also the Faraday efficiency (FE) of oxygen evolution in the gas-phase water oxidation process. The IPCE was 7.5% at an applied voltage of 1.2 V under 453 nm blue light irradiation. The FE of hydrogen evolution in the proton exchange membrane photoelectrochemical cell was close to 100%, and the produced hydrogen was separated from the photoanode reaction by the membrane. A comparison of the gas-phase photoelectrochemical reaction with that in liquid-phase aqueous media confirmed the importance of the triple phase boundary for realizing water vapor splitting.
关键词： proton exchange membrane,solar H2 production,tungsten oxide photoanode,visible-light-driven photoelectrode,gas-phase water splitting
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46