研究目的
Investigating the synthesis and application of star-shaped small molecules as donor or acceptor materials in organic photovoltaics.
研究成果
The study successfully synthesized two star-shaped compounds with good thermal stability and broad absorption, suitable for use as donor or acceptor materials in organic photovoltaics. A PCE of 0.45% was achieved, with potential for further improvement through device optimization.
研究不足
The study acknowledges the insufficient solubility and low LUMO energy levels of S-TT, which mismatch with PC61BM, leading to low photovoltaic performance. Further optimization of device structure and morphology is suggested for improved efficiency.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of two star-shaped small molecules (S-TT and S-TT-R) through different synthetic routes, focusing on their structural, thermal, electrochemical, and photophysical properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The materials were synthesized using common reagents and characterized using various spectroscopic and analytical techniques.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Instruments included thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and space charge limited current (SCLC) measurements.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The synthesis involved Wittig reaction and Stille coupling, followed by purification and characterization. Photovoltaic devices were fabricated and tested.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The data were analyzed to determine thermal stability, energy levels, absorption spectra, crystallinity, film morphology, and charge transport properties.
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3-methylthiophene
99%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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N-bromosuccinimide
99%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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2,5-dibromo-3-methylthiophenetriphenylphosphine
99%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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thiophene
98%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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3-hexylthiophene
98%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium
energy chemical
Catalyst used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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n-butyllithium
2.5 M
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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chlorotributyltin
98%
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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3-ethylrhodanine
energy chemical
Used as terminal and withdrawing groups in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide
energy chemical
Used in the synthesis of star-shaped small molecules.
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