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Preparation of hierarchical flower-like nickel sulfide as hole transporting material for organic solar cells via a one-step solvothermal method
摘要： In this work, nickel sulfide (NiS) with a mesoporous network was prepared through a simple solvothermal approach. The influences of various contents of the sulfur source on the morphological changes were examined. Finally, the resultant NiS doped with various contents of sulfur were used as hole-transport layers (HTLs) for the application to organic solar cells (OSCs). Based on our knowledge of the implementation of OSCs, NiS-based HTLs are used for the first time in this paper. The OSCs developed with NiS_2.0 (NiS doped with 2.0 g of thioacetamide (sulfur source)) HTL showed a higher PCE response, at 2.28% than those fabricated with NiS_1.0 (NiS doped with 1.0 g of thioacetamide), NiS_1.5, (NiS doped with 1.5 g of thioacetamide), and NiS_2.5 (NiS doped with 2.5 g of thioacetamide), which only showed 1.38%, 1.88%, and 1.96%, respectively. Besides this improved photovoltaic response, it also demonstrated a superior reproducibility with a high degree of control over the environmental stability, i.e., 360 h, as compared to the bare PEDOT:PSS HTL-based OSCs, which showed just 240 h.
关键词： Stability,Reproducibility,Synthesis,Hole transport layer,Organic solar cells,Hierarchical flower-like nickel sulfide
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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One-pot synthesis of 3D Cu <sub/>2</sub> S–MoS <sub/>2</sub> nanocomposites by an ionic liquid-assisted strategy with high photocatalytic activity
摘要： Novel 3D Cu2S–MoS2(x : y) nanocomposites with different proportions of Cu2S (x) and MoS2 (y) are synthesized successfully by a one-step hydrothermal method with the assistance of the ionic liquid [BMIM]SCN. The characterization results show that the nanocomposites are self-assembled from nanosheets of Cu2S and MoS2, they display nanoflower morphology and a typical mesoporous structure. The fabrication mechanism of the nanocomposites is investigated using time-dependent experiments, which indicate the key role of the ionic liquid (IL) in the synthesis process. Furthermore, TAA is used as a sulfur source instead of the IL to form a Cu2S–MoS2 nanocomposite, with the aim of further investigating the effects of the IL on the morphology of the composite. Photodegradation of MB under visible light irradiation experiments were used as probe reactions to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared samples. All the nanocomposites show better catalytic activity than Cu2S and MoS2 monomers. Among the different Cu2S–MoS2(x : y) nanocomposites, the Cu2S–MoS2(1 : 1) composite exhibits the most excellent photocatalytic performance and cycling stability.
关键词： Cu2S–MoS2 nanocomposites,hydrothermal synthesis,photocatalytic activity,ionic liquid,methylene blue degradation
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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In-Situ Synthesis of Nb2O5/g-C3N4 Heterostructures as Highly Efficient Photocatalysts for Molecular H2 Evolution under Solar Illumination
摘要： This work focuses on the synthesis of heterostructures with compatible band positions and a favourable surface area for the efficient photocatalytic production of molecular hydrogen (H2). In particular, 3‐dimensional Nb2O5/g‐C3N4 heterostructures with suitable band positions and high surface area have been synthesized employing a hydrothermal method. The combination of a Nb2O5 with a low charge carrier recombination rate and a g‐C3N4 exhibiting high visible light absorption resulted in remarkable photocatalytic activity under simulated solar irradiation in the presence of various hole scavengers (triethanolamine (TEOA) and methanol). The following aspects of the novel material have been studied systematically: the influence of different molar ratios of Nb2O5 to g‐C3N4 on the heterostructure properties, the role of the employed hole scavengers, and the impact of the co‐catalyst and the charge carrier densities affecting the band alignment. The separation/transfer efficiency of the photogenerated electron‐hole pairs is found to increase significantly as compared to that of pure Nb2O5 and g‐C3N4, respectively, with the highest molecular H2 production of 110 mmol/g·h being obtained for 10 wt % of g‐C3N4 over Nb2O5 as compared with that of g‐C3N4 (33.46 mmol/g·h) and Nb2O5 (41.20 mmol/g·h). This enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to a sufficient interfacial interaction thus favouring the fast photogeneration of electron‐hole pairs at the Nb2O5/g‐C3N4 interface through a direct Z‐scheme.
