摘要： We present a robust method for loading small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes onto the surfaces of gold nanorods (GNRs) at high density, using near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation to trigger their intracellular release with subsequent knockdown activity. Citrate-stabilized GNRs were first coated with oleylsulfobetaine (OSB), a zwitterionic amphiphile with low cytotoxicity, which produced stable dispersions at high ionic strength. Amine-modified siRNA duplexes were converted into dithiocarbamate (DTC) ligands and adsorbed onto GNR surfaces in a single incubation step at 0.5 M NaCl, simplifying the charge screening process. The DTC anchors were effective at minimizing premature siRNA desorption and release, a common but often overlooked problem in the use of gold nanoparticles as oligonucleotide carriers. The activity of GNR?siRNA complexes was evaluated systematically against an eGFP-producing ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3) using folate receptor-mediated uptake. Efficient knockdown was achieved by using a femtosecond-pulsed laser source to release DTC-anchored siRNA, with essentially no contributions from spontaneous (dark) RNA desorption. GNRs coated with thiol-anchored siRNA duplexes were less effective, and also permitted low levels of knockdown activity without photothermal activation. Optimized siRNA delivery conditions were applied toward the targeted knockdown of transglutaminase 2 (TG2), whose expression is associated with the progression of recurrent ovarian cancer, with a reduction in activity of over 80% achieved after a single pulsed laser treatment.