研究目的
To demonstrate an approach to form a flexible transparent electrode with features of excellent conductivity, high transparency, very smooth surface topography, robust electrical stability applied with simultaneously continuous operation bias and mechanical bending, efficient charge transportation, and very good device fabrication reliability based on the composite Ag nanonetwork with an example conductive polymer of PEDOT:PSS semi-embedded in low-temperature-processed cPI substrate.
研究成果
The outperformed flexible transparent electrode, composed of Ag nanonetwork and an example polymer of PEDOT:PSS semi-embedded in low-temperature-processed cPI, featured with optimal electrical/optical properties, extremely smooth surface topography, robust electrical stability loaded with simultaneously continuous operation bias and mechanical bending, and efficient charge transportation with adjacent layer has been demonstrated. The treated OSC device with PM6:Y6 has achieved the averaged PCE of 14.46% (with best PCE of 15.12%), which is the best performance among ITO-free flexible OSC devices so far.
研究不足
The study focuses on the development of a flexible transparent electrode with specific materials and conditions, which may limit its applicability to other materials or under different conditions. The performance under extreme environmental conditions or long-term stability beyond the tested parameters is not addressed.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The methodology involves a one-step multifunctional chemical treatment for the flexible transparent electrode, composed of Ag nanonetwork with PEDOT:PSS. The process was carried out entirely in the solution at room temperature.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Ag nanowires with diameters of 30, 60, and 100 nm and lengths of 100–300 μm were synthesized. PEDOT:PSS was used as the conductive polymer.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Silver nitrate, ascorbic acid, and acetic acid were mixed together for the chemical mixture solution. The synthesis of PAA of the 6FDA-TFDB structure was followed by the previously reported work to be fully contributed to 1:1 copolymerization by mildly stirring ended up a viscous precursor (poly(amic acid) (PAA)) for 6 h, which is a precursor of cPI flexible substrate.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The process includes UVO treatment, forming of PEDOT:PSS, coating of Ag nanowires, one-step multifunctional chemical treatment, and the preparation of the flexible composite electrode semi-embedded in cPI flexible substrate.
5：Data Analysis Methods
The surface topography of the flexible composite electrode in cPI was examined by SEM, TEM, tapping mode AFM, respectively. XPS of Ag nanowires on ITO was measured in the ultrahigh vacuum environment. The FTIR spectrum was recorded by using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The sheet resistances of the flexible electrode substrates were directly measured from a four-point probe approach, and diffused transmission spectra were obtained from a home-built optics system.
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