研究目的
Investigating the structural, optical, and electrical properties of brucinium 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate 0.5 hydrate single crystal for high-power laser, ultrahigh cooling, sensor, and detector applications.
研究成果
The brucinium 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate 0.5 hydrate crystal exhibits good crystalline perfection, high SHG efficiency, and thermal stability up to 101 °C, making it a promising material for high-power laser, ultrahigh cooling, sensor, and detector applications. The theoretical and experimental analyses confirm its suitability for various optoelectronic and piezoelectric applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to the characterization of the brucinium 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate 0.5 hydrate single crystal and does not explore its performance in actual device applications. Potential areas for optimization include further enhancing the SHG efficiency and thermal stability for specific applications.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The crystal was synthesized using AR grade of brucine and 4M3NBA in equimolar ratio by utilizing ethanol–water as a mixed solvent. The solution was stirred and filtered, then allowed to evaporate to harvest the crystal.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
A single crystal with dimensions of 1.1 × 0.4 × 0.2 mm3 was harvested over a period of 55–60 days.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
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4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The crystal was synthesized, filtered, and allowed to evaporate to harvest the crystal. Various analyses including structure analysis, UV–visible analysis, fluorescence study, SHG efficiency measurement, HRXRD study, dielectric behavior analysis, piezoelectric charge coefficient measurement, and thermal analysis were conducted.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Data were analyzed using theoretical approaches and standard equations for various parameters including band gap, optical electronegativity, UV resonance energy, refractive index, Urbach energy, steepness parameter, strength of electron–phonon interaction, lifetime values, SHG efficiency, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, ac conductivity, activation energy, thermal conductivity, crystal density, plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy, electronic polarizability, piezoelectric charge coefficient, and piezovoltage.
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Shimadzu UV 1600 spectrometer
UV 1600
Shimadzu
UV–visible spectrum recording
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Nd:YAG laser
LAB—170—10
QUANTA RAY
SHG and LDT investigation
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PANalytical X’ Pert PRO MRD
X’ Pert PRO MRD
PANalytical
High-resolution X-ray diffractometer
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PerkinElmer Diamond S11
Diamond S11
PerkinElmer
Thermal analysis
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Bruker AXS Kappa APEX III CMOS Diffractometer
Kappa APEX III
Bruker
Structure analysis
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FLUOROCUBE spectrofluorometer
FLUOROCUBE
JOBIN-YVON
Fluorescence spectral study and lifetime quantifications
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HIOKI 3532-50 LCR HITESTER
3532-50 LCR HITESTER
HIOKI
Dielectric behavior analysis
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PM-300 piezometer
PM-300
Piezoelectric charge coefficient measurement
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