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Artificial Intelligence Assisted Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy In Situ Detection of Petroleum in Soils
摘要： A simple, remote-sensed method of detection of traces of petroleum in soil combining artificial intelligence (AI) with mid-infrared (MIR) laser spectroscopy is presented. A portable MIR quantum cascade laser (QCL) was used as an excitation source, making the technique amenable to field applications. The MIR spectral region is more informative and useful than the near IR region for the detection of pollutants in soil. Remote sensing, coupled with a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, was used to accurately identify the presence/absence of traces of petroleum in soil mixtures. Chemometrics tools such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and SVM demonstrated the effectiveness of rapidly differentiating between different soil types and detecting the presence of petroleum traces in different soil matrices such as sea sand, red soil, and brown soil. Comparisons between results of PLS-DA and SVM were based on sensitivity, selectivity, and areas under receiver-operator curves (ROC). An innovative statistical analysis method of calculating limits of detection (LOD) and limits of decision (LD) from fits of the probability of detection was developed. Results for QCL/PLS-DA models achieved LOD and LD of 0.2% and 0.01% for petroleum/soil, respectively. The superior performance of QCL/SVM models improved these values to 0.04% and 0.003%, respectively, providing better identification probability of soils contaminated with petroleum.
关键词： chemometrics,soil,artificial intelligence (AI),multivariate analysis,mid-infrared (MIR) laser spectroscopy,petroleum,quantum cascade lasers (QCLs)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - San Antonio, TX, USA (2019.9.29-2019.10.3)] 2019 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - High-Power Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Semiconductor Lasers
摘要： Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) employ intersubband transitions between conduction-band (CB) energy states in multi-quantum-well (MQW) structures, carrier tunneling between adjacent MQW stages, and coherent-light emission from multiple (30-50) stages. Unlike interband-transition semiconductor lasers, QCLs are not affected by Auger recombination in the mid-infrared wavelength range (l= 3-20 μm); thus, allowing them to readily reach lasing at room temperature (RT). However, using multiple stages leads to high voltages (3 10 V) that significantly decrease the wall-plug efficiency, hwp. Thus, although pulsed RT operation was obtained in 1996, it took until 2002 to achieve CW RT operation and until 2008 to obtain 1 W CW power.
关键词： Quantum cascade lasers,QCLs,high-power,semiconductor lasers,mid-infrared
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04