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Sensitivity analysis of the carbon payback time for a Brazilian photovoltaic power plant
摘要： Decreasing upfront costs, governmental policies, and promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have provoked a sharp increase in the installed capacity of photovoltaic (PV) plants worldwide. In Brazil, PV plant installation has been growing since 2014, stimulated by the Ministry of Energy and Mines auctions dedicated to this technology. Net emissions vary depending on the emissions from the grid where PV plants are installed, and little is known about their actual payback times in tropical areas. This study calculates the carbon payback time of a 3.0 MWp PV power plant with a sensitivity analysis. We conclude that the PV plants installed in northeast Brazil are beneficial to climate change mitigation whether the PV module is mono-Si or poly-Si, manufactured abroad or not and, considering uncertainties about emissions from alternative technologies, especially hydropower.
关键词： Sensitivity analysis,Carbon payback time,Photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Relationships between design parameters of see-through thin film photovoltaic facade and energy performance of office building in China cold zone
摘要： See-through thin film photovoltaic is a substitute for traditional glass in building facade. Three design parameters of photovoltaic facade have the vast influence on the overall energy performance of building. They are orientation, visible light transmittance and comprehensive heat transfer coefficient. In this study, six photovoltaic facades were established by using two kinds of thin film photovoltaic materials with different transmittances, followed by conducting the simulations of ultimate energy consumptions, in five orientations, of the offices located in Tianjin city which belongs to China cold zone. Then, according to the energy consumption of the reference office, the energy-saving rates of offices with photovoltaic facades are calculated. Finally, the sensitivity of each design parameter to the energy-saving rate of buildings is analyzed. The results indicate that when building photovoltaic fa?ade faces south, the highest energy-saving rate is up to 61.22%, and the lowest energy-saving rate is only 13.7% when the PVF looks east. The energy-saving rate of the room is most sensitive to the orientation, and the sensitivity of the three design parameters changes as the orientation changes. When the photovoltaic facade faces south, according to the sensitivity of the parameters from high to low, the order should be orientation, the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient and the visible light transmittance.
关键词： building energy performance,see-through thin film photovoltaic fa?ade,sensitivity analysis,numerical simulation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Energy storage and management system design optimization for a photovoltaic integrated low-energy building
摘要： This study aims to analyze and optimize the photovoltaic-battery energy storage (PV-BES) system installed in a low-energy building in China. A novel energy management strategy considering the battery cycling aging, grid relief and local time-of-use pricing is proposed based on TRNSYS. Both single-criterion and multi-criterion optimizations are conducted by comprehensively considering technical, economic and environmental performances of the system based on decision-making strategies including the weighted sum and minimum distance to the utopia point methods. The single-criterion optimizations achieve superior performances in the energy supply, battery storage, utility grid and whole system aspect respectively over the existing scenario of the target building. The multi-criterion optimization considering all performance indicators shows that the PV self-consumption and PV efficiency can be increased by 15.0% and 48.6% while the standard deviation of net grid power, battery cycling aging and CO2 emission can be reduced by 3.4%, 78.5% and 34.7% respectively. The significance and impact of design parameters are further quantified by both local and global sensitivity analyses. This study can provide references for the optimum energy management of PV-BES systems in low-energy buildings and guide the renewable energy and energy storage system design to achieve higher penetration of renewable applications into urban areas.
关键词： Battery energy storage,Energy management,Optimization,Solar photovoltaic,Sensitivity analysis
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Solar Photovoltaic Panels Combined with Energy Storage in a Residential Building: An Economic Analysis
摘要： Renewable energy is a wide topic in environmental engineering and management science. Photovoltaic (PV) power has had great interest and growth in recent years. The energy produced by the PV system is intermittent and it depends on the weather conditions, presenting lower levels of production than other renewable resources (RESs). The economic feasibility of PV systems is linked typically to the share of self-consumption in a developed market and consequently, energy storage system (ESS) can be a solution to increase this share. This paper proposes an economic feasibility of residential lead-acid ESS combined with PV panels and the assumptions at which these systems become economically viable. The profitability analysis is conducted on the base of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method and the index used is Net Present Value (NPV). The analysis evaluates several scenarios concerning a 3-kW plant located in a residential building in a PV developed market (Italy). It is determined by combinations of the following critical variables: levels of insolation, electricity purchase prices, electricity sales prices, investment costs of PV systems, specific tax deduction of PV systems, size of batteries, investment costs of ESS, lifetime of a battery, increases of self-consumption following the adoption of an ESS, and subsidies of ESS. Results show that the increase of the share of self-consumption is the main critical variable and consequently, the break-even point (BEP) analysis defines the case-studies in which the profitability is verified.