关键词： Z‐Scheme,H2 evolution,hydrothermal synthesis,graphitic carbon nitride,photocatalysis,heterostructures,Niobium(V) oxide
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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A direct one-step synthesis of ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets from thiourea for boosting solar photocatalytic H2 evolution
摘要： Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets, as the promising photocatalyst with fascinating properties, have become a 'rising star' in the field of photocatalysis. Although g-C3N4 nanosheets exfoliated from the bulk g-C3N4 powders are extensively emerged, developing a simple synthetic approach is still full of challenge. To this end, here we report a direct polymerization strategy to fabricate the ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets, that is only heating treatment of thiourea in air without addition of any template. The photocatalytic activities of as-prepared samples were evaluated by photoreduction of water to hydrogen (H2) using triethanolamine as sacrificial agent and Pt as co-catalyst under visible-light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). As a result, our few-layered g-C3N4 nanosheets with an average thickness of 3.5 nm exhibit a superior visible-light photocatalytic H2 evolution rate (HER) of 1391 μmol g?1 h?1 and a remarkable apparent quantum efficiency of 6.6% at 420 nm. Eventually, the HER of as-fabricated ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets is not only much higher than the dicyandiamide-derived g-C3N4 or melamine-derived g-C3N4, but also greater than the thermal-oxidation etched g-C3N4 nanosheets under the same condition.
关键词： g-C3N4 nanosheets,Template-free polymerization,Solar energy conversion,2D materials,Photocatalysis,One-step synthesis
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Carbon dots synthesized at room temperature for detection of tetracycline hydrochloride
摘要： The traditional synthesis methods of carbon dots (CDs) have some disadvantages of complicated operation and a large amount of energy consumption. To address these limitations, we synthesized yellow-green luminescent CDs at room temperature according to the principle of amine-aldehyde condensation in this work. This reaction is simple, economical, energy saving and is extremely consistent with the concept of green synthesis and sustainable development. In addition, studies have found that tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) can quench the fluorescence of the as-prepared CDs through Inner filter effect (IFE). The changes of the fluorescence intensity also have a good linear relationship with the concentration of TC in the range of 10.0-400.0 μM, and the detection limit is 6.0 μM. This method has been successfully used to determine the tetracycline content of tetracycline tablets. Finally, the interaction mechanism between TC and CDs was analyzed and discussed.
关键词： room temperature synthesis,tetracycline,carbon dots
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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α-Fe <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> Polyhedral Nanoparticles Enclosed by Different Crystal Facets: Tunable Synthesis, Formation Mechanism Analysis, and Facets-dependent <i>n</i> -Butanol Sensing Properties
摘要： Three kinds of polyhedral α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles enclosed by different facets including oblique parallel hexahedrons (op-hexahedral NPs), cracked oblique parallel hexahedrons (cop-hexahedral NPs), and octadecahedral nanoparticles (octadecahedral NPs), were successfully prepared by simply changing only one reaction parameter in the hydrothermal process. The structural and morphological of the products were systematically studied using various characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealing that the three kinds of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were enclosed by {104}, {110}/{104}, and {102}/{012}/{104} crystal planes, respectively. The exposed facets and shape of the nanocrystals were found to be affected by the adding amount of ethylene glycol in the solvent. The gas-sensing properties and mechanism of the α-Fe2O3 samples were studied and analyzed, which indicated that the sensitivity of the three samples followed the order of octadecahedral NPs (cid:2) cop-hexahedral NPs (cid:2) op-hexahedral NPs due to the combined effects of specific surface area and oxygen defects in the nanocrystals.
关键词： Polyhedron,n-Butanol,Hydrothermal synthesis,α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles,Gas-sensing
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Highly fluorescent polyethyleneimine protected Au8 nanoclusters: one-pot synthesis and application in hemoglobin detection
摘要： Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) with atomic precision have huge application potentials in chemo/bio sensing, catalysis, and energy conversion. However, a precise atomic control of Au NCs still remains a great challenge. Herein, we developed a facile one-pot and top-down strategy to synthesize eight-atom numbered Au NCs (Au8 NCs), aiming to understand their fundamental physical/chemical properties and explore their potential applications. The etching of gold nanoparticles by their encapsulated hyperbranched polyethyleneimine was significantly promoted by a newly proposed catalyst, hydrogen peroxide, which gave rise to brightly blue-emitting Au8 NCs (quantum yield = 28.8%). The as-prepared Au8 NCs could sense hemoglobin with a detection limit of 5.0 nM through the combination of Fenton reaction and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. And the sensing behaviour is unaffected by the presence of various interfrerents such as proteins, small molecules, anions, and metoal ions. In addition, a hemoglobin evaluation in blood samples with small relative standard deviations and satisfied recoveries was achieved using the proposed Au8 NCs nanoprobes.
