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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Clear-Air Anomaly Detection Using Modified Kalman Temporal Filter from Geostationary Multispectral Data
摘要： A multispectral temporal-based remote sensing technique based on a modified Kalman filter is presented for clear-air detection by using Geostationary visible-infrared radiometric passive measurements. The Kalman estimate relies on a model of the daily measurement cycle of the considered pixel in clear-sky conditions. If the measurement significantly deviates from the predicted value, an anomaly is detected, which is interpreted as a non-clear air scenario. The add-on value of such approach is to be able to provide a-priori estimates, making the algorithm applicable in a global way. The Meteosat Second Generation satellite has been used over a large sample area in West Africa and a test period of three months. An inter-comparison with respect to the EUMETSAT cloud mask product has been carried out showing promising results in terms of detecting clear-air scenarios and percentages of matching around 90% over the entire period.
关键词： Geostationary Visible-Infrared satellite measurements,clear-air detection,Kalman filtering,environmental monitoring,Global-scale analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Solar irradiance estimations for modeling the variability of photovoltaic generation and assessing violations of grid constraints: A comparison between satellite and pyranometers measurements with load flow simulations
摘要： Global horizontal irradiance (GHI) is typically used to model the power output of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation. On the one hand, satellite estimations are nonpervasive and already available from commercial providers, but they have a limited spatiotemporal resolution. On the other hand, local estimations, e.g., from pyranometers, sky-cameras, and monitored PV plants, capture local irradiance patterns and dynamics, but they require in situ monitoring infrastructure and upgrading the asset of electrical operators. Considering that in most power systems, PV generation is typically the aggregated contribution of many distributed plants, are local GHI estimations necessary to characterize the variability of the power ?ow at the grid connection point (GCP) and detect violations of the limits of voltages and line currents accurately? To reply, we consider GHI measurements from a dense network of pyranometers (used to model the ground truth GHI potential), satellite estimations for the same area, and information about a medium and low voltage distribution system. We perform load ?ows at different levels of installed PV capacity and compare the nodal voltages, line currents, and the power at the GCP when the irradiance is from pyranometers and when from satellite estimations, deriving conclusions on the necessity, or not, of highly spatiotemporally resolved irradiance estimations.
关键词： solar irradiance,grid constraints,satellite measurements,pyranometers,load flow simulations,photovoltaic generation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Search for Best Astronomical Observatory Sites in the MENA Region using Satellite Measurements
摘要： We perform a systematic search for astronomical observatory sites in the MENA (Middle-East and North Africa) region using space-based data for all the relevant factors, i.e. altitude (DEM), cloud fraction (CF), light pollution (NTL), precipitable water vapor (PWV), aerosol optical depth (AOD), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), Richardson Number (RN), and diurnal temperature range (DTR). We look for the best locations overall even where altitudes are low (the threshold that we normally consider being 1,500 m) or where the combination of the afore-mentioned determining factors had previously excluded all locations in a given country. In this aim, we use the rich data that Earth-observing satellites provide, e.g. the Terra and Aqua multi-national NASA research satellites, with their MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) instruments, the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS), and other products from climate diagnostics archives (e.g. MERRA). We present preliminary results on the best locations for the region.
关键词： diurnal temperature range,Richardson Number,MENA region,wind speed,precipitable water vapor,cloud fraction,relative humidity,aerosol optical depth,light pollution,astronomical observatory sites,satellite measurements
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Coseismic displacements of the 14 November 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake using an optical cubesat constellation
摘要： Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very-high resolution satellites, or airphotos. Here, we evaluate a new class of optical satellite images for this purpose – data from cubesats. More specific, we investigate the PlanetScope cubesat constellation for horizontal surface displacements by the 14 November 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikoura, New Zealand, earthquake. Single PlanetScope scenes are 2-4 m resolution visible and near-infrared frame images of approximately 20-30 km × 9-15 km in size, acquired in continuous sequence along an orbit of approximately 375-475 km height. From single scenes or mosaics from before and after the earthquake we observe surface displacements of up to almost 10 m and estimate a matching accuracy from PlanetScope data of up to ±0.2 pixels (~ ±0.6 m). This accuracy, the daily revisit anticipated for the PlanetScope constellation for the entire land surface of Earth, and a number of other features, together offer new possibilities for investigating coseismic and other Earth surface displacements and managing related hazards and disasters, and complement existing SAR and optical methods. For comparison and for a better regional overview we also match the coseismic displacements by the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake using Landsat8 and Sentinel-2 data.
关键词： coseismic displacements,optical cubesat constellation,satellite measurements,PlanetScope,Kaikoura earthquake
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46