关键词： sensitivity analysis,photovoltaic,self-consumption,storage,economic analysis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Fourteenth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER) - Monte-Carlo, Monaco (2019.5.8-2019.5.10)] 2019 Fourteenth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER) - Modelling and Optimal Sizing of Photovoltaic Water Pumping Systems – Sensitivity Analysis
摘要： Recently we have developed a model of photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS) for domestic water access in poor rural areas. In this article, we perform a sensitivity analysis over the 14 parameters of this model. We study how the variation of the parameters value influences the model output and the optimal sizing obtained from the model, for both the dry and the wet season. Results indicate that the peak power of the photovoltaic modules, the efficiency of the motor-pump and the tank volume have the highest impact on the model output. Besides, the parameters which significantly influence the optimal sizing are the position of the water entry in the tank, the position of the stop level of the float switch, the distance between the stop and restart levels of the float switch, the height between the floor and the bottom of the tank, and the static water level in the borehole. Finally, the thermal parameters of the PV modules and the hydraulic losses have a small impact on the model output and on the optimal sizing. This study can be useful to companies, governments and non-governmental organizations which install PVWPS for domestic water access. It can help them to determine the accuracy at which a given parameter has to be known to correctly model or size these systems. It can also allow them to evaluate the robustness of PVWPS sizing to parameters variation with time. Finally, it may guide the choice of components made by PVWPS installers.
关键词： Photovoltaic system,Water Pumping,Seasonality,Optimization,Sensitivity analysis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Borehole water level model for photovoltaic water pumping systems
摘要： Using photovoltaic energy to pump water from aquifers is an interesting solution to circumvent the low electricity grid coverage and provide improved domestic water access in off-grid areas in sub-Saharan Africa. When pumping and during the lifetime of a pumping installation, the borehole water level changes, which impacts the amount of energy required to extract water from the aquifer. In order to address alterations in energy requirements, this article develops a data-driven borehole water level model adapted to photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS). The proposed model is applicable to all types of PVWPS and aquifers. It has been validated against experimental data from a pilot PVWPS located in a rural off-grid village in Burkina Faso having achieved more than 97% accuracy. Thanks to this borehole model, we have been able to assess the influence of the variability of groundwater resources on both the performance of PVWPS and on their optimal sizing. We show that the variation of the static water level can require a increase of the peak power of the PV modules of up to 100%. Nonetheless, the effect of the drawdown due to the pumping is negligible. This study can help companies, governments and non-governmental organizations to better take into account the variability and the sustainability of groundwater resources in the optimal sizing and monitoring of PVWPS.
关键词： Groundwater resources,Optimal sizing,Sensitivity analysis,Photovoltaic water pumping,Lifecycle cost,Data validated model
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Sensitivity Analysis of Laser Quenching Parameters of ASTM 1045 of Disk Laser Based on Response Surface Method
摘要： Laser hardening is an important branch of laser surface hardening technology, which is widely used in metallurgy, transportation, machinery manufacturing, aerospace and other fields. At present, relying entirely on experience or process trial-and-error method, it can not effectively reveal the transient mechanism of laser quenching of disk laser, which is not conducive to shortening the research and development cycle and saving costs. The numerical simulation provides an effective way to obtain the dynamic evolution law of multi-field coupling in laser quenching process. In this paper, a thermo-mechanical coupling model of ASTM 1045 laser quenching process by disk laser is established. In the model, the temperature-dependent physical parameters were calculated by CALPHAD method. The transient law of temperature and microstructural transformation during quenching was obtained by solving the model. The formation and transformation degree of martensite were characterized by the dynamic changes of the depth and width of quenched transformation layer. The quenching structure and transformation hardening law were observed by Axioskop 2 SEM and Zeiss-IGMA HD FE-SEM to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. On this basis, the process parameters of laser quenching were sampled by Monte-Carlo method based on response surface methodology. The sensitivity effects of different process parameters on the temperature field and phase change field of laser quenching were analyzed, which laid a theoretical foundation for the optimization of process parameters.
关键词： Laser quenching,Quenching,Disk laser,Microstructures,Sensitivity analysis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04