研究目的
To lower the sintering temperature and decrease the weight ratio of templates required for fabricating textured (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) system ceramics, and to investigate the effects of decreasing the weight ratio of templates on sintering temperature, orientation factor, and piezoelectric properties.
研究成果
The study successfully reduced the weight ratio of templates required for orientation control to 1/10 of the conventional ratio, achieving textured KNN ceramics with high orientation factor and piezoelectricity. The sinterability of the textured ceramics was improved, and the addition of Bi2O3 effectively suppressed abnormal grain growth. However, the decrease in sintering temperature was partially canceled by the required addition of Bi2O3 when the weight ratio of templates was reduced.
研究不足
The study found that reducing the weight ratio of templates to less than 3 wt % did not further decrease sintering temperature due to the increase in the required amount of Bi2O3 added. Additionally, the Bi atoms in 1SNK-S suppress abnormal grain growth more effectively than those in Bi2O3 dispersed homogeneously in the calcined powder, indicating a limitation in the method's scalability.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed the reactive template grain growth (RTGG) method for grain orientation control, using platelike NaNbO3 (NN) crystal particles as templates. The NN crystal particles were synthesized by a single-step molten salt method using a mixed salt, treated by ultrasonic vibration, and subsequently screened.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The starting materials for NN templates were Bi2O3, Na2CO3, and Nb2O5 reagents. For KNN calcined powder, stoichiometric amounts of K2CO3, Na2CO3, and Nb2O5 reagents were used.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included an ultrasonic cleaner (Honda Electronics W-113 MK-II), a laser particle size analyzer (Horiba LA-950 V2), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (Rigaku MiniFlex), and a desktop scanning electron microscopy (SEM) apparatus (JEOL JCM-6000).
4：0).
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The NN templates were mixed with KNN calcined powder, an organic binder, and an organic solvent, then damp-dried and kneaded. The mixture was extended with a roller, cut into bars, shaped, dewaxed, and fired using a dual-step sintering process.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The crystal phase was examined by XRD analysis, and the surface configurations were observed with SEM. The orientation degree was determined by the Lotgering method.
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