- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
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Benefits, problems and challenges of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs): a short review
摘要： The benefits and problems to be solved and challenges for plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) are discussed. The benefits include high resource-use efficiency, high annual productivity per unit land area, and production of high-quality plants without using pesticides, regardless of weather. A major problem to be solved is high initial investment and operation costs. Challenges for the next-generation smart PFALs include the introduction of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence with the use of big data, genomics and phenomics (or methodologies and protocols for noninvasive measurement of plant-specific traits related to plant structure and function).
关键词： resource-use efficiency (RUE),cultivation system module (CSM),standardization,smart LED lighting system,annual productivity,artificial intelligence,phenotyping
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4) - Trebic, Czech Republic (2018.9.18-2018.9.20)] 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4) - Directions of Research and Standardization in the Field of Outdoor Lighting
摘要： This paper aims to highlight current trends in research and standardization in light and lighting with focus on the outdoor lighting. Activities of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) are briefly presented and detailed in selected topics picked up from the list of research priorities. The highlighted topics comprise adaptive lighting, tailored lighting, new lighting metrics, maintenance factor and obtrusive light issues in particular. Outlook for standardization items, priorities and strategy is outlined in the paper.
关键词： obtrusive light,smart lighting,research,outdoor lighting,maintenance factor,standardization,tailored lighting,light and lighting,adaptive lighting
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4) - Trebic, Czech Republic (2018.9.18-2018.9.20)] 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4) - The Window Size in Residential House Facades After the Current and New CEN Standard
摘要： Nowadays daylight apertures in buildings are designed on the bases of overcast sky conditions in wintertime in Slovakia and Czech Republic. The criterion is the relative value of the Daylight Factor in its average 0.9% in two reference points in the middle depth of the room. Commonly, in practice as a consequence are designed windows roughly 1.5 – 1.7 m high in living rooms. The proposed European standard FprEN17037 is introducing a new criterion median exterior horizontal illuminance with the required indoor illuminance 300 lx in the middle of the room depth or 100 lx as minimum close to the rear wall. This study discusses problems of the design of window size in residential buildings and consequences of the new median criterion as well as the required interior illuminance in absolute lux values.
关键词： daylighting evaluation,daylighting,daylight availability,standardization of daylighting
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Heterogeneous photocatalysis: guidelines on experimental setup, catalyst characterization, interpretation, and assessment of reactivity
摘要： Soon after the publication of the first pioneering works on heterogeneous photocatalysis, the number of papers on this topic continuously increased. This intriguing field of research is very complex as it endows with an interdisciplinary overview that involves different aspects of chemistry, physics, material and environmental sciences. Even if photocatalytic applications in real processes are often difficult to be implemented and scaled-up, investigations at laboratory scale are easy to be performed, and in some cases they may give rise to misconceptions. For this reason, the present work aims to sum up most of the common experimental techniques and procedures generally used in heterogeneous photocatalysis and to highlight the guidelines and the rules that a rigorous analysis and study of a photocatalytic system must follow. The paper focuses on the importance of standardization of photocatalytic experiments with special attention on the possibility to compare results obtained under different experimental conditions.
关键词： engineering aspects,Heterogeneous photocatalysis,standardization,characterization techniques,experimental procedures
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz2018) - Nagoya, Japan (2018.9.9-2018.9.14)] 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Turning THz Communications into Reality: Status on Technology, Standardization and Regulation
摘要： Already a couple of years ago THz communications have not only become an attractive new research area on channel modeling but also triggered a couple of projects heading to develop appropriate technological solutions to enable the set-up of hardware demonstrators. Also discussions and activities in standardization and regulation already took off. In October 2017, IEEE published Std. IEEE 802.15.3d-2017 the worldwide first wireless communications standard operating in the 300 GHz frequency band. In parallel to the standardization process activities at the ITU-R level targeting on the provision of an appropriate regulatory framework at the World Radio Conference 2019 (WRC-2019) via a dedicated agenda item have taken off. This paper provides a brief overview on the current status of the development of THz Communication systems focusing on recent results on advanced channel characterization at 300 GHz, hardware demonstrators operating in this frequency range, the past and current activities at IEEE 802 and the WRC 2019 preparations.
