研究目的
To develop environmental friendly UV shielding materials with excellent antimicrobial and mechanical properties using choline citrate stabilized gelatin-lignin films.
研究成果
The study successfully developed choline citrate stabilized gelatin-lignin films with excellent UV shielding, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial properties. The films showed a high sun protection factor (SPF) up to ~45.0, large elongation ~200%, and tensile strength ~70 MPa. The synthesis procedure is easy and scalable for industrial manufacturing, making the developed bio-based materials useful for biomedical and optical applications.
研究不足
The films containing IL, choline citrate, showed less thermal stability (~200°C) compared to films without IL (~260°C). The study also noted the hygroscopic nature of the films, which could affect their mechanical strength under varying relative humidity.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the construction of choline citrate stabilized gelatin-lignin films. The synthesis procedure was less energy demanding, one pot, and sustainable in nature.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Gelatin type A and alkaline lignin were used as the main materials. Choline citrate was synthesized from choline bicarbonate and citric acid.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included UTM for mechanical analysis, TGA for thermal analysis, ATR-IR and PXRD for structural analysis, optical microscope, AFM, and FE-SEM for surface morphology, and UV-Visible spectroscopy for optical properties.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Films were prepared by dissolving gelatin and lignin in deionized hot water, adding choline citrate, casting the solution on polypropylene petri plates, and drying.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Mechanical properties were analyzed using UTM, thermal stability by TGA, structural properties by ATR-IR and PXRD, surface morphology by optical microscope, AFM, and FE-SEM, and optical properties by UV-Visible spectroscopy.
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UV-Vis spectrophotometer
Evolution 201
Thermo Scientific
Optical properties measurement of films
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ATR-IR spectrometer
Cary 6500
Agilent
Structural analysis of films
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PXRD system
PANalytical Empyrean
PANalytical
Structural analysis of films
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Field emission scanning electron microscope
JFM 7100 F
JEOL
Surface morphology analysis of films
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Gelatin type A
M P Biomedicals India
Main biodegradable matrix of the films
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Alkaline lignin
TCI, Japan
Contributes mainly to SPF due to its basic phenylpropane unit and UV absorbing functional groups
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Citric acid
Rankem
Used in the synthesis of choline citrate
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Choline bicarbonate
Sigma Aldrich India
Used in the synthesis of choline citrate
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Universal Testing Machine
ZwickRoell
ZwickRoell, Germany
Mechanical analysis of films
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Thermogravimetric analyzer
NETZSCH TG 209F1 Libra
NETZSCH
Thermal analysis of prepared films
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Atomic force microscope
Ntegra Aura
NT-MDT, Russia
Surface morphology analysis of films
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