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CFD Simulation of Turbulent Wind Effect on an Array of Ground-Mounted Solar PV Panels
摘要： Aim of the present study is to determine the wind loads on the PV panels in a solar array since panels are vulnerable to high winds. Extensive damages of PV panels, arrays and mounting modules have been reported the world over due to high winds. Solar array of dimension 6 m 9 4 m having 12 PV panels of size 1 m 9 2 m on 3D 1:50 scaled models have been simulated using unsteady solver with Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations of computational ?uid dynamics techniques to study the turbulent wind effects on PV panels. A standalone solar array with 30(cid:3) tilt angle in atmospheric surface layer with the Renormalized Group (RNG) turbulence closure sub-jected to incident wind varied from - 90(cid:3) to 90(cid:3). The net pressure, drag and lift coef?cients are found to be maxi-mum when the wind is ?owing normally to the PV panel either 90(cid:3) or - 90(cid:3). The tilt angle of solar arrays the world over not vary on the latitude but also on the seasons. Keeping this in mind the ground mounted PV panels in array with varying tilt angle from 10(cid:3) to 60(cid:3) at an interval of 10(cid:3) have been analyzed for normal wind incident i.e. 90(cid:3) and - 90(cid:3) using unsteady RNG turbulence model. Net pressure coef?cients have been calculated and found to be increasing with increase in array tilting angle. Maximum net pressure coef?cient was observed for the 60(cid:3) tilted PV array for 90(cid:3) and - 90(cid:3) wind incident having value of 0.938 and 0.904 respectively. The results can be concluded that the PV panels are subjected to signi?cant lift and drag forces under wind loading, which needs to be quanti?ed with suf?cient factor of safety to avoid damages.
关键词： Wind loads,CFD,Unsteady RNG turbulence model,Solar arrays
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Performance of Turbulence Models in Simulating Wind Loads on Photovoltaics Modules
摘要： The performance of ?ve conventional turbulence models, commonly used in the wind industry, are examined in predicting the complex wake of an in?nite span thin normal ?at plate with large pressure gradients at Reynolds number of 1200. This body represents a large array of Photovoltaics modules, where two edges of the plate dominate the ?ow. This study provided a benchmark for capabilities of conventional turbulence models that are commonly used for wind forecasting in the wind energy industry. The results obtained from Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) k ? ε, Reynolds Normalization Group (RNG) k ? ε, RANS k ? ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) were compared with existing Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS). The mean ?ow features and unsteady wake characteristics were used as testing criteria amongst these models. All turbulence models over-predicted the mean recirculation length and under-predicted the mean drag coef?cient. The major differences between numerical results in predicting the mean recirculation length, mean drag and velocity gradients, leading to de?cits in turbulence kinetic energy production and diffusion, hint at major dif?culties in modeling velocity gradients and thus turbulence energy transport terms, by traditional turbulence models. Unsteadiness of ?ow physics and nature of eddy viscosity approximations are potential reasons. This hints at the de?ciencies of these models to predict complex ?ows with large pressure gradients, which are commonly observed in wind and solar farms. The under-prediction of wind loads on PV modules and over-estimation of the recirculation length behind them signi?cantly affects the ef?ciency and operational feasibility of solar energy systems.
关键词： RANS,CFD,PV module,wake dynamics,turbulence,wind loads,wind forecasting
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 9th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE) - Budapest (2018.7.10-2018.7.13)] 2018 9th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE) - Numerical Study of Wind Loads on A Solar Panel at Different Inclination Angles
摘要： A numerical analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology was carried out to study the effect of the different inclination angles on wind loads of solar panel. The wind flow is simulated as turbulent, incompressible flow with a free stream velocity of 10 m/s and a wind direction of 1800 and the inclination angles is chosen as 250, 300 and 350. The finite-volume-method is employed to solve the governing equations, coupled with the k─ε turbulence model with standard-wall treatment. The results indicate that pressure magnitudes on the panel were increased with the inclination angle. The maximum lift and drag force is appeared for the 350 inclination.
关键词： computational fluid dynamics,wind loads,inclination angle,solar panel
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - 3rd generation rim drive heliostat with monolithic sandwich panel
摘要： The improvements of the mechanical structure of the current rim drive heliostat generation with chain drive system and monolithic sandwich structure is described. The improvements of the mechanical structure result in increased torsional stiffness of the pylon, reduced manufacturing effort, increased life time of the chain gears, and better access to the drives. Dynamic wind loads were determined by loading a transient finite element model with pressure distribution time series gained by wind tunnel tests. Due to the rims, the heliostat shows significantly better dynamic behavior than conventional heliostats without rims.
关键词： monolithic sandwich panel,rim drive heliostat,dynamic wind loads,chain drive system,torsional stiffness
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14