研究目的
To develop planar p-i-n type perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with enhanced efficiency and long-term stability by incorporating carbon quantum dots (CQDs) into a nickel oxide (NiO) hole transport layer (HTL).
研究成果
The incorporation of CQDs into NiO HTL enhances the efficiency and stability of planar p-i-n type PSCs. The optimized NiO:CQD HTL improves charge transport, reduces J-V hysteresis, and maintains over 70% of the initial PCE after 190 h under atmospheric conditions without encapsulation. This approach offers a promising strategy for developing stable and efficient PSCs.
研究不足
The study does not address the scalability of the fabrication process for industrial applications. Additionally, the long-term stability tests were conducted over a relatively short period (190 h), and further studies may be needed to assess the durability over longer periods.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of CQDs via a hydrothermal reaction and their incorporation into NiO HTL to fabricate PSCs. The effect of CQD incorporation on the performance and stability of PSCs was investigated.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The samples included PSCs fabricated with bare NiO and NiO:CQD HTLs. Data were collected on the optical, electrical, and photovoltaic properties of these devices.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Hall measurement system, UV-visible spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution transition electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM), and a contact angle analyzer. Materials included nickel acetate, ethanolamine, CH3NH3I, PbI2, N,N-dimethylmethanamide (DMF), isopropyl acetate, toluene, PCBM, and BCP/Ag.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The procedure involved the synthesis of CQDs, preparation of NiO and NiO:CQD solutions, spin-coating of these solutions onto ITO glass, deposition of perovskite and other layers, and characterization of the resulting PSCs.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
The analysis included UV-Vis spectroscopy, PL emission and excitation spectra, TRPL measurements, Hall measurements, and photovoltaic performance testing.
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ESCA
250Xi
Thermo Scientific
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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JEM ARM 200F
JEM ARM 200F
JEOL
High-resolution transition electron microscopy
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JSM-7600F
JSM-7600F
JEOL
Field-emission scanning electron microscope
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HMS-4000AM
HMS-4000AM
Ecopia
Hall measurement system
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UV 540
UV 540
Unicam
UV-visible spectrometer
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NX-10
NX-10
Park Systems
Kelvin probe force microscope
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Phoenix-MT(A)
Phoenix-MT(A)
SEO Co.
Contact angle analyzer
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SRC 1000 TC KG5 N
SRC 1000 TC KG5 N
VLSI Standards, Inc.
Si-reference solar cell
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