1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved substituting the usual chlorobenzene solvent with pentachloroethane (PC) for depositing the spiro-OMeTAD HTM layer without additives. The methodology included the fabrication of PSCs with an n-i-p architecture, incorporating a compact TiO2 layer, a mesoporous TiO2 scaffold, a Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16PbBr0.51I2.49 perovskite layer, and an evaporated gold electrode.

2：05FA79MA16PbBr51I49 perovskite layer, and an evaporated gold electrode. Sample Selection and Data Sources:

2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: The perovskite precursor solution was prepared by dissolving PbI2, PbBr2, FAI, MABr, CsI in a mixture of anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The HTM solution was spin-coated onto the perovskite surface.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Materials included spiro-OMeTAD, methylammonium bromide, formamidinium iodide, and pentachloroethane. Equipment included a solar simulator, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The perovskite precursor solution was spin-coated onto the mesoporous TiO2, followed by annealing. The HTM solution was then spin-coated onto the perovskite surface, and the gold counter electrode was thermally evaporated on top.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The study employed X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and photoelectron spectroscopy in air (PESA) for characterization.