1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved the preparation of thin films of P3HT:PCBM and P3HT:ITIC blends for use as active layers in Organic Solar Cells. The methods included absorption, photoluminescence, and short-circuit current density–voltage characteristics measurements.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

The samples were prepared from solutions of P3HT, PCBM, ITIC, and their blends (P3HT:PCBM and P3HT:ITIC) in dichlorobenzene. The solutions were spin-coated onto ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

UV-1280 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan) for absorption spectra, Renishaw 2000 spectrometer (UK) for photoluminescence spectra, Keithley 2420 source measurement unit for J–V characteristics, DEKTAK 150 profilometer (Veeco, USA) for thickness measurements.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The substrates were cleaned and treated with O2 plasma. Layers of PEDOT:PSS, active layer, and PFN were sequentially spin-coated. Al strips were thermally evaporated to define the active area. The samples were annealed at 160°C for 20 min.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The absorption and photoluminescence spectra were analyzed to understand the structural and photophysical properties. The photovoltaic characteristics were measured under simulated solar irradiation.