摘要： In this chapter, we will discuss aerogels based on graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide—promising composite materials, based on 2D carbon nanoparticles, with a certain architecture that prevents aggregation of graphene layers with a highly developed surface that have a high potential technological realization as materials for supercapacitors, sensors, batteries, and actuators. This chapter describes the existing methods for producing composite aerogels based on graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide, the structural features of these materials, the most relevant studies in the areas of surface modification, architectural control, improvement of mechanical properties, and the most interesting applications. It has been shown that such materials have relatively high specific surface values and a high degree of exfoliation of graphene layers, but an urgent need is to improve them, which is due to the fragility of graphene aerogels and composite materials based on them, as well as the need to modify the surface to control porosity.