关键词： channel modeling,standardization,THz communications,regulation,hardware demonstrators
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Advanced Nanostructures for Environmental Health || Pilot-plant scaled water treatment technologies, standards for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern based on photocatalytic materials
摘要： The remediation of environmental problems is an actual concern in many kinds of approaches, including the quality of water and air, which are critical survival elements for us humans. To clean these important life necessities, suitable technologies are needed that could be applied very efficiently if there are standard procedures, limits, and approaches that we must apply. The definition of standardization is the following, according to Xie et al. [1]: “Standardization is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations, and governments.” The problem, in fact, lies in the existence of the term “interest groups,” which undermine the fast development of standardization procedures. Moreover, a research area such as photocatalysis is one of those that constantly changes, imposing significant pressure on standardization, including dynamic response. This is nearly impossible as photocatalysis is still showing increasing trends (Fig. 12.1).
关键词： standardization,Photocatalysis,contaminants of emerging concern,photocatalytic reactors,water treatment
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Maintaining the predictive abilities of egg freshness models on new variety based on VIS-NIR spectroscopy technique
摘要： This research was performed to study calibration model transfer between White Leghorns eggs and Bantam eggs for prediction of egg freshness by visible near infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy. Transmission spectra of the two varieties were acquired in the equatorial region of the eggs. And albumen pH as the freshness evaluating parameter was measured using traditional destructive methods. After outliers were eliminated by Mahalanobis distance combined with principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression (PLSR) with different preprocessing methods was used to develop prediction models. Global updating, direct standardization (DS) and slope/bias correction (SBC) were evaluated to transfer calibration models from one variety to another. The Kennard-Stone (KS) algorithm was used to select standardization samples. White Leghorns eggs and Bantam eggs as the master variety in turn were compared to find superior master variety. Application of the slope/bias correction (SBC) algorithm obtained the best prediction results of albumen pH. And the better slope/bias correction (SBC) transfer performance with a rp of 0.908 and a RMSEP of 0.133 was found when Bantam eggs were as the superior master variety.
关键词： Slope/bias correction,Visible near infrared spectroscopy,Direct standardization,Global updating,Egg
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Nara, Japan (2019.5.19-2019.5.23)] 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Demonstration of Low-Resistive P-Type Cu <sub/>4</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> Thin Films by Radio Frequency Sputtering for Low-Cost Thin Film Solar Cells
摘要： A number of environmental forces such as increasing value chain network complexity, decreasing product life-cycle cost, and time-to-market requirements or increasing product complexity act upon manufacturing organizations, enhancing the acute need for organizational routines that foster efficient and effective communication between processes. Such organizational routines erode quickly in the absence of common standards for knowledge sharing, that is why successful manufacturing systems benefit from interprocess standardization. The purpose of this paper is to offer a standardization model of interprocess communication that increases manufacturing operational performance (MOP). First, we propose a novel holistic model that makes standardized interprocess communication possible in manufacturing organizations. Second, we propose a model for quantifying the implications of standardizing interprocess communication upon MOP. Finally, as a matter of application, we show the results of its successful implementation in one Japanese manufacturing organization.
关键词： process standardization,interprocess communication,(CPD)nA,holonic systems,manufacturing performance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Best practices for measuring emerging light-emitting diode technologies
摘要： The arrival of light-emitting diodes based on new materials is posing challenges for the characterization and comparison of devices in a trusted and consistent manner. Here we provide some advice and guidelines that we hope will benefit the community.
关键词： LED characterization,emerging technologies,performance metrics,standardization,light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - GRACE: Developing Electrical Characterisation Methods for Future Graphene Electronics
摘要： GRACE — Developing electrical characterisation methods for future graphene electronics is a 2016 Normative Joint Research Project of the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research. The project focuses on the measurement of the electrical properties of graphene. Its objectives are to develop validated measurement methods and protocols, including fast-throughput examples. The work is performed in collaboration with international standardisation committees, with an aim to initiate and develop dedicated documentary standards.
关键词： Conductive films,Standardization,Metrology,Electric variables,Graphene,Electronics industry
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36