关键词： Gold nanoclusters,Sensing,One-pot synthesis,Hemoglobin,Fluorescence
更新于2025-11-14 15:29:11
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A comparative study on photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of synthesis methods of CDs/ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts
摘要： The introduction of carbon materials in photocatalytic systems can significantly enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. Here, we proposed and fabricated carbon nanodots/ZnIn2S4 (CDs/ZIS) samples via three methods. The morphology, chemical elements and valence, and photoelectric properties of CDs/ZIS samples were systematically characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS, UV and PL. The photocatalytic H2 production experiments indicate that the photocatalytic performance of all CDs/ZIS samples has been significantly improved, which could be attributed to the fact that serving as an excellent electron acceptor, CDs can accelerate the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. The samples prepared via one-pot hydrothermal method exhibit the optimal photocatalytic activity and the corresponding H2 production rate of 4.15 mmol g?1 h?1 under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), which is about 2.92 times higher than pure ZIS. Our work presented the influence of synthetic method on photoelectric performance and photocatalytic activity of CDs/ZIS nanocomposites, and provided a reliable idea for improving the photocatalytic performance of photocatalyst toward practical applications.
关键词： Synthesis methods,ZnIn2S4,Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,Carbon dots
更新于2025-11-14 15:29:11
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First titanium square fragment {Ti4(μ4-Se)(μ2-Se2)4} in its selenoiodide: Synthesis and structure of Ti4Se9I6
摘要： The first titanium selenoiodide Ti4Se9I6 was synthesized as black crystals by heating of Ti, Se, and I2 at 250 °C in 5:9:5 M ratio. The crystal structure of the compound was solved by X-ray single-crystal diffractometry (sp. gr. P-1, a = 7.9652(10), b = 10.3390(15), c = 15.692(2) ?; α = 79.116(7)°, β = 75.861(7)°, γ = 71.437(7)°; Z = 2) with final R1 = 0.0397. The structure includes square {Ti4(μ4-Se)(μ2-Se2)4} fragment coordinated by four terminal and four bridging μ2-I atoms. Ti4+ has d0 configuration, and stability of the structure fragments is provided by metal to ligand bonding which was confirmed by DFT calculations.
关键词： Metal chalcohalides,Titanium,Square complex,Synthesis,Selenide,X-ray crystal structure,Chain structure,DFT calculations,Iodide
更新于2025-11-14 15:14:40
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Energy Transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ in Yttrium and Gadolinium Orthoborates Obtained by Hydrothermal Synthesis
摘要： We studied the structure, IR absorption spectra, the spectral characteristics of photoluminescence and morphology of cerium- and terbium-doped orthoborates of gadolinium and yttrium obtained by hydrothermal synthesis at 200°C, as well as solid solutions of orthoborates on the basis of yttrium, gadolinium, and lutetium with composition RECe0.01Tb0.1BO3 (RE = Lu0.5Gd0.39, Lu0.5Y0.39, and Y0.5Gd0.39). The X-ray diffraction spectrum of yttrium orthoborate Y1 – x – yCexTbyBO3 is described by a hexagonal lattice with space group P63/m, which, after annealing at 970°C, transforms into a monoclinic lattice with space group C2/c. High-temperature annealing of the studied orthoborates leads to a multiple, more than two orders of magnitude, increase in the luminescence intensity of Tb3+ ions when the samples are excited in the absorption band of cerium ions. This effect is the result of a significant increase in the concentration of Ce3+ ions in the orthoborates at high temperatures. It is shown that the luminescence of terbium ions is due to energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+, which proceeds with high efficiency (～85%) by the mechanism of dipole-dipole interaction between cerium and terbium.
关键词： orthoborates,luminescence,Ce3+,hydrothermal synthesis,energy transfer,Tb3+
更新于2025-11-14 15:14:40