1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study designed an LED-based OWPT system using a high-intensity IR LED and a small-size GaAs solar cell. The system included an aspheric condenser lens and a Fresnel lens for beam control.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

A GaAs solar cell of 1.7 × 1.7 cm2 size was used as the receiver. An 810 nm IR LED (OSRAM, SFH-4703AS) with 1.04 W intensity and ±40° divergence angle was selected as the light source.

3：7 × 7 cm2 size was used as the receiver. An 810 nm IR LED (OSRAM, SFH-4703AS) with 04 W intensity and ±40° divergence angle was selected as the light source. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: The setup included an IR LED, aspheric condenser lens (SIGMAKOKI, AGL-32.5-23.5 P), Fresnel lens (Nihon Tokushu Kogaku Jushi, CF100), and GaAs solar cell.

4：5-5 P), Fresnel lens (Nihon Tokushu Kogaku Jushi, CF100), and GaAs solar cell. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The system was tested for power transmission efficiency and output power at a 100 cm distance. The intensity before and after the lenses was measured to evaluate the efficiency of each optical component.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The performance was analyzed based on the intensity received on the solar cell and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency.