- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Chiral Analysis || Quantitative Chiral Analysis by Molecular Rotational Spectroscopy
摘要： This chapter presents early results from the emerging field of quantitative chiral analysis by molecular rotational spectroscopy. The focus is on the development of measurement techniques to solve the challenging analytical chemistry problem of determining the ratios of all stereoisomers for a chiral molecule. This analysis becomes particularly challenging as the number of chiral centers in the molecule increases. Furthermore, this area of spectroscopy has the goal of creating measurement techniques that can be used directly on complex chemical mixtures to perform chiral analysis without the need of chemical separation by chromatography. Examples of chemical samples that fall into this category include natural products like essential oils from plants that are a rich mixture of volatile species and reaction flask samples where stereospecific chemical reactions are performed and which contain unreacted reagents, desired and undesired reaction products, and solvents in the mixture.
关键词： stereoisomers,chiral tag,diastereomers,molecular rotational spectroscopy,chirality,enantiomers,three-wave mixing,analytical chemistry,quantitative chiral analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Optical Electronics (An Introduction) || 8. Fundamental of Nonlinear Optics
摘要： Nonlinear optics is an important branch of modern optics that emerged after the invention of laser. It covers the second, third, and higher-order nonlinear optic effects, and also studies some phenomena such as photorefractive effect and photon echo. In Section 8.2, we introduce the basic knowledge of nonlinear optics phase conjugate. Section 8.3 consider three-wave mixing as an example to discuss the second-order nonlinear optics effect. Sections 8.4 to 8.6 successively discuss the four-wave mixing, near-degenerate four-wave mixing, as well as harmonic oscillation four-wave mixing. In Section 8.8, we describe two kinds of elastic scattering that belong to the third order of nonlinear optics. Photon echo is a transient process along with a special nonlinear optics effect, Photorefractive phenomenon will be descripted in Sections 8.7 and 8.9. Phase conjugate waves can be produced in several nonlinear optics processes. Because phase conjugate wave can be used to correct distorted wavefront, it has important applications in laser nuclear fusion, lens-less imaging, and high-power, and high-light beam quality laser. These topics are also an important part of this chapter.
关键词： phase conjugate,Nonlinear optics,four-wave mixing,three-wave mixing,photon echo,photorefractive effect
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Optimizing the Nonlinearity and Dissipation of a SNAIL Parametric Amplifier for Dynamic Range
摘要： We present a quantum-limited Josephson-junction-based three-wave-mixing parametric amplifier, the superconducting nonlinear asymmetric inductive element (SNAIL) parametric amplifier (SPA), which uses an array of SNAILs as the source of tunable nonlinearity. We show how to engineer the nonlinearity over multiple orders of magnitude by varying the physical design of the device. As a function of design parameters, we systematically explore two important amplifier nonidealities that limit dynamic range: the phenomena of gain compression and intermodulation distortion, whose minimization are crucial for high-fidelity multiqubit readout. Through a comparison with first-principles theory across multiple devices, we demonstrate how to optimize both the nonlinearity and the input-output port coupling of these SNAIL-based parametric amplifiers to achieve higher saturation power, without sacrificing any other desirable characteristics. The method elaborated in our work can be extended to improve all forms of parametrically induced mixing that can be employed for quantum-information applications.
关键词： gain compression,Josephson-junction,three-wave-mixing,parametric amplifier,SNAIL,dynamic range,quantum-limited,intermodulation distortion
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04