研究目的
Investigating the fabrication of Tm/Al co-doped silica glass using laser additive manufacturing technology for application in 2 μm photonic crystal fiber lasers.
研究成果
The Tm/Al co-doped silica glass fabricated by laser additive manufacturing technology exhibits high homogeneity and low hydroxyl content. The corresponding Tm-doped PCF demonstrated a slope efficiency of 13.9% with a laser output power of nearly 600 mW. This technology is promising for the fabrication of active fibers with higher homogeneity, larger core size, and heavier doping concentration, which is significant for high power Tm-doped fiber laser development.
研究不足
The hydroxyl content in the glass sample was higher compared to MCVD solution doping technique. The fiber loss in the Tm PCF was higher than Tm-doped fibers fabricated by MCVD method. The laser output power is relatively low compared to commercial fibers.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The Tm/Al co-doped silica glass was fabricated using laser additive manufacturing technology with a CO2 laser as the heat source. The process involved the deposition of Tm2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 powder on a pure silica base rod.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The raw materials included Tm2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 with purity of 99.99%. The mole percentage was 0.075 Tm2O3-0.75 Al2O3-99.175 SiO
3：99%. The mole percentage was 075 Tm2O3-75 Al2O3-175 SiOList of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
2. 3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: CO2 laser, coaxial powder feeding device, O2 gas as the carrier, prism coupling apparatus (Metricon Model 2010, USA), X-ray diffraction (XRD, D8 Advance, Bruker), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS, JSM-6701F), Raman spectrometer (LabRAM HR800), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Nicllet 6700), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Lambda 900 UV-VIS-NIR, Perkin-Elmer), electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) JXA-8230 (JEOL, Japan), 793nm laser diode, MAYA2000 Pro spectrograph, NIR Quest 256 spectrograph.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The mixed powder was heated to remove hydroxyl groups, then deposited on the surface melting zone of a pure silica base rod using a CO2 laser. The base rod rotated and moved downward during the process. The resulting glass rod was used to fabricate a Tm-doped PCF.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The refractive index, material structure, doping homogeneity, structure defects, and spectra were measured and analyzed using the aforementioned equipment.
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X-ray diffraction
D8 Advance
Bruker
Used to analyze the glass structure.
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Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer
Lambda 900 UV-VIS-NIR
Perkin-Elmer
Used to measure the absorption spectra.
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Electron probe micro analyzer
JXA-8230
JEOL
Used to measure the distribution of Tm3+ and Al3+ in the fiber core.
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CO2 laser
Used as the heat source for the laser additive manufacturing process.
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Prism coupling apparatus
Metricon Model 2010
Metricon
Used to measure the refractive index of the Tm-doped silica glass.
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Energy Dispersive Spectrometer
JSM-6701F
Used to analyze the components homogeneity and doping concentration within the glass sample.
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Raman spectrometer
LabRAM HR800
Used to measure the Raman spectra to reveal the defects.
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Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer
Nicllet 6700
Used to measure the infrared absorption spectra, representing the hydroxyl (OH-) concentration.
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Laser diode
Used to pump the Tm-doped glass sample.
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Spectrograph
MAYA2000 Pro
Used to receive the emission spectra.
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Spectrograph
NIR Quest 256
Used to receive the emission spectra.
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