研究目的
Investigating the synthesis and photocatalytic performance of lignite-derived carbon quantum dot/TiO2 heterostructure nanocomposites under visible light.
研究成果
The lignite-derived CQDs/TiO2 heterostructure nanocomposites exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light due to the heterostructure interface, which narrows the TiO2 bandgap, accelerates charge separation, and acts as an electron donor. The 2 wt% CQDs/TiO2 showed the best performance, with potential applications in biomedicine, optoelectronics, sensors, and energy storage.
研究不足
The study focuses on the photocatalytic performance under visible light and the charge transfer properties, but the scalability of the synthesis method and the long-term stability of the nanocomposites under practical conditions are not extensively explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
A facile and green route to produce carbon quantum dots from lignite and in situ synthesize CQDs/TiO2 heterostructure nanocomposites. The methodology includes refluxing lignite with H2O2 and formic acid, followed by in situ synthesis of CQDs/TiO2 using CTAB, n-pentanol, n-hexane, and titanium(III) chloride.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Lignite from Inner Mongolia was used as the carbon source. The samples were characterized using FESEM, HRTEM, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, UV-Vis absorption spectra, and fluorescence spectra.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi SU8020), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, EFI Tecnai G2 F20 S-TWIN), X-ray diffraction (XRD, Bruker AXS D8 ADVANCE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo Scientific Escalab 250Xi), Raman spectra (Renishaw inVia confocal Raman microscope), FTIR spectra (PerkinElmer Spectrum 100), UV-Vis absorption spectra (PerkinElmer 750 spectrophotometer), fluorescence spectra (Edinburgh FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The synthesis involved refluxing lignite with H2O2 and formic acid, filtering, dialysis, and freeze-drying to obtain solid CQDs. The CQDs/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by dissolving CQDs in a mixed solvent, adding titanium(III) chloride, and heating in a Teflon-lined autoclave.
5：Data Analysis Methods
The photocatalytic performance was evaluated by the photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light. The data were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and fitted with a pseudo-first-order kinetics model.
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UV-Vis spectrophotometer
PerkinElmer 750
PerkinElmer
Obtaining UV-Vis absorption spectra of the product.
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Fluorescence spectrometer
Edinburgh FLS920
Edinburgh
Characterizing the fluorescence spectra of the product.
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Field-emission scanning electron microscopy
Hitachi SU8020
Hitachi
Analyzing the morphology and elemental content of the product.
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X-ray diffraction
Bruker AXS D8 ADVANCE
Bruker
Analyzing the crystal structure of the product.
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Thermo Scientific Escalab 250Xi
Thermo Scientific
Analyzing the surface composition and chemical state of the product.
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FTIR spectrometer
PerkinElmer Spectrum 100
PerkinElmer
Obtaining FTIR spectra of the product.
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High-resolution transmission electron microscopy
EFI Tecnai G2 F20 S-TWIN
EFI
Analyzing the size, crystal structure, and lattice of the product.
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Raman microscope
Renishaw inVia
Renishaw
Recording Raman spectra of the product.
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