研究目的
To design and synthesize conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with differently charged side chains for use as cathode interlayers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) to achieve high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs).
研究成果
PBTz-TMAI and PBTz-SO3Na, based on the same benzotriazole-conjugated backbone but with differently charged side chains, were successfully synthesized and applied as cathode interlayers in PSCs. These materials improved the power conversion efficiencies of the devices, with PBTz-TMAI showing superior performance. The study demonstrates the potential of tailored CPEs for enhancing the efficiency of PSCs through optimized energy-level alignment and interfacial properties.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and application of specific CPEs as cathode interlayers in PSCs. The performance improvements are demonstrated with specific active layers (PTB7:PC71BM and PBDB-T:ITIC), and the generalizability to other active layers or device architectures is not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of PBTz-TMAI and PBTz-SO3Na through side-chain functionalization and Yamamoto polymerization, respectively. These CPEs were used as cathode interlayers in PSCs.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The active layers used were blends of fullerene-based PTB7:PC71BM and non-fullerene-based PBDB-T:ITIC.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Indium-tin oxide (ITO) glass, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), PTB7, PC71BM, PBDB-T, and ITIC were used. Equipment included a Thermo Fisher Scientific Ultra Spectrometer, Agilent 5500 AFM, Perkin–Elmer Lambda 950 spectrophotometer, Shimadzu RF-5301 PC spectrofluorophotometer, and a Newport-Oriel Sol3A 450 W solar simulator.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
PSCs were fabricated with the structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/active layer/CPEs/Al. The active layers and CPEs were spin-coated, and the devices were characterized under simulated solar light.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The performance of PSCs was analyzed using current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV–vis absorption spectra, and photoluminescence (PL) measurements.
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Agilent 5500
Digital Instrument
Agilent
Used for atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements.
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Indium-tin oxide (ITO) glass
Delta Technologies Limited
Used as a transparent conductive substrate for the polymer solar cells.
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poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)
Heraeus, Germany
Used as a hole transport layer in the polymer solar cells.
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PTB7
Solarmer Materials Inc.
Used as a donor material in the active layer of the polymer solar cells.
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PC71BM
Solarmer Materials Inc.
Used as an acceptor material in the active layer of the polymer solar cells.
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PBDB-T
Solarmer Materials Inc.
Used as a donor material in the active layer of the polymer solar cells.
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ITIC
Solarmer Materials Inc.
Used as an acceptor material in the active layer of the polymer solar cells.
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Thermo Fisher Scientific Ultra Spectrometer
Thermo Fisher Scientific
Used for ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements.
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Perkin–Elmer Lambda 950 spectrophotometer
Perkin–Elmer
Used for UV–vis absorption spectra measurements.
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Shimadzu RF-5301 PC spectrofluorophotometer
Shimadzu
Used for photoluminescence (PL) measurements.
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Newport-Oriel Sol3A 450 W solar simulator
Newport-Oriel
Used to provide simulated solar light for testing the polymer solar cells.
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