研究目的
To synthesize submicron barium calcium zirconium titanate ceramic for energy storage via the co-precipitation method, aiming to lower the synthesis temperature and improve the electrical properties of perovskites.
研究成果
The co-precipitation method successfully synthesized BCZT materials at a lower temperature than the conventional solid-state method, with the bulk ceramics exhibiting promising energy storage properties. This method offers a new strategy for improving the electrical properties of perovskites.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of BCZT ceramics via the co-precipitation method, with limitations including the specific conditions required for optimal synthesis and the need for further optimization of electrical properties for practical applications.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The co-precipitation method was chosen for its advantages over other chemical methods, including improved activity, lower reaction temperature, increased chemical homogeneity, and distribution uniformity.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
BCZT powders were synthesized using barium acetate, calcium acetate, zirconium nitrate, and titanium chloride as raw materials. The (Ba+Ca)/(Zr+Ti) molar ratio and concentrations of reactants and NaOH were adjusted to obtain a single phase.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Thermoanalyser (Q600, USA), X-ray diffraction (Rigaku, D/Max-2550/PC, Tokyo, Japan), scanning electron microscope (SEM; Quanta 200, FEI, Eindhoven, the Netherlands), HRTEM (JEM-2100, JEOL, Japan), high voltage amplifier (AixACCT-TF2000, USA).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The synthesis involved dissolving raw materials in deionized water, adjusting the pH with NaOH, stirring, aging, washing, drying, calcining, and sintering to obtain bulk ceramics.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the phase formation temperature, crystalline structure, and reaction mechanism